{"id":2303,"date":"2022-08-14T15:34:26","date_gmt":"2022-08-14T15:34:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/physical-activity-in-individuals-with-disabilities-it\/"},"modified":"2026-01-13T09:36:13","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T09:36:13","slug":"physical-activity-in-individuals-with-disabilities-it","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/physical-activity-in-individuals-with-disabilities-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Attivit\u00e0 fisica nelle persone con disabilit\u00e0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\">\n<p><b>Redazione originale<\/b> &#8211; Clara Hildt<\/p>\n<p><b>Contributori principali<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Ewa Jaraczewska\" href=\"\/User:Ewa_Jaraczewska\"><bdi>Ewa Jaraczewska<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Tarina van der Stockt\" href=\"\/User:Tarina_van_der_Stockt\"><bdi>Tarina van der Stockt<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Rachael Lowe\" href=\"\/User:Rachael_Lowe\"><bdi>Rachael Lowe<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Lucinda hampton\" href=\"\/User:Lucinda_hampton\"><bdi>Lucinda hampton<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Mariam Hashem\" href=\"\/User:Mariam_Hashem\"><bdi>Mariam Hashem<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Simisola Ajeyalemi\" href=\"\/User:Simisola_Ajeyalemi\"><bdi>Simisola Ajeyalemi<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Rucha Gadgil\" href=\"\/User:Rucha_Gadgil\"><bdi>Rucha Gadgil<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Merinda Rodseth\" href=\"\/User:Merinda_Rodseth\"><bdi>Merinda Rodseth<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Admin\" href=\"\/User:Admin\"><bdi>Admin<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Evan Thomas\" href=\"\/User:Evan_Thomas\"><bdi>Evan Thomas<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:George Prudden\" href=\"\/User:George_Prudden\"><bdi>George Prudden<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Michelle Lee\" href=\"\/User:Michelle_Lee\"><bdi>Michelle Lee<\/bdi><\/a> and <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:WikiSysop\" href=\"\/User:WikiSysop\"><bdi>WikiSysop<\/bdi><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenuti<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduzione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Disability_and_Health\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Disabilit\u00e0 e salute<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Physical_Activity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Definition\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Definizione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Methods_of_Measuring_Physical_Activity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Metodi di misurazione dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Individuals_with_Disability\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Persone con disabilit\u00e0<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Benefits_of_Physical_Activity_for_Individuals_with_Disability\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Benefici dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica per le persone con disabilit\u00e0<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Barriers_to_Physical_Activity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Barriere per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Physical_Activity_for_Persons_Living_with_Disability_in_Low-Income_Countries\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Attivit\u00e0 fisica per le persone con disabilit\u00e0 nei paesi a basso reddito<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Health_Care_Provider\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Fornitore di assistenza sanitaria<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Guideline\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Linea guida<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Interaction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Interazione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Promoting_Physical_Activity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Promuovere l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Exercises\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Esercizi<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#Inclusive_Fitness_Trainer\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Inclusive Fitness Trainer<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-16\"><a href=\"#Campaign:_How_I_Walk\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Campagna: How I Walk (come cammino)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-17\"><a href=\"#Special_Olympics_and_Paralympics\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Giochi olimpici e paralimpici speciali<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-18\"><a href=\"#Sport_Organisations\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9.5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Organizzazioni sportive<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-19\"><a href=\"#Promoting_Physical_Activity_in_Low-Income_Countries\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">10<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Promuovere l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica nei paesi a basso reddito<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-20\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">11<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Citazioni<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduzione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nel mondo ci sono 1,2 miliardi di persone con <a title=\"Disability, Rehabilitation, Socioeconomics and Health\" href=\"\/Disability,_Rehabilitation,_Socioeconomics_and_Health\">disabilit\u00e0<\/a>. Rappresentano il 15% della popolazione mondiale e l&#8217;80% delle persone con disabilit\u00e0 risiede in paesi a basso reddito.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Negli Stati Uniti, il 20% della popolazione ha una disabilit\u00e0, ovvero 56 milioni di adulti. <sup id=\"cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2015-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> In Australia 1 persona su 6 ha una disabilit\u00e0. La disabilit\u00e0 grave o profonda, che significa che la persona non \u00e8 in grado di svolgere le <a title=\"AVQ\" href=\"\/ADLs\">attivit\u00e0 della vita quotidiana<\/a> senza assistenza, colpisce 1 persona su 3. <sup id=\"cite_ref-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> Secondo le stime della Banca Mondiale, un quinto della popolazione mondiale ha una grave disabilit\u00e0.