{"id":8716,"date":"2024-02-08T23:25:28","date_gmt":"2024-02-08T23:25:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/anatomy-biomechanics-and-regional-interdependence-of-the-thorax-uk\/"},"modified":"2024-02-08T23:25:28","modified_gmt":"2024-02-08T23:25:28","slug":"anatomy-biomechanics-and-regional-interdependence-of-the-thorax-uk","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/uk\/anatomy-biomechanics-and-regional-interdependence-of-the-thorax-uk\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f, \u0431\u0456\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\"><b>\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440<\/b>&#8211; <a title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\">Jess Bell<\/a> \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0443 <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/course_tutor\/tanya-bell-jenje\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Tanya Bell-Jenje<\/a><br \/>\n<b>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Lucinda hampton\" href=\"\/User:Lucinda_hampton\"><bdi>Lucinda Hampton<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Robin Tacchetti\" href=\"\/User:Robin_Tacchetti\"><bdi>Robin Tacchetti<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Olajumoke Ogunleye\" href=\"\/User:Olajumoke_Ogunleye\"><bdi>Olajumoke Ogunleye<\/bdi><\/a> and <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Merinda Rodseth\" href=\"\/User:Merinda_Rodseth\"><bdi>Merinda Rodseth<\/bdi><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">\u0417\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Anatomy\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Range_of_Motion\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0410\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Regions_of_the_Thorax\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Ribs\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#The_Thoracic_Ring_(T3-T9)\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435 (T3-T9)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Thoracic_Function\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Thoracic_Asymmetry\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0410\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Regional_Interdependence\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u0420\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#1._Cervical_spine\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">1. \u0428\u0438\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#2._Shoulder\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">2. \u041f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#3._Other_Relationships\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">3. \u0406\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Postural_and_Positional_Implications\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0438<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Summary\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u041f\u0456\u0434\u0441\u0443\u043c\u043e\u043a<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\">|<\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"Thoracic Anatomy\" href=\"\/Thoracic_Anatomy\">\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/a> &#8211; \u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a, \u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c &#8220;\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c&#8221; \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c\u043e\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u0432 \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0457,<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044e \u0432 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0456. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0456\u043a<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>13 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 <a title=\"Thoracic Back Pain\" href=\"\/Thoracic_Back_Pain\">\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0446\u0456<\/a><\/li>\n<li>43 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 <a title=\"Low Back Pain\" href=\"\/Low_Back_Pain\">\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n<li>44 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 <a title=\"Mechanical Neck Pain\" href=\"\/Mechanical_Neck_Pain\">\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0448\u0438\u0457<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a, \u0432\u0456\u0434 36 \u0434\u043e 41 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0456\u0431, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0448\u0438\u0457 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0456, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0446\u0456 (\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e 4 \u0437 10 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432).<sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> \u041e\u0442\u0436\u0435, \u0446\u0435 \u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u0456\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0456\u0432.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Anatomy\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Anatomy\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\">|<\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Anatomy\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0423 <a title=\"Thoracic Anatomy\" href=\"\/Thoracic_Anatomy\">\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/a> \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0447\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f 136 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0456 112 <a title=\"Muscle\" href=\"\/Muscle\">\u043c&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445<\/a> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c. \u041e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0454 \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456 \u0431\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/3mniZ_zQuRE?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Range_of_Motion\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0410\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432 <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Range of Motion\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Range of Motion\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0456\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 85 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0432 (+\/- 14,8 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0430).<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup> \u0426\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c 80 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0442\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0430.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup> \u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0456\u0434 6 \u0434\u043e 8 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0432. \u0426\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u043d\u0456\u0436 <a title=\"Lumbar Anatomy\" href=\"\/Lumbar_Anatomy\">\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438<\/a>, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430 2-3 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0443\u0441\u0438.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0443\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0454 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443, \u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0443\u0454 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044e \u0456 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044e \u0447\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0456.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> \u0412\u0456\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 55 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043a\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0430.