{"id":1428,"date":"2022-07-09T14:24:38","date_gmt":"2022-07-09T14:24:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/functional-anatomy-of-the-hip-muscles-and-fascia-it\/"},"modified":"2025-12-02T19:23:01","modified_gmt":"2025-12-02T19:23:01","slug":"functional-anatomy-of-the-hip-muscles-and-fascia-it","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/functional-anatomy-of-the-hip-muscles-and-fascia-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Anatomia funzionale dell&#8217;anca &#8211; Muscoli e fascia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\">\n<p><b>Redattrice &#8211; <\/b> <a title=\"User:Ewa Jaraczewska\" href=\"\/User:Ewa_Jaraczewska\">Ewa Jaraczewska<\/a> sulla base del corso di <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/instructor\/rina-pandya\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rina Pandya<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Contributori principali<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Ewa Jaraczewska\" href=\"\/User:Ewa_Jaraczewska\"><bdi>Ewa Jaraczewska<\/bdi><\/a> e <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenuti<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Description\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Descrizione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Muscles\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Muscoli<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#External_Rotators\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Rotatori esterni<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Attachments:\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.1.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Function:\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.1.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Internal_Rotators\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Rotatori interni<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Attachments:_2\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Function:_2\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.2.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Abductors\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Abduttori<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Function:_3\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.3.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Adductors\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Adduttori<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Attachments:_3\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.4.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Function:_4\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.4.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Flexors\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Flessori<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#Attachments\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.5.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-16\"><a href=\"#Function:_5\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.5.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-17\"><a href=\"#Extensors\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Estensori<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-18\"><a href=\"#Attachments:_4\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.6.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-19\"><a href=\"#Function:_6\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.6.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Funzione:<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-20\"><a href=\"#Inversion_of_muscular_action\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2.7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Inversione dell&#8217;azione muscolare<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-21\"><a href=\"#Fascia\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Fascia<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-22\"><a href=\"#Clinical_relevance\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Rilevanza clinica<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-23\"><a href=\"#Resources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Risorse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Description\" class=\"mw-headline\">Descrizione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Description\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Description\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Una teoria ipotizza che il corpo umano abbia due sistemi muscolari: locale e globale. Il sistema muscolare locale agisce in prossimit\u00e0 dell&#8217;asse articolare, fornisce la compressione dell&#8217;articolazione ed \u00e8 responsabile della stabilit\u00e0 dell&#8217;articolazione. Le grandi forze prodotte dai muscoli e le piccole variazioni della loro lunghezza creano una compressione articolare, producendo cos\u00ec una stabilizzazione attiva dell&#8217;articolazione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Il sistema globale contiene muscoli superficiali che generano un momento meccanico maggiore e un braccio del momento pi\u00f9 ampio.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Tuttavia, sono l&#8217;architettura muscolare e la linea d&#8217;azione a determinare il ruolo primario dei muscoli.