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup> La pubblicazione nell&#8217;African Disability Rights del 2016 ha riportato che in Africa le neonate affette da disabilit\u00e0 avevano maggiori probabilit\u00e0 di essere uccise alla nascita.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Esistono molti tipi di disabilit\u00e0 che riguardano il movimento, la vista, l&#8217;udito, il pensiero, la memoria, l&#8217;apprendimento, la comunicazione, la salute mentale e le relazioni sociali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-p3_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-p3-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Disability_and_Health\" class=\"mw-headline\">Disabilit\u00e0 e salute<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Disability and Health\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Disability and Health\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Un comportamento sedentario, che spesso \u00e8 associato alla disabilit\u00e0, porta al decondizionamento e al rischio per la salute. Il problema \u00e8 cos\u00ec specifico che viene descritto come Sindrome da decondizionamento da basso dispendio energetico associata a disabilit\u00e0.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Gli individui con disabilit\u00e0 hanno il 57% di probabilit\u00e0 in pi\u00f9 di essere <a title=\"Obesit\u00e0\" href=\"\/Obesity\">obesi<\/a> rispetto agli adulti senza disabilit\u00e0.<sup id=\"cite_ref-p2_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-p2-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> L&#8217;obesit\u00e0 \u00e8 un importante fattore di rischio per gli adulti con disabilit\u00e0 che hanno il 33% di probabilit\u00e0 in pi\u00f9 di avere una patologia cronica, come malattie cardiache, <a title=\"Diabete\" href=\"\/Diabetes\">diabete<\/a>, <a title=\"Ictus\" href=\"\/Stroke\">ictus<\/a> o <a title=\"Cancer Rehabilitation and the Importance of Balance Training\" href=\"\/Cancer_Rehabilitation_and_the_Importance_of_Balance_Training\">cancro<\/a>. <sup id=\"cite_ref-p4_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-p4-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;impatto di queste malattie croniche pu\u00f2 essere ridotto dall&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica aerobica, ma gli adulti con disabilit\u00e0 fanno attivit\u00e0 fisica regolarmente solo la met\u00e0 delle volte rispetto agli adulti senza disabilit\u00e0 (12% rispetto al 22%). <sup id=\"cite_ref-p2_7-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-p2-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"floatnone\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/76\/Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg\/400px-Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/76\/Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg\/600px-Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/7\/76\/Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg\/799px-Aerobic_activity_by_disability_type.jpeg 2x\" alt=\"Aerobic activity by disability type.jpeg\" width=\"400\" height=\"579\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Physical_Activity\" class=\"mw-headline\">Attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Definition\" class=\"mw-headline\">Definizione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Definition\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Definition\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L&#8217;<a title=\"Attivit\u00e0 fisica\" href=\"\/Physical_Activity\">attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/a> (PA) \u00e8 definita come qualsiasi movimento del corpo prodotto dai muscoli scheletrici che richiede un dispendio energetico.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup> Sono quindi incluse le attivit\u00e0 intraprese mentre si lavora, si gioca, si viaggia, si fanno lavori domestici e si svolgono attivit\u00e0 ricreative. L&#8217;OMS raccomanda agli adulti di fare almeno 150-300 minuti di attivit\u00e0 fisica <a title=\"Aerobic Exercise\" href=\"\/Aerobic_Exercise\">aerobica<\/a> di intensit\u00e0 moderata nell&#8217;arco della settimana o almeno 75-150 minuti di attivit\u00e0 fisica aerobica di intensit\u00e0 vigorosa o una combinazione equivalente di attivit\u00e0 di intensit\u00e0 moderata e vigorosa nell&#8217;arco della settimana.<sup id=\"cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WHO.2C_2017-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> Tuttavia, circa il 25% della popolazione mondiale non \u00e8 sufficientemente attivo e questo numero \u00e8 doppio nei paesi ad alto reddito.<sup id=\"cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017_11-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WHO.2C_2017-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> Rispetto a coloro che soddisfano i criteri di attivit\u00e0 fisica, le persone non sufficientemente attive hanno un rischio maggiore del 20%-30% di mortalit\u00e0 per tutte le cause.<sup id=\"cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017a_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-WHO.2C_2017a-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kkPCPA5oUSg?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Methods_of_Measuring_Physical_Activity\" class=\"mw-headline\">Metodi di misurazione dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Methods of Measuring Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Methods of Measuring Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Il livello di attivit\u00e0 fisica pu\u00f2 essere misurato in Equivalente Metabolico dell&#8217;Attivit\u00e0 (Metabolic Equivalent of Task &#8211; MET), che \u00e8 definito come un multiplo del tasso metabolico a riposo. Quando si considerano le caratteristiche individuali, la soglia per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 si basa sulle intensit\u00e0 relative. Senza prendere in considerazione le capacit\u00e0 di una persona, le intensit\u00e0 assolute diventano la soglia di riferimento.<sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup> Un punteggio MET pari a 1 definisce il livello di energia utilizzato dalla persona a riposo. Quando le linee guida per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica utilizzano come punto di riferimento le intensit\u00e0 assolute, viene considerata attivit\u00e0 leggera quando i MET sono inferiori a 3, mentre i MET da 3,0 a 5,9 sono considerati attivit\u00e0 moderata. Quando il MET \u00e8 superiore a 6, l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 viene considerata vigorosa.<\/p>\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"thumb tnone\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:METWalkJogRun.