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Regions_of_the_Thorax\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0412\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Regions of the Thorax\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Regions of the Thorax\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div class=\"thumbnail tright\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Rib_Cage.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Rib_Cage.jpg\/423px-Rib_Cage.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Rib_Cage.jpg\/635px-Rib_Cage.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/13\/Rib_Cage.jpg\/846px-Rib_Cage.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Rib Cage.jpg\" width=\"423\" height=\"250\" data-file-width=\"1146\" data-file-height=\"678\"><\/a><\/div>\n<p>\u0425\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 (Vertebromanubrial):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437: \u04221 \u0456 \u04222, <a title=\"Ribs\" href=\"\/Ribs\">\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430<\/a> 1 \u0456 2, \u0440\u0443\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0456 <a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Clavicula\" href=\"\/Clavicula\">\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0446\u0456<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0425\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 (Vertebrosternal)\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437: \u04223-\u04227, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u0437 3 \u043f\u043e 7 \u0456 <a title=\"Sternum\" href=\"\/Sternum\">\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0425\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u0445\u0440\u044f\u0449\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 (Vertebrochondral):\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437: \u04228 &#8211; \u042210 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 \u0437 8 \u043f\u043e 10<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 (Thoracolumbar)\n<ul>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437: \u042211 \u0456 \u042212, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 11 \u0456 12<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NB: \u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <a title=\"Cartilage\" href=\"\/Cartilage\">\u0445\u0440\u044f\u0449<\/a>, \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440, \u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0454 \u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<h4><span id=\"Ribs\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Ribs\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\">|<\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Ribs\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 1, 11 \u0456 12 \u0437\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u043c (\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u043e 1 \u0437\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u04221)<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u0437 2 \u043f\u043e 10 \u0437\u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u043c, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0437 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0442\u0430\u0448\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u044f, <a title=\"Intervertebral disc\" href=\"\/Intervertebral_disc\">\u043c\u0456\u0436\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/a> \u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u0411\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 <a title=\"Ribs\" href=\"\/Ribs\">\u0442\u0443\u0442<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"The_Thoracic_Ring_.28T3-T9.29\"><\/span><span id=\"The_Thoracic_Ring_(T3-T9)\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435 (T3-T9)<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: The Thoracic Ring (T3-T9)\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: The Thoracic Ring (T3-T9)\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435&#8221; (&#8220;thoracic ring\u201d) \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0441\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0436\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456 \u043b\u0456\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440 (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0446\u044c-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a-\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0445), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\/\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0456\u0432&#8221;<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 13 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044c<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_11-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0414\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 (Zygapophyseal) \/ \u0444\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 = 2 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044c<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0435 (Costovertebral) = 4 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u041c\u0456\u0436\u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0435 (Intervertebral) = 1 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0435 (Costotransverse) = 2 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u0435\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e-\u0445\u0440\u044f\u0449\u043e\u0432\u0435 (Costochondral) = 2 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435 (Sternocostal) = 2 \u0437\u02bc\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0456\u0446\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0456\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0446\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u0430.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Thoracic_Function\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Thoracic Function\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Thoracic Function\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Lee<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_11-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u044f\u043a &#8220;\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0447\u043a\u0443&#8221; \u0430\u0431\u043e &#8220;\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0443&#8221;. \u0412\u0456\u043d \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0443 \u0437 10 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0456\u043b\u0435\u0446\u044c<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_11-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> \u0456 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0454 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0456 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_7-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\n<ul>\n<li>NB: \u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0433\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u0430 \u0437\u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0454 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448 \u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443<sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f <a title=\"Thoracolumbar Fascia\" href=\"\/Thoracolumbar_Fascia\">\u043c\u0456\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0441\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445<\/a> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0456\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c<\/li>\n<li>\u0417\u0430\u0445\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0454 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0435, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0456, \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 <a title=\"Respiratory Assessment\" href=\"\/Respiratory_Assessment\">\u0434\u0438\u0445\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457<\/a> <sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Thoracic_Asymmetry\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0410\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Thoracic Asymmetry\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Thoracic Asymmetry\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0410\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0456\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 <a title=\"Facet Joints\" href=\"\/Facet_Joints\">\u0444\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a<\/a> \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0454 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043c \u044f\u0432\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043c.<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup> \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0454\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456.<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Regional_Interdependence\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0420\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Regional Interdependence\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Regional Interdependence\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f <a title=\"Regional Interdependence\" href=\"\/Regional_Interdependence\">\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<\/a> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0454, \u0449\u043e: &#8220;\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0442\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0456 \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0430&#8221;.<sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup> \u0411\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u0449\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0456\u0441\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0437\u043c\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456.<sup id=\"cite_ref-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v4YXQgamW2Q?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u044e\u044e\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"1._Cervical_spine\" class=\"mw-headline\">1. \u0428\u0438\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: 1. Cervical spine\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: 1. Cervical spine\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tsang \u0442\u0430 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_22-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup> \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0454 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0448\u0438\u0457. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_22-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>25 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n<li>10 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0448\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u0437 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u044e \u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438 \u0443 \u0448\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456, \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0446\u044e \u0434\u0456\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043a\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0436\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434 \u043e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0454\u044e \u0448\u0438\u0457.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_22-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>\u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e, Engell \u0442\u0430 \u0439\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0456\u0457 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043a\u0456\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u044e.<sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"2._Shoulder\" class=\"mw-headline\">2. \u041f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: 2. Shoulder\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: 2. Shoulder\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a title=\"Scapula\" href=\"\/Scapula\">\u041b\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/a> &#8211; \u0446\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0431\u043d\u0430 <a title=\"Bone\" href=\"\/Bone\">\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430<\/a>, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0454 \u0434\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0457 \u0432\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0454 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430 <a title=\"Posture\" href=\"\/Posture\">\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430<\/a>, \u044f\u043a <a title=\"Thoracic Hyperkyphosis\" href=\"\/Thoracic_Hyperkyphosis\">\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0437<\/a>, \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 <a title=\"Scoliosis\" href=\"\/Scoliosis\">\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437<\/a> \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439\/\u0456\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u044e \u043b\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u044e \u0430\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0456\u0432 \u0443 <a title=\"Glenohumeral Joint\" href=\"\/Glenohumeral_Joint\">\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456<\/a> \u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 <a title=\"Impingement \/ Instability Differentiation\" href=\"\/Impingement_\/_Instability_Differentiation\">\u0456\u043c\u043f\u0456\u0434\u0436\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">(24)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0449\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u0456\u043d\u044e\u0454 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456<sup id=\"cite_ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\">(25)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">(26)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">(27)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"3._Other_Relationships\" class=\"mw-headline\">3. \u0406\u043d\u0448\u0456 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e\u0437\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: 3. Other Relationships\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: 3. Other Relationships\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0411\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0430 <a title=\"Sympathetic Nervous System\" href=\"\/Sympathetic_Nervous_System\">\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445<\/a> \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043f\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0445\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 <a title=\"Neuropathic Pain\" href=\"\/Neuropathic_Pain\">\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c<\/a> \u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043a\u0456\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445<sup id=\"cite_ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\">(28)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>70 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0443 <a title=\"Elbow\" href=\"\/Elbow\">\u043b\u0456\u043a\u0442\u044c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456<\/a> \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0443\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c \u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0446\u0456 (\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043d\u043e \u0437 16 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0456)<sup id=\"cite_ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Postural_and_Positional_Implications\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0438<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Postural and Positional Implications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Postural and Positional Implications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0412\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 <a title=\"Hamstrings\" href=\"\/Hamstrings\">\u0445\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0433<\/a> \u0437\u043c\u0443\u0448\u0443\u0454 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 &#8220;\u043f\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u044f&#8221; \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0434\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/li>\n<li>\u0412\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 <a title=\"Low Back Pain Related to Hyperlordosis\" href=\"\/Low_Back_Pain_Related_to_Hyperlordosis\">\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0437<\/a> \u0442\u0430 \u043a\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0437<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Leg Length Discrepancy\" href=\"\/Leg_Length_Discrepancy\">\u041d\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0456\u0433<\/a> \u0442\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 402px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8d\/Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg\/400px-Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8d\/Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg\/600px-Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/8\/8d\/Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg\/800px-Bigstock_Image_-_Forward_Head_Posture_-_ID302417506.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"400\" height=\"267\" data-file-width=\"1600\" data-file-height=\"1067\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a 1. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u041d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u044f\u043a<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Forward Head Posture\" href=\"\/Forward_Head_Posture\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434<\/a> (\u0440\u0438\u0441. 1)<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0456\u0444\u043e\u0437<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Sway Back Posture\" href=\"\/Sway_Back_Posture\">\u041f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \/ \u0432\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u041c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0414\u0438\u0441\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u043c&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0456\u0432<\/li>\n<li>\u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0431\u0456\u0432<\/li>\n<li>\u0421\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043a\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c <a title=\"Ligament\" href=\"\/Ligament\">\u0437\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u043e\u043a<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043a\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041d\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0446\u0456\u0432 \u0456 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0456\u0432<sup id=\"cite_ref-30\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>80 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0443\u043b\u0443\u0431 \u0456 \u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0456 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438), \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437<sup id=\"cite_ref-31\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0422\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0456\u043e\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u0454 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u0432 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0443<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Summary\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u0412\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Summary\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\">|<\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Summary\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u043e 40 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0444\u0456\u0437\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u0442\u0430 \u0437 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0443 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0448\u0438\u0457, \u043c\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0443 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430, \u044f\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0446\u0456\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Biomechanics\" href=\"\/Biomechanics\">\u0411\u0456\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0456\u043a\u0430<\/a> \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0432<\/li>\n<li>\u0420\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043a\u043b\u0456\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u0456\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456<\/li>\n<li>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0456 \u044f\u043a \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0456\u043d\u0433 \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0437\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043d\u0430, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0456 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0456 \u0445\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0442\u0430 &#8211; \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0448\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0438<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u041f\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\">|<\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Anatomy,_Biomechanics_and_Regional_Interdependence_of_the_Thorax&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-0\">1.00<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-1\">1.01<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-2\">1.02<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-3\">1.03<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-4\">1.04<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-5\">1.05<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-6\">1.06<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-7\">1.07<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-8\">1.08<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-9\">1.09<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-10\">1.10<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-11\">1.11<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-12\">1.12<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Bell-Jenje T. The Thorax Simplified &#8211; Anatomy, Biomechanics and Regional Interdependence Course. Plus , 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:4-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_2-0\">2.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_2-1\">2.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Leboeuf-Yde C, Nielsen J, Kyvik KO, Fejer R, Hartvigsen J. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/1471-2474-10-39\" rel=\"nofollow\">Pain in the lumbar, thoracic or cervical regions: do age and gender matter? A population-based study of 34,902 Danish twins 20\u201371 years of age<\/a>. <i>BMC Musculoskelet Disord<\/i>. 2009;10(39).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Roquelaure Y, Bodin J, Ha C, Le Marec F, Fouquet N, Ramond-Roquin A et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acr.22323\" rel=\"nofollow\">Incidence and risk factors for thoracic spine pain in the working population: the French Pays de la Loire study<\/a>. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2014;66(11):1695-702. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Kenhub &#8211; Learn Human Anatomy. Thoracic Spine &#8211; Definition &amp; Components &#8211; Human Anatomy | Kenhub. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3mniZ_zQuRE\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3mniZ_zQuRE<\/a> (last accessed 28\/8\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Heneghan NR, Hall A, Hollands M, Balanos GM. Stability and intra-tester reliability of an in vivo measurement of thoracic axial rotation using an innovative methodology. 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