<\/p>\n<p>Le attivit\u00e0 quotidiane richiedono che l&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca resista a forze elevate. Questo \u00e8 possibile grazie al contributo dei singoli muscoli che circondano l&#8217;articolazione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> La stabilit\u00e0 attiva fornita dai muscoli dell&#8217;anca pu\u00f2 aumentare la stabilit\u00e0 passiva sia nell&#8217;anca normale che in quella con anomalie strutturali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Muscles\" class=\"mw-headline\">Muscoli<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Muscles\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Muscles\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;Ci sono 22 muscoli che garantiscono la stabilit\u00e0 in corrispondenza dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca, per darle una mobilit\u00e0 a 360 gradi. \u00c8 un&#8217;enorme responsabilit\u00e0 mantenere la stabilit\u00e0 dell&#8217;articolazione sferica&#8221;. <i>Rina Pandya<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/59\/Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/300px-Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/59\/Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/450px-Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/59\/Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/600px-Deep_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Rotatori esterni dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"External_Rotators\" class=\"mw-headline\">Rotatori esterni <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: External Rotators\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: External Rotators\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span id=\"Attachments:\" class=\"mw-headline\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><a title=\"Quadratus Femoris\" href=\"\/Quadratus_Femoris\">Quadrato del femore<\/a>: dalla tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica alla cresta intertrocanterica del femore.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"l'otturatore interno\" href=\"\/Obturator_Internus\">Otturatore interno<\/a> ed <a title=\"l'otturatore esterno\" href=\"\/Obturator_Externus\">esterno<\/a>: membrana otturatoria e ramo ischiopubico fino al grande trocantere (interno) o alla fossa intertrocanterica del femore (esterno).<\/p>\n<p>Gemelli (<a title=\"Gemellus Superior\" href=\"\/Gemellus_Superior\">superiore<\/a> e <a title=\"Gemellus Inferior\" href=\"\/Gemellus_Inferior\">inferiore<\/a>): spina ischiatica (superiore) o tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica (inferiore) fino al grande trocantere e al tendine dell&#8217;otturatore interno.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Piriformis\" href=\"\/Piriformis\">Piriforme<\/a>: superficie anteriore del sacro e del legamento sacrotuberoso fino al grande trocantere.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Stabilizzatori attivi dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca. Un ruolo primario di questi muscoli \u00e8 quello di stabilizzare la testa del femore nell&#8217;acetabolo.<\/li>\n<li>Quando i rotatori esterni profondi vengono resecati in un&#8217;artroplastica dell&#8217;anca con approccio chirurgico posteriore, vi \u00e8 un aumento del tasso di dislocazione della protesi e di deficit funzionali. Con le riparazioni capsulari, il tasso di dislocazione \u00e8 pi\u00f9 basso.<\/li>\n<li>La <b>rotazione esterna<\/b> con <b>estensione<\/b> dell&#8217;anca contro resistenza attiva il <a title=\"Piriformis\" href=\"\/Piriformis\">piriforme<\/a>, ma la sua linea di forza non favorisce l&#8217;aumento della compressione dell&#8217;articolazione.<\/li>\n<li>Se l&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca \u00e8 rigida in rotazione esterna e il paziente non \u00e8 in grado di sollevare la gamba e mettersi il calzino, ci\u00f2 potrebbe indicare una tensione del piriforme. Inoltre, il paziente potrebbe lamentare un dolore lancinante nella regione della natica.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Internal_Rotators\" class=\"mw-headline\">Rotatori interni<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Internal Rotators\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Internal Rotators\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span id=\"Attachments:_2\" class=\"mw-headline\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c6\/1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png\/300px-1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c6\/1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png\/450px-1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c6\/1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png\/600px-1122_Gluteal_Muscles_that_Move_the_Femur_a.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"324\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Tensore della fascia lata<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a title=\"Tensor Fascia Lata\" href=\"\/Tensor_Fascia_Lata\">Tensore della fascia lata (TFL)<\/a>: dalla spina iliaca antero-superiore al tratto iliotibiale, tra gli strati profondi e superficiali della banda iliotibiale.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Gluteus Medius\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Medius\">Gluteo medio<\/a>: la superficie esterna dell&#8217;ilio, tra la cresta iliaca e le linee glutee anteriori e posteriori fino al grande trocantere. Il muscolo ha tre segmenti: anteriore, posteriore, medio o superficiale, ciascuno con un orientamento specifico delle fibre muscolari.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Gluteus Minimus\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Minimus\">Piccolo gluteo<\/a>: la superficie esterna dell&#8217;ilio, tra le linee glutee anteriori e posteriori fino al grande trocantere.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:_2\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Il <i>TFL<\/i> lavora in diversi piani di movimento: assiste nell&#8217;<i>abduzione dell&#8217;anca<\/i> nel piano frontale, esegue la <i>flessione dell&#8217;anca<\/i> nel piano sagittale, completa la <i>rotazione interna<\/i> nel piano trasversale insieme al medio gluteo anteriore e al piccolo gluteo.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><i>Il TFL<\/i> ha un&#8217;elasticit\u00e0 limitata, che limita il rigonfiamento dei muscoli della coscia e, quindi, aiuta a contenerli in modo che possano contrarsi in modo efficiente.