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a6\/METWalkJogRun.jpg\/300px-METWalkJogRun.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a6\/METWalkJogRun.jpg\/450px-METWalkJogRun.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/a\/a6\/METWalkJogRun.jpg\/600px-METWalkJogRun.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"167\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Esempio di livelli MET<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Un altro strumento per misurare il livello di attivit\u00e0 fisica \u00e8 la scala di Borg sulla percezione dello sforzo, chiamata Rate of Perceived Exertion (<a title=\"Borg Rating Of Perceived Exertion\" href=\"\/Borg_Rating_Of_Perceived_Exertion\">RPE<\/a>). Si basa su una scala soggettiva che va da 6 a 20 e offre una buona stima della frequenza cardiaca durante un&#8217;attivit\u00e0.<\/p>\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"floatnone\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png\/300px-Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/2\/20\/Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png\/450px-Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/2\/20\/Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png 2x\" alt=\"Original-and-modified-Borg-scales.png\" width=\"300\" height=\"301\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Altri metodi di misurazione delle attivit\u00e0 fisiche sono:<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Questionari di autovalutazione<\/li>\n<li>Registri di attivit\u00e0 di autovalutazione<\/li>\n<li>Osservazione diretta<\/li>\n<li>Dispositivi: accelerometri, pedometri, cardiofrequenzimetri, tecnologia a fascia da braccio<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Individuals_with_Disability\" class=\"mw-headline\">Persone con disabilit\u00e0<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Individuals with Disability\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Individuals with Disability\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La disabilit\u00e0 non definisce la persona, quindi quando si parla o si lavora con persone con disabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 essenziale mettere la persona al primo posto. Il linguaggio positivo conferisce potere e quindi dovrebbe essere sempre utilizzato un linguaggio inclusivo.<sup id=\"cite_ref-gov.uk.2C_2014_16-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-gov.uk.2C_2014-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2017_17-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2017-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Una disabilit\u00e0 \u00e8 una qualsiasi condizione del corpo o della mente (compromissione) che rende pi\u00f9 difficile per la persona affetta da tale condizione svolgere determinate attivit\u00e0 (limitazione dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0) e interagire con il mondo circostante (limitazione della partecipazione)&#8221;.<sup id=\"cite_ref-CDC.2C_2015_18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-CDC.2C_2015-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Nel modello medico della disabilit\u00e0, la condizione viene vista come una difficolt\u00e0 medica e biologica. Si sottolinea la necessit\u00e0 di correggere il malessere invece di prevenire il malessere e promuovere il benessere. Al contrario, nel modello sociale, la disabilit\u00e0 viene vista come una differenza e non viene giudicata. Questo modello pone l&#8217;accento su barriere come i fattori strutturali o i comportamenti discriminatori che impediscono l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica. Sia il modello medico che quello sociale vengono criticati perch\u00e9 mettono in evidenza punti di vista estremi.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Martin.2C_2013-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup> Ci\u00f2 ha portato allo sviluppo del modello socio-relazionale, che suggerisce che entrambe le compromissioni, cos\u00ec come le barriere sociali e ambientali, possono agire contemporaneamente.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Thomas.2C_2004_20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Thomas.2C_2004-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ng6mT_EJy2Q?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Benefits_of_Physical_Activity_for_Individuals_with_Disability\" class=\"mw-headline\">Benefici dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica nelle persone con disabilit\u00e0<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Benefits of Physical Activity for Individuals with Disability\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Benefits of Physical Activity for Individuals with Disability\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica \u00e8 essenziale per la qualit\u00e0 della vita e come fattore promotore della salute pubblica. <sup id=\"cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Martin.2C_2013-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup><br \/>\nNelle persone con disabilit\u00e0, l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica ha un&#8217;importanza amplificata come conseguenza dei tassi pi\u00f9 elevati di <a title=\"Chronic Disease\" href=\"\/Chronic_Disease\">malattie croniche<\/a> che essa pu\u00f2 influenzare. Oltre a questi vantaggi metabolici, le persone con disabilit\u00e0 possono trarre ulteriori vantaggi dall&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Benefici per la salute:\n<ul>\n<li>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica ha un&#8217;importanza amplificata per le difficolt\u00e0 cognitive, emotive e sociali.<\/li>\n<li>Benefici psicologici, come il miglioramento della percezione di s\u00e9 tramite esperienze di attivit\u00e0 fisica di successo.<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica pu\u00f2 ridurre lo stress, il dolore e la depressione. Le attivit\u00e0 della vita quotidiana (AVQ) sono percepite come pi\u00f9 facili da svolgere.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Contatto sociale:\n<ul>\n<li>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica pu\u00f2 ridurre il processo di stigmatizzazione e gli stereotipi negativi.<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica pu\u00f2 contribuire a migliorare lo stato sociale: le persone non disabili vedono pi\u00f9 favorevolmente le persone con disabilit\u00e0 fisicamente attive rispetto a quelle non attive.<\/li>\n<li>Benefici sociali, dato che la natura di molte attivit\u00e0 sportive porta a una maggiore integrazione sociale, a legami e amicizie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Divertimento:\n<ul>\n<li>L&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica \u00e8 benefica per l&#8217;umore.<\/li>\n<li>Divertimento, tramite l&#8217;interazione sociale con il personale del fitness e con gli altri partecipanti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/w2-LSUF7-TU?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Barriers_to_Physical_Activity\" class=\"mw-headline\">Barriere per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Barriers to Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Barriers to Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nonostante i benefici per la salute, il contesto sociale e il divertimento, esistono, a seconda dell&#8217;et\u00e0 e del tipo di disabilit\u00e0, delle barriere a livello individuale, sociale, ambientale e politico.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Jaarsma_et_al..2C_2014_23-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Jaarsma_et_al..2C_2014-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup>:<\/p>\n<p><b>Individuale:<\/b> mancanza di conoscenze su dove fare esercizio fisico; mancanza di conoscenze\/informazioni accessibili sull&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica: quali sono i benefici dell&#8217;essere attivi<sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">(24)<\/a><\/sup>, quanta attivit\u00e0 si dovrebbe fare e quanto \u00e8 sicura l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica; paura di cadere; la natura della compromissione che produce dolore durante l&#8217;attivit\u00e0; mancanza di energia, mancanza di motivazione, vergogna di essere disabile;<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup>preoccupazioni personali sulla sicurezza; timore di attirare attenzioni indesiderate.<\/p>\n<p><b>Sociale:<\/b> dipendenza dei bambini con disabilit\u00e0 dai genitori; persone iperprotettive (caregivers, coniugi, familiari); gli insegnanti di educazione fisica non hanno la preparazione professionale o le attrezzature necessarie per lavorare con gli studenti con disabilit\u00e0; i medici forniscono scuse mediche agli studenti con disabilit\u00e0 per evitare l&#8217;educazione fisica; i bambini con disabilit\u00e0 potrebbero non avere amici con cui giocare; sport inappropriati offerti senza una guida adeguata; costi; sostegno sociale limitato; atteggiamenti sociali negativi nei confronti della disabilit\u00e0 da parte di altri (ad esempio, clienti e personale dei centri ricreativi).<\/p>\n<p><b>Ambientale:<\/b> accessibilit\u00e0 (porte delle palestre troppo strette per l&#8217;accesso delle sedie a rotelle, bagni o spogliatoi inaccessibili); barriere nelle aree esterne (ad esempio percorsi pedonali poco illuminati o alberati, semafori privi di segnali acustici);<sup id=\"cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Martin.2C_2013-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup> trasporti inadeguati; attrezzature non idonee (ad esempio, assenza di sedia da piscina o di cyclette);<sup id=\"cite_ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\">(25)<\/a><\/sup> maltempo.<\/p>\n<p><b>Politico\/organizzativo<\/b>: include barriere come l&#8217;inaccessibilit\u00e0 o l&#8217;inadeguatezza o la mancanza di programmi specifici per le persone con disabilit\u00e0 o lesioni al midollo spinale. Mancanza di personale o di volontari formati\/mancanza di indicazioni da parte del personale su come esercitarsi o adattarsi. Anche la mancanza di attrezzature adeguate pu\u00f2 rientrare in questa categoria. Il livello politico\/organizzativo \u00e8 la barriera meno identificata, ma \u00e8 comunque importante. <sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">(26)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CfcZgprOnIk?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">(27)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Physical_Activity_for_Persons_Living_with_Disability_in_Low-Income_Countries\" class=\"mw-headline\">Attivit\u00e0 fisica per le persone con disabilit\u00e0 nei paesi a basso reddito<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity for Persons Living with Disability in Low-Income Countries\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity for Persons Living with Disability in Low-Income Countries\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La maggior parte delle ricerche condotte sull&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica per le persone con disabilit\u00e0 si concentra sulla popolazione generale e quasi tutti i dati provengono da paesi ad alto reddito. L&#8217;obiettivo futuro deve includere una migliore raccolta di dati nei paesi a basso e medio reddito.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_28-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-28\">(28)<\/a><\/sup> In base alle stime del Global Burden of Disease, la disabilit\u00e0 visiva \u00e8 un fattore decisivo nel predire gli anni vissuti in condizioni di disabilit\u00e0 nei paesi a basso e medio reddito. Uno studio condotto dal 10\/66 Dementia Research Group tra il 2003 e il 2005 in 7 paesi a basso e medio reddito, tra cui Cina, India, Cuba, Repubblica Dominicana, Venezuela, Messico e Per\u00f9, ha riscontrato che la demenza \u00e8 la principale causa di disabilit\u00e0, seguita da ictus, compromissione degli arti, artrite, depressione, problemi alla vista e disturbi gastrointestinali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup> La revisione sistematica degli studi condotti nei paesi a basso e medio reddito ha evidenziato un legame diretto tra povert\u00e0 e disabilit\u00e0.<sup id=\"cite_ref-30\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La partecipazione all&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica delle persone con disabilit\u00e0 che vivono in paesi a basso reddito non \u00e8 stata ben studiata e i dati sono molto limitati.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_28-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-28\">(28)<\/a><\/sup> In base agli studi completi condotti in 46 paesi a basso e medio reddito, le persone con condizioni fisiche croniche e di et\u00e0 superiore ai 50 anni avevano meno probabilit\u00e0 di rispettare le linee guida per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica rispetto agli adulti senza tali condizioni.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_31-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup> I sintomi associati alle condizioni croniche, come la depressione, il dolore e le difficolt\u00e0 di mobilit\u00e0, sono risultati essere delle barriere per una vita attiva.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_31-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Health_Care_Provider\" class=\"mw-headline\">Fornitore di assistenza sanitaria<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Health Care Provider\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Health Care Provider\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Guideline\" class=\"mw-headline\">Linea guida<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Guideline\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Guideline\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u00c8 essenziale che i fisioterapisti e gli altri operatori sanitari conoscano le linee guida generali per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica, in quanto vengono applicate anche alle persone con disabilit\u00e0. Gli adulti con disabilit\u00e0 hanno maggiori probabilit\u00e0 di praticare attivit\u00e0 fisica se questa \u00e8 raccomandata dai medici. Pertanto, se ricevevano una raccomandazione di fare attivit\u00e0 fisica, avevano l&#8217;82% di probabilit\u00e0 in pi\u00f9 di essere fisicamente attivi rispetto a coloro a cui non veniva raccomandata l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica.<sup id=\"cite_ref-CDC.2C_2014_32-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-CDC.2C_2014-32\">(32)<\/a><\/sup> I fisioterapisti e altri professionisti della salute possono utilizzare i 5 passi illustrati nel grafico sottostante per aumentare l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica nelle persone con disabilit\u00e0:<\/p>\n<div class=\"center\">\n<div class=\"floatnone\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Infographic_970px.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fe\/Infographic_970px.jpg\/500px-Infographic_970px.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fe\/Infographic_970px.jpg\/750px-Infographic_970px.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/f\/fe\/Infographic_970px.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Infographic 970px.jpg\" width=\"500\" height=\"647\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Interaction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Interazione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Interaction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Interaction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Punti generali da considerare quando si interagisce con persone con disabilit\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Se non siete sicuri su come comportarvi quando interagite con il paziente, chiedete<\/li>\n<li>Parlare direttamente con il vostro paziente invece di rivolgervi a un accompagnatore o a un interprete, se presente<\/li>\n<li>Rispettate i dispositivi di assistenza dei vostri pazienti, come stampelle o sedie a rotelle, in quanto di loro propriet\u00e0 personale, che di norma non dovrebbero essere spostati a meno che non siate autorizzati a farlo<\/li>\n<li>Considerate il tempo supplementare che il vostro paziente potrebbe impiegare per i trasferimenti o la preparazione<\/li>\n<li>Non date mai per scontato che il vostro paziente abbia bisogno del vostro aiuto. Offrite la vostra assistenza e attendete una risposta e delle indicazioni specifiche<\/li>\n<li>Evitate di fare ipotesi generiche, ma cercate invece di conoscere le esigenze, le preferenze e le capacit\u00e0 individuali del vostro paziente<sup id=\"cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2017_17-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2017-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Non appoggiate, toccate o regolate la sedia a rotelle delle persone senza il loro permesso, poich\u00e9 \u00e8 considerata un&#8217;estensione del loro corpo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Promoting_Physical_Activity\" class=\"mw-headline\">Promuovere l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Promoting Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Promoting Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Exercises\" class=\"mw-headline\">Esercizi<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Exercises\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Exercises\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Potete trovare <u><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nchpad.org\/Articles\/7\/Disability~Condition\" rel=\"nofollow\">qui<\/a><\/u> delle schede che descrivono varie disabilit\u00e0 e condizioni di salute, nonch\u00e9 considerazioni e raccomandazioni per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica, l&#8217;esercizio fisico e la salute in generale associate a ciascuna condizione.<\/p>\n<p>Potete trovare <u><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.thearc.org\/2014\/04\/18\/healthmeet-top-5-exercises-people-intellectual-developmental-disabilities\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">qui<\/a><\/u> 5 facili esercizi generali per le persone con disabilit\u00e0 intellettive e dello sviluppo.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Inclusive_Fitness_Trainer\" class=\"mw-headline\">Inclusive Fitness Trainer<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Inclusive Fitness Trainer\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Inclusive Fitness Trainer\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Negli Stati Uniti, un Inclusive Fitness Trainer (certificato dall&#8217;American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) e dal National Center on Health, Physical Activity and Disability (NCHPAD)), \u00e8 un professionista del fitness qualificato in modo esclusivo per lavorare con persone che presentano rischi per la salute e\/o limitazioni fisiche. Conosce l&#8217;attuale politica della legge antidiscriminazione e cre una programmazione di esercizi adattata che promuove un allenamento sicuro ed efficace. L&#8217;obiettivo \u00e8 quello di mettere in grado le persone con disabilit\u00e0 di raggiungere i loro obiettivi di fitness.<sup id=\"cite_ref-ACSM.2C_2015_33-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-ACSM.2C_2015-33\">(33)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Campaign:_How_I_Walk\" class=\"mw-headline\">Campagna: How I walk (come cammino)<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Campaign: How I Walk\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Campaign: How I Walk\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&#8220;How I Walk \u00e8 un movimento che mira a ribattezzare la parola camminare sfidando le prospettive individuali e della societ\u00e0&#8221;.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2015-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Si tratta di un invito all&#8217;azione per promuovere gli spostamenti a piedi e le comunit\u00e0 percorribili a piedi.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2015-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Special_Olympics_and_Paralympics\" class=\"mw-headline\">Giochi olimpici e paralimpici speciali<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Special Olympics and Paralympics\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Special Olympics and Paralympics\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.specialolympics.org\/?_ga=2.243353989.162139132.1636942248-1998362862.1636942248\" rel=\"nofollow\">Special Olympics<\/a> \u00e8 la pi\u00f9 grande organizzazione sportiva al mondo per persone con disabilit\u00e0 intellettive. Esistono programmi in 169 paesi con pi\u00f9 di 4,7 milioni di atleti e oltre un milione di volontari. Attraverso la gioia dello sport, mira a trasformare le vite e a creare un nuovo mondo di inclusione. <sup id=\"cite_ref-Special_Olympics.2C_2017_34-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-Special_Olympics.2C_2017-34\">(34)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>I <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.paralympic.org\" rel=\"nofollow\">Giochi Paralimpici<\/a> sono uno dei pi\u00f9 grandi eventi sportivi internazionali. I primi Giochi Paralimpici ufficiali risalgono al 1960 e vi parteciparono 23 Paesi. Erano 162 le nazioni rappresentate alle Paralimpiadi estive del 2020.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Sport_Organisations\" class=\"mw-headline\">Organizzazioni sportive<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Sport Organisations\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Sport Organisations\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.iwasf.com\/iwasf\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">International Wheelchair &amp; Amputee Sports Federation<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.paralympic.org\/the-ipc\" rel=\"nofollow\">International Paralympic Committee<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.englandathletics.org\/disability-athletics\/disability-sports-organisations\" rel=\"nofollow\">National Disability Sport Organisations in the UK<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Promoting_Physical_Activity_in_Low-Income_Countries\" class=\"mw-headline\">Promuovere l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica nei paesi a basso reddito<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Promoting Physical Activity in Low-Income Countries\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Promoting Physical Activity in Low-Income Countries\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Le campagne di promozione dell&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica nei paesi a basso reddito devono includere:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fattori legati allo stile di vita<\/li>\n<li>Outcome di salute fisica<\/li>\n<li>Vincoli economici<\/li>\n<li>Interventi primari e secondari sostenibili<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_31-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le strategie proposte sono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Educazione sull&#8217;importanza delle attivit\u00e0 fisiche<\/li>\n<li>Formazione del personale medico sulla valutazione dei livelli di attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/li>\n<li>Impiego dei principi cognitivo-comportamentali, come la definizione degli obiettivi e la risoluzione dei problemi quando si parla dell&#8217;importanza delle attivit\u00e0 fisiche<\/li>\n<li>Sviluppo di un gruppo eterogeneo di operatori: formatori, ricercatori e clinici comportamentali<\/li>\n<li>Approccio di cura a tappe che inizi con l&#8217;autogestione. Se questo approccio fallisce, continuare con un approccio manuale e supervisionato, condotto da un operatore non specializzato, seguito da attivit\u00e0 con un supervisore specializzato se il dolore o i problemi di mobilit\u00e0 impediscono il completamento delle attivit\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li>Studi di efficacia sugli interventi di attivit\u00e0 fisica<\/li>\n<li>Conduzione di analisi costi-benefici per quantificare le implicazioni finanziarie e scegliere le risorse in modo appropriato, seguite da ricerche a livello politico<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;impegno del governo nel sensibilizzare il pubblico sull&#8217;importanza delle attivit\u00e0 fisiche<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;impegno del governo nel fornire un ambiente appropriato per l&#8217;attivit\u00e0 fisica<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_31-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">Citazioni<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-0\">1.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_1-1\">1.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Facts &amp; Figures: Disabilities in developing countries. SciDevNet 2019. Available at: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.scidev.net\/global\/features\/facts-figures-disabilities-in-developing-countries\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.scidev.net\/global\/features\/facts-figures-disabilities-in-developing-countries\/<\/a>. Accessed 15.11.2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2015-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-0\">2.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-1\">2.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2015_2-2\">2.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">NCHPAD. How I Walk. About How I Walk. 2015 (cited 21\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nchpad.org\/howiwalk\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.nchpad.org\/howiwalk\/<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-3\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. People with disabilities in Australia. Available at: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/disability\/people-with-disability-in-australia\/contents\/people-with-disability\/prevalence-of-disability\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.aihw.gov.au\/reports\/disability\/people-with-disability-in-australia\/contents\/people-with-disability\/prevalence-of-disability<\/a>. Accessed 14.11.2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">The World Bank. Disability Inclusion. Available at: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/disability\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/disability<\/a>. Accessed 14.11.2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-p3-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-p3_5-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disability Overview. 2015 (cited 22\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/disability.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/disability.html<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Rimmer JH, Schiller W, Chen MD. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/acsm-essr\/Fulltext\/2012\/01000\/Effects_of_Disability_Associated_Low_Energy.5.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow\">Effects of disability-associated low energy expenditure deconditioning syndrome<\/a>. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2012 Jan;40(1):22-9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-p2-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-p2_7-0\">7.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-p2_7-1\">7.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">US Department of Health and Human Services. I can do it you can do it. 2017 (cited 22\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fitness.gov\/participate-in-programs\/i-can-do-it-you-can-do-it\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.fitness.gov\/participate-in-programs\/i-can-do-it-you-can-do-it\/<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-p4-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-p4_8-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Increasing Physical Activity among Adults with Disabilities. 2016 (cited 22\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/pa.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/pa.html<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_9-0\">9.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_9-1\">9.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">de Hollander EL, Proper KI.<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/reader.elsevier.com\/reader\/sd\/pii\/S221133551830072X?token=756FBF9F509D45AB4BE2591DBBC287B8CE5D8C68502FED70E344E87741E954936A5C273C9C44851AC05316CDC61D46CE&amp;originRegion=eu-west-1&amp;originCreation=20211115003757\" rel=\"nofollow\">Physical activity levels of adults with various physical disabilities<\/a>.Preventive Medicine Reports 2018; 10:370-376<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1424733\/pdf\/pubhealthrep00100-0016.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: definitions and distinctions for health-related research.<\/a> Public Health Rep. 1985 Mar-Apr;100(2):126-31.<\/span> <\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-WHO.2C_2017-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017_11-0\">11.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017_11-1\">11.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">WHO. Physical Activity Fact sheet (Internet). 2021. Available from: <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs385\/en\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs385\/en\/.<\/a> Accessed 14.11.2021<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-WHO.2C_2017a-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-WHO.2C_2017a_12-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">WHOa. Prevalence of insufficient physical activity (Internet). 2017 (cited 23\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/gho\/ncd\/risk_factors\/physical_activity_text\/en\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/gho\/ncd\/risk_factors\/physical_activity_text\/en\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">JPhysical Activity in Disabled Person. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kkPCPA5oUSg\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=kkPCPA5oUSg<\/a> (last accessed 14\/11\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Mendes MdA, da Silva I, Ramires V, Reichert F, Martins R, Ferreira R, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0200701\" rel=\"nofollow\">Metabolic equivalent of task (METs) thresholds as an indicator of physical activity intensity<\/a>. 2018,PLoS ONE 13(7): e0200701.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Sylvia LG, Bernstein EE, Hubbard JL, Keating L, Anderson EJ. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3915355\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Practical guide to measuring physical activity<\/a>. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014 Feb;114(2):199-208. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-gov.uk.2C_2014-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-gov.uk.2C_2014_16-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Gov.uk. Inclusive language: words to use and avoid when writing about disability. 2014 (cited 23\/02\/2017). <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/inclusive-communication\/inclusive-language-words-to-use-and-avoid-when-writing-about-disability\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/inclusive-communication\/inclusive-language-words-to-use-and-avoid-when-writing-about-disability<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NCHPAD.2C_2017-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2017_17-0\">17.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCHPAD.2C_2017_17-1\">17.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">NCHPAD. fckLRfckLRDisability Awareness: Interaction Tips for the Fitness Professional. Regole generali. 2017 (cited 21\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nchpad.org\/615\/2567\/Disability~Awareness~~Interaction~Tips~for~the~Fitness~Professional\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.nchpad.org\/615\/2567\/Disability~Awareness~~Interaction~Tips~for~the~Fitness~Professional<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-CDC.2C_2015-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-CDC.2C_2015_18-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disability Overview. 2015 (cited 22\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/disability.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/disabilityandhealth\/disability.html<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Martin.2C_2013-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-0\">19.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-1\">19.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-Martin.2C_2013_19-2\">19.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Martin JJ. Benefits and barriers to physical activity for individuals with disabilities: a social-relational model of disability perspective. Disability and Rehabilitation 2013; Researchgate<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Thomas.2C_2004-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Thomas.2C_2004_20-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Thomas C. How is disability understood? An examination of sociological approaches. Disabil Soc 2004;19:569\u201383.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> WeThe15. Available from: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ng6mT_EJy2Q\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Ng6mT_EJy2Q<\/a> (last accessed 26\/12\/2025)<\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Mohamed Galal. Benefits of sport and physical activity for the disabled. Available from: Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=w2-LSUF7-TU\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=w2-LSUF7-TU<\/a> (last accessed 15\/11\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Jaarsma_et_al..2C_2014-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Jaarsma_et_al..2C_2014_23-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Jaarsma EA, Dijkstra PU, Geertzen JHB, Dekker R. Barriers to and facilitators of sports participation for people with physical disabilities: A systematic review. 2014. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine &amp; Science in Sports, 24 (6), 871-881<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Wadey R, Melissa Day M. A longitudinal examination of leisure-time physical activity following amputation in England.Psychology of Sport and Exercise 2018; 37: 251-261<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Smith B, Sparkes AC. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/6107\/3\/DisabilitySportAndPhysicalActivityAM-SPARKES.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Disability, sport, and physical activity<\/a>. Routledge Handbook of Disability Studies (2nd edition) 2019. Routledge, London: 391-403.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Vermaak, C. Spinal Cord Injury &#8211; Benefits, Barriers and Guidelines for Physical Activity. Physioplus Course. 2022<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Judson Laipply. The Evolution of Dance. Available from: Beyond empower. Breaking Barriers &#8211; Equipment as a barrier to disabled people keeping active. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=CfcZgprOnIk\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=CfcZgprOnIk<\/a> (last accessed 15\/11\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:2-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_28-0\">28.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_28-1\">28.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Martin Ginis KA, van der Ploeg HP, Foster Ch, Lai B, McBride CB, Ng K et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/lancet\/PIIS0140-6736(21)01164-8.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Participation of people living with disabilities in physical activity: a global perspective<\/a>. The Lancet. Series: Physical activity, 2021, 398(10298): 443-455. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Sousa RM, Ferri CP, Acosta D, Albanese E, Guerra M, Huang Y et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/pdfs\/journals\/lancet\/PIIS0140-6736(09)61829-8.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Contribution of chronic diseases to disability in elderly people in countries with low and middle incomes: a 10\/66 Dementia Research Group population-based survey<\/a>. Lancet 2009;374:1821-30<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-30\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Banks LM, Kuper H, Polack S. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0189996\" rel=\"nofollow\">Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review<\/a>. PLoS ONE 2017;12(12): e0189996.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:3-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_31-0\">31.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_31-1\">31.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_31-2\">31.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_31-3\">31.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Vancampfort D, Koyanagi A, Ward PB, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5241915\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Chronic physical conditions, multimorbidity and physical activity across 46 low- and middle-income countries.<\/a> Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017; 14: 6.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-CDC.2C_2014-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-CDC.2C_2014_32-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Adults with Disabilities &#8211; Physical activity is for everybody. 2014 (cited 21\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vitalsigns\/disabilities\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vitalsigns\/disabilities\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-ACSM.2C_2015-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-ACSM.2C_2015_33-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">ACSM. ACSM\/NCHPAD Certified Inclusive Fitness Trainer. 2015 (cited 21\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/certification.acsm.org\/acsm-inclusive-fitness-trainer\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/certification.acsm.org\/acsm-inclusive-fitness-trainer<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-Special_Olympics.2C_2017-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-Special_Olympics.2C_2017_34-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Special Olympics. What We Do. 2017 (cited 22\/02\/2017). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/www.specialolympics.org\/Sections\/What_We_Do\/What_We_Do.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.specialolympics.org\/Sections\/What_We_Do\/What_We_Do.aspx<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20220725180402\nCache expiry: 0\nDynamic content: true\nComplications: ()\nCPU time usage: 0.155 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.168 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 515\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 184\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 3\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 23103\/5000000 bytes\n--><br \/>\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%   32.179      1 Special:Contributors\/Physical_Activity_in_Individuals_with_Disabilities\n100.00%   32.179      1 -total\n--><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Redazione originale &#8211; Clara Hildt Contributori principali &#8211; Ewa Jaraczewska, Tarina van der Stockt, Kim Jackson, Rachael Lowe, Lucinda hampton, Jess Bell, Mariam Hashem, Simisola Ajeyalemi, Rucha Gadgil, Merinda Rodseth, Admin, Evan Thomas, George Prudden, Michelle Lee and WikiSysop Contenuti 1 Introduzione 2 Disabilit\u00e0 e salute 3 Attivit\u00e0 fisica 3.1 Definizione 3.2 Metodi di misurazione [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2303","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2303"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13407,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2303\/revisions\/13407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}