{"id":4824,"date":"2023-02-10T14:28:31","date_gmt":"2023-02-10T14:28:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/the-role-of-the-diaphragm-in-trunk-stability-it\/"},"modified":"2023-02-10T18:28:42","modified_gmt":"2023-02-10T18:28:42","slug":"the-role-of-the-diaphragm-in-trunk-stability-it","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/the-role-of-the-diaphragm-in-trunk-stability-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Il ruolo del diaframma nella stabilit\u00e0 del tronco"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\"> <b>Redattrice principale<\/b> &#8211; <a href=\"\/User:Carin_Hunter\" title=\"User:Carin Hunter\">Carin Hunter<\/a>, sulla base del corso di <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/course_tutor\/rina-pandya\/\">Rina Pandya<\/a><br \/>\n<b>Contributori principali<\/b> &#8211; <a href=\"\/User:Carin_Hunter\" class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Carin Hunter\"><bdi>Carin Hunter<\/bdi><\/a>, <a href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\" class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a href=\"\/User:Merinda_Rodseth\" class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Merinda Rodseth\"><bdi>Merinda Rodseth<\/bdi><\/a> e <a href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\" class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input type=\"checkbox\" role=\"button\" id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display:none\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenuti<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"toctogglespan\"><label class=\"toctogglelabel\" for=\"toctogglecheckbox\"><\/label><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduzione<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#1._Overview_on_Muscle_systems\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">1. Panoramica sui sistemi muscolari<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#2._Important_Concepts_in_Relation_to_Diaphragm_Rehabilitation\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">2. Concetti importanti in relazione alla riabilitazione del diaframma<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#The_Diaphragm.27s_Role_in_Balance_and_Gait\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Il ruolo del diaframma nell&#8217;equilibrio e nel passo<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#The_Diaphragm_as_a_Core_Stabiliser\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\"><b>Il diaframma come stabilizzatore del core<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Muscle_of_Abdominal_Straining_and_Weight_Lifting\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\"><b>Muscolo dello sforzo addominale e del sollevamento pesi<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Trunk_stability\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Stabilit\u00e0 del tronco<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Additional_Resources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Risorse aggiuntive<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Citazioni<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Introduction\">Introduzione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Questa pagina esamina il ruolo del diaframma nella stabilit\u00e0 del tronco. Questo muscolo non dovrebbe essere dimenticato quando si lavora con pazienti che sono stati sottoposti a ventilazione meccanica o con soggetti che presentano dolore lombare, disfunzioni del passo o dell&#8217;equilibrio. Questa pagina contiene una breve panoramica dei muscoli della respirazione e discute i concetti rilevanti quando si lavora per la rieducazione del diaframma e il miglioramento della stabilit\u00e0 del core.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"1._Overview_on_Muscle_systems\">1. Panoramica sui sistemi muscolari<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: 1. Overview on Muscle systems\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\" title=\"Edit section: 1. Overview on Muscle systems\">modifica fonte<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Il <b>sistema muscolare locale<\/b> \u00e8 costituito da uno strato profondo di muscoli a contrazione lenta che controllano i movimenti intersegmentali. Questi muscoli rispondono ai cambiamenti di postura e ai carichi estrinseci.<\/p>\n<p>I principali muscoli locali includono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/Transversus_Abdominis\" title=\"Transversus Abdominis\">Trasverso dell&#8217;addome<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Lumbar_Multifidus\" title=\"Lumbar Multifidus\">Multifido<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Internal_Abdominal_Oblique\" title=\"Internal Abdominal Oblique\">Obliquo interno<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Transversospinales\" title=\"Transversospinales\">Trasverso spinale<\/a> profondo<\/li>\n<li>Muscoli <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/Pelvic_Floor_Anatomy?utm_source=physiopedia&amp;utm_medium=search&amp;utm_campaign=ongoing_internal#Pelvic_Floor_Myology_.5B2.5D.5B4.5D\">del pavimento pelvico<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il <b>sistema muscolare globale<\/b> comprende muscoli lunghi e a contrazione rapida che possiedono un ampio braccio di leva per produrre un momento meccanico (torquw) e i movimenti grossolani.<\/p>\n<p>I principali muscoli globali includono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/Erector_Spinae\" title=\"Erector Spinae\">Erettore spinale<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/External_Abdominal_Oblique\" title=\"External Abdominal Oblique\">Obliquo esterno<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Rectus_Abdominis\" title=\"Rectus Abdominis\">Retto dell&#8217;addome<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Quadratus_Lumborum\" title=\"Quadratus Lumborum\">Quadrato dei lombi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Per ulteriori informazioni, si prega di consultare questa pagina: <a href=\"\/Muscles_of_Respiration\" title=\"Muscles of Respiration\">Muscoli della respirazione<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"2._Important_Concepts_in_Relation_to_Diaphragm_Rehabilitation\">2. Concetti importanti in relazione alla riabilitazione del diaframma<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: 2. Important Concepts in Relation to Diaphragm Rehabilitation\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\" title=\"Edit section: 2. Important Concepts in Relation to Diaphragm Rehabilitation\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><b><u>1. Pompa toraco-addominale<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Il diaframma svolge un ruolo importante nel ritorno venoso. Durante l&#8217;inspirazione, il diaframma scende. Questo movimento del diaframma aumenta la pressione nella cavit\u00e0 addominale e diminuisce quella nella cavit\u00e0 intratoracica.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> L&#8217;aumento della pressione nella cavit\u00e0 addominale porta alla compressione della <a href=\"\/Vena_Cava#Inferior_Vena_Cava_.28IVC.29\" title=\"Vena Cava\">vena cava inferiore (IVC)<\/a>, che contribuisce a muovere il sangue, contro gravit\u00e0, nell&#8217;atrio destro del cuore.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Lo stesso vale per i vasi linfatici addominali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> La pressione negativa intratoracica, causata dal decentramento del diaframma, e la compressione dei vasi linfatici addominali determinano un movimento della linfa verso l&#8217;alto. Le valvole del dotto toracico impediscono alla linfa di refluire verso il basso.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/32Bhf37qXUQ?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><b><u>2. Manovra di Valsalva<\/u><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La manovra di Valsalva \u00e8 definita come un&#8217;espirazione forzata a glottide chiusa.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup> \u00c8 associata a un aumento della pressione intratoracica e intraddominale.<\/li>\n<li>Questo semplice movimento \u00e8 associato a una complessa risposta cardiovascolare e ad altri meccanismi di regolazione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Lo scopo principale di questi meccanismi \u00e8 quello di controllare la pressione arteriosa.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_4-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>I medici possono valutare le variazioni della pressione arteriosa e della frequenza cardiaca durante e dopo la manovra di Valsalva per diagnosticare o confermare la diagnosi di una serie di condizioni.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_4-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><b>Rilevamento dei soffi al cuore:<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>La manovra di Valsalva pu\u00f2 essere utilizzata anche clinicamente per classificare i soffi al cuore come clinicamente a destra o a sinistra.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Per ulteriori informazioni su questo test, si prega di consultare questa pagina: <a href=\"\/Valsalva_Test\" title=\"Valsalva Test\">Test di Valsalva.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Z4BxBh46h_Q?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"The_Diaphragm's_Role_in_Balance_and_Gait\"><\/span><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"The_Diaphragm.27s_Role_in_Balance_and_Gait\">Il ruolo del diaframma nell&#8217;equilibrio e nel passo<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: The Diaphragm's Role in Balance and Gait\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\" title=\"Edit section: The Diaphragm's Role in Balance and Gait\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il diaframma \u00e8 principalmente un <a href=\"\/Muscles_of_Respiration\" title=\"Muscles of Respiration\">muscolo della respirazione<\/a> e controlla il <a href=\"\/How_We_Breathe\" title=\"How We Breathe\">modo in cui respiriamo<\/a>. Tuttavia, ha un ruolo importante anche nella stabilizzazione del tronco per migliorare l&#8217;equilibrio e la deambulazione<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup>, insieme ai muscoli addominali e ai muscoli paraspinali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"The_Diaphragm_as_a_Core_Stabiliser\"><b>Il diaframma come stabilizzatore del core<\/b><\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: The Diaphragm as a Core Stabiliser\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\" title=\"Edit section: The Diaphragm as a Core Stabiliser\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width:302px;\"><a href=\"\/File:Diaphragm_cylinder.png\" class=\"image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Diaphragm cylinder.png\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Diaphragm_cylinder.png\/300px-Diaphragm_cylinder.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"313\" class=\"thumbimage\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Diaphragm_cylinder.png\/450px-Diaphragm_cylinder.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/5d\/Diaphragm_cylinder.png\/600px-Diaphragm_cylinder.png 2x\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><a href=\"\/File:Diaphragm_cylinder.png\" class=\"internal\" title=\"Enlarge\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Il <a href=\"\/Diaphragm_Anatomy_and_Differential_Diagnosis\" title=\"Il diaframma: anatomia e diagnosi differenziale\">diaframma<\/a>, il multifido, il trasverso dell&#8217;addome e i muscoli del pavimento pelvico agiscono come un&#8217;unica unit\u00e0 al centro di varie catene cinetiche funzionali. \u00c8 stato osservato che l&#8217;azione coordinata di questi muscoli controlla la pressione intraddominale, fissa il tronco e riduce lo stress sulla colonna vertebrale, soprattutto nella regione lombare.<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Muscle_of_Abdominal_Straining_and_Weight_Lifting\"><b>Muscolo dello sforzo addominale e del sollevamento pesi<\/b><\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Muscle of Abdominal Straining and Weight Lifting\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\" title=\"Edit section: Muscle of Abdominal Straining and Weight Lifting\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La contrazione del diaframma e dei muscoli della parete addominale anteriore determina un aumento della pressione intraddominale durante processi normali come la minzione, la defecazione, il vomito e il parto.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JgYOWf2OCKA?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Trunk_stability\">Stabilit\u00e0 del tronco<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Trunk stability\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\" title=\"Edit section: Trunk stability\">modifica sorgente<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Esistono due tipi di instabilit\u00e0 spinale:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>Instabilit\u00e0 evidente:<\/b> evidente spostamento radiografico della vertebra associato a deficit neurologico e deformit\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li> <b> Instabilit\u00e0 funzionale\/clinica:<\/b> l&#8217;instabilit\u00e0 clinica \u00e8 &#8220;la perdita della capacit\u00e0 della colonna vertebrale di mantenere i suoi schemi di spostamento sotto carichi fisiologici in modo che non ci sia un deficit neurologico iniziale o aggiuntivo, nessuna deformit\u00e0 importante e nessun dolore invalidante&#8221;<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>La forza del core fornisce la stabilit\u00e0 del tronco prossimale per la mobilit\u00e0 distale. Per questo motivo, la maggior parte degli esercizi prescritti dai fisioterapisti si concentra sulla mobilit\u00e0 degli arti insieme alla stabilizzazione del core e della zona lombare e a tecniche di respirazione profonda.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;allenamento del core comporta la coordinazione di input sia sensoriali che motori, che comprendono:\n<ul>\n<li>Controllo neuromuscolare<\/li>\n<li>Componenti strutturali passive (elementi ossei e legamentosi)<\/li>\n<li>Componenti mobili attive (29 coppie di elementi muscolari)<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ulteriori informazioni sulla riabilitazione del diaframma sono disponibili qui: <a href=\"\/Diaphragm_Rehabilitation\" title=\"La riabilitazione del diaframma\">Riabilitazione del diaframma<\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"Additional_Resources\">Risorse aggiuntive<\/span> <span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Additional Resources\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\" title=\"Edit section: Additional Resources\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"\/Core_Strengthening\" title=\"Core Strengthening\">Core Strengthening<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/Diaphragmatic_Breathing_Exercises\" title=\"Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises\">Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"mw-headline\" id=\"References\">Citazioni<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\" class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a href=\"\/index.php?title=The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\" title=\"Edit section: References\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-0\">1.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-1\">1.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-2\">1.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-3\">1.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Bains KN, Kashyap S, Lappin SL. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK519558\/\">Anatomy, Thorax, Diaphragm.<\/a> StatPearls (Internet). 2021 Jul 26.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">McCool FD, Manzoor K, Minami T. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chestmed.theclinics.com\/article\/S0272-5231(18)30012-1\/fulltext\">Disorders of the diaphragm.<\/a> Clinics in chest medicine. 2018 Jun 1;39(2):345-60.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_3-3\">3.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Pandya R. The Role of the Diaphragm in Trunk Stability Course. Plus , 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:2-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_4-0\">4.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_4-1\">4.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_4-2\">4.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_4-3\">4.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Pstras L, Thomaseth K, Waniewski J, Balzani I, Bellavere F. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/apha.12639\">The Valsalva manoeuvre: physiology and clinical examples<\/a>. Acta physiologica. 2016 Jun;217(2):103-19.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Roy JK, Roy TS, Mukhopadhyay SC. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-3-319-99540-3_7\">Heart sound: Detection and analytical approach towards diseases.<\/a> InModern Sensing Technologies 2019 (pp. 103-145). Springer, Cham.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Wirth K, Hartmann H, Mickel C, Szilvas E, Keiner M, Sander A. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s40279-016-0597-7\">Core stability in athletes: a critical analysis of current guidelines.<\/a> Sports medicine. 2017 Mar;47(3):401-14.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Kocjan J, Gzik-Zroska B, Nowakowska K, Burkacki M, Sucho\u0144 S, Michnik R, Czy\u017cewski D, Adamek M. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0208697\">Impact of diaphragm function parameters on balance maintenance.<\/a> Plos one. 2018 Dec 28;13(12):e0208697.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Wilhelm M. <i><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ttu-ir.tdl.org\/handle\/2346\/86961\">The Effect of Low Back Pain History on Multifidus Co-contraction During Common Lumbosacral Voluntary Stabilizing Contractions<\/a><\/i> (Doctoral dissertation).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Hodges PW, Gurfinkel VS, Brumagne S, Smith TC, Cordo PC. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00221-002-1040-x\">Coexistence of stability and mobility in postural control: evidence from postural compensation for respiration.<\/a> Experimental brain research. 2002 Jun;144(3):293-302.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Michael S, Erik S, Udo S, Edward L. Atlas of Anatomy: General Anatomy and the Musculoskeletal System.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Panjabi MM. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S1050641103000440\">Clinical spinal instability and low back pain.<\/a> Journal of electromyography and kinesiology. 2003 Aug 1;13(4):371-9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Kim E, Lee H. <a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/jpts\/25\/6\/25_jpts-2012-124\/_article\/-char\/ja\/\">The effects of deep abdominal muscle strengthening exercises on respiratory function and lumbar stability.<\/a> Journal of physical therapy science. 2013 Jun 25;25(6):663-5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Walters S, GradCert B. <i><a rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Sherrilyn-Walters\/publication\/343569590_Investigation_into_intra-abdominal_pressure_and_neuromuscular_activation_to_increase_force_production_in_traditional_martial_arts_practitioners\/links\/61295e860360302a006125a4\/Investigation-into-intra-abdominal-pressure-and-neuromuscular-activation-to-increase-force-production-in-traditional-martial-arts-practitioners.pdf\">Investigation into intra-abdominal pressure and neuromuscular activation to increase force production in traditional martial arts practitioners<\/a><\/i> (Doctoral dissertation, University of Southern Queensland).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20230128201109 Cache expiry: 0 Dynamic content: true Complications: () CPU time usage: 0.075 seconds Real time usage: 0.081 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 245\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 150\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/40 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 9199\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 17.360 1 Special:Contributors\/The_Role_of_the_Diaphragm_in_Trunk_Stability 100.00% 17.360 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Redattrice principale &#8211; Carin Hunter, sulla base del corso di Rina Pandya Contributori principali &#8211; Carin Hunter, Jess Bell, Merinda Rodseth e Kim Jackson Contenuti 1 Introduzione 1.1 1. Panoramica sui sistemi muscolari 1.2 2. Concetti importanti in relazione alla riabilitazione del diaframma 2 Il ruolo del diaframma nell&#8217;equilibrio e nel passo 3 Il diaframma [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4824","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4824"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4824\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4839,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4824\/revisions\/4839"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}