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il <i>medio gluteo<\/i> e il <i>piccolo gluteo<\/i> sono abduttori primari e <i>aiutano nella rotazione interna<\/i>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/da\/Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/300px-Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/da\/Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/450px-Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/da\/Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png\/600px-Intermediate_muscles_of_the_gluteal_region_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Abduttore dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Abductors\" class=\"mw-headline\">Abduttori<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Abductors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Abductors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a title=\"Gluteus Minimus\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Minimus\">Piccolo gluteo<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Gluteus Medius\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Medius\">Medio gluteo<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Tensor Fascia Lata\" href=\"\/Tensor_Fascia_Lata\">Tensore della fascia lata<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Piriformis\" href=\"\/Piriformis\">Piriformis<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Vedere sopra per i punti di inserzione.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:_3\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Le funzioni del <i>piccolo gluteo<\/i> comprendono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stabilizzazione dell&#8217;anca e della pelvi attraverso la modulazione della capsula articolare.<\/li>\n<li>Stabilizzazione della testa del femore nell&#8217;acetabolo.<\/li>\n<li>Rotazione e flessione dell&#8217;anca.<\/li>\n<li>Prevenzione della dislocazione anteriore e della migrazione della testa del femore in direzione superiore e mediale.<\/li>\n<li>Ruolo propriocettivo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i>Medio gluteo<\/i>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c8 un abduttore primario dell&#8217;anca.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Stabilizza la pelvi e l&#8217;anca.<\/li>\n<li>Impedisce l&#8217;adduzione della pelvi in appoggio monopodalico.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c8 un importante stabilizzatore della pelvi sull&#8217;anca, poich\u00e9 si contrae prima e dopo il contatto del piede, indipendentemente dalla velocit\u00e0 di camminata.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i>Piriforme<\/i>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ruota esternamente (lateralmente) il femore durante l&#8217;estensione dell&#8217;anca e <b>abduce<\/b> il femore durante la <b>flessione dell&#8217;anca.<\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Agisce come muscolo ausiliario e mostra una coattivazione durante la contrattura dei muscoli del pavimento pelvico.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/41\/Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg\/300px-Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/41\/Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg\/450px-Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/41\/Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg\/600px-Shutterstock_1940505490.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Adduttori dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Adductors\" class=\"mw-headline\">Adduttori<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Adductors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Adductors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span id=\"Attachments:_3\" class=\"mw-headline\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><a title=\"Adduttore lungo\" href=\"\/Adductor_Longus\">Adduttore lungo<\/a>: osso pubico tra la cresta e la sinfisi fino alla linea aspra del femore.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;<a title=\"Adductor Brevis\" href=\"\/Adductor_Brevis\">adduttore breve<\/a>: corpo e ramo inferiore del pube fino alla linea aspra del femore.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Adductor Magnus\" href=\"\/Adductor_Magnus\">Grande adduttore<\/a>: tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica e ramo inferiore del pube fino alla linea aspra e al tubercolo dell&#8217;adduttore.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Gracilis\" href=\"\/Gracilis\">Gracile<\/a>: dal ramo pubico inferiore al lato mediale della tuberosit\u00e0 tibiale.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Pectineus Muscle\" href=\"\/Pectineus_Muscle\">Pettineo:<\/a> linea pettinea del pube e del tubercolo pubico fino alla linea pettinea del femore.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:_4\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Gli adduttori dell&#8217;anca contribuiscono alle prestazioni di equilibrio statico.<sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;<i>adduttore lungo<\/i> fornisce una certa <i>rotazione mediale<\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>Il <i>grande adduttore<\/i> <i>estende l&#8217;anca<\/i> tramite il suo punto di inserzione sulla tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica.<\/li>\n<li>Nell&#8217;attivazione in catena cinetica aperta, la funzione principale degli adduttori dell&#8217;anca \u00e8 l&#8217;adduzione dell&#8217;anca.<\/li>\n<li>Nell&#8217;attivazione in catena cinetica chiusa, gli adduttori dell&#8217;anca contribuiscono a <i>stabilizzare la pelvi e l&#8217;arto inferiore<\/i> durante la fase di appoggio del passo.<\/li>\n<li>I ruoli secondari degli <b>adduttori dell&#8217;anca<\/b> includono la <b>flessione e la rotazione dell&#8217;anca<\/b>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il <i>gracile<\/i> e il <i>semitendinoso<\/i> creano i tendini congiunti noti come <a title=\"Pes Anserinus Bursitis\" href=\"\/Pes_Anserinus_Bursitis\">pes anserinus<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b1\/Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png\/300px-Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b1\/Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png\/450px-Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/b\/b1\/Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png\/600px-Muscles_of_the_iliac_region_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Flessori dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Flexors\" class=\"mw-headline\">Flessori<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Flexors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Flexors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span id=\"Attachments\" class=\"mw-headline\">Dispositivi medici:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Attachments\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Attachments\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>L&#8217;<a title=\"Ileopsoas\" href=\"\/Iliopsoas\">ileopsoas<\/a> ha tre porzioni:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Iliacus\" href=\"\/Iliacus\">Iliaco<\/a>: bordo laterale del sacro e della fossa iliaca fino al piccolo trocantere del femore.<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Psoas Major\" href=\"\/Psoas_Major\">Grande psoas<\/a>: processi trasversi delle vertebre T12-L5 fino al piccolo trocantere del femore.<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Psoas Minor\" href=\"\/Psoas_Minor\">Piccolo psoas<\/a>: corpi vertebrali di T12-L1 fino al ramo iliopubico.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a title=\"Rectus Femoris\" href=\"\/Rectus_Femoris\">Retto femorale<\/a>: spina iliaca antero-inferiore, bordo superiore dell&#8217;acetabolo femorale fino alla base della rotula.<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f0\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png\/300px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f0\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png\/450px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f0\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png\/600px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_anterior_compartment_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Flessori dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a title=\"Sartorius\" href=\"\/Sartorius\">Sartorio<\/a>: dalla spina iliaca antero-superiore al lato mediale superiore della tibia.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Tensor Fascia Lata\" href=\"\/Tensor_Fascia_Lata\">Tensore della fascia lata<\/a>: vedere sopra.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:_5\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Il <i>grande psoas<\/i> e l&#8217;<i>iliaco<\/i> sono innervati separatamente. Sono attivi durante tutta la flessione dell&#8217;anca.<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;<i>iliaco<\/i> ed entrambi i <i>muscoli dello psoas<\/i> hanno un ruolo simile a quello dei muscoli della cuffia dei rotatori nella spalla. Hanno un impatto sulla stabilit\u00e0 dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca creando una tensione nelle unit\u00e0 muscolotendinee quando passano dalla parte anteriore dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il <i>sartorio<\/i> funge sia da <i>flessore del ginocchio<\/i> e dell&#8217;<i>anca<\/i> sia da <i>rotatore esterno dell&#8217;anca<\/i>.<\/li>\n<li>Il <a title=\"Thomas Test\" href=\"\/Thomas_Test\">test di Thomas<\/a> valuta la lunghezza dei flessori dell&#8217;anca. L&#8217;arto controlaterale viene mantenuto in flessione. Quando la flessione di questo arto aumenta, il lato che si sta valutando (se rigido) si sollever\u00e0 dal lettino. Questo sollevamento \u00e8 causato dall&#8217;inclinazione posteriore della colonna vertebrale lombare. Un&#8217;estensione del ginocchio dal lato che si sta valutando indica una rigidit\u00e0 del retto femorale o del sartorio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f9\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png\/300px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f9\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png\/450px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/f9\/Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png\/600px-Muscles_of_the_thigh_posterior_compartment_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Estensori dell&#8217;anca<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Extensors\" class=\"mw-headline\">Estensori<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Extensors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Extensors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h5><span id=\"Attachments:_4\" class=\"mw-headline\">Punti di inserzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Attachments:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><a title=\"Gluteus Maximus\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Maximus\">Grande gluteo<\/a>: ilio, sacro, coccige e legamento sacrotuberoso fino alla tuberosit\u00e0 glutea del femore e alla banda iliotibiale.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Biceps Femoris\" href=\"\/Biceps_Femoris\">Bicipite femorale<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Capo lungo: dalla tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica al condilo tibiale laterale e alla testa del perone.<\/li>\n<li>Copo corto: linea sopracondilare superiore e linea aspra fino al condilo tibiale laterale e alla testa del perone.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a title=\"Semimembranosus\" href=\"\/Semimembranosus\">Semimembranoso<\/a>: dalla tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica alla superficie superiore e mediale della tibia.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Semitendinosus\" href=\"\/Semitendinosus\">Semitendinoso<\/a>: dalla tuberosit\u00e0 ischiatica al condilo mediale della tibia.<\/p>\n<h5><span id=\"Function:_6\" class=\"mw-headline\">Funzione:<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Function:\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Il <i>grande gluteo<\/i> \u00e8 uno dei principali estensori dell&#8217;anca, contribuisce alla rotazione esterna dell&#8217;anca ed \u00e8 il muscolo pi\u00f9 forte e pi\u00f9 grande del corpo.<\/li>\n<li>Le fibre superiori e inferiori del grande gluteo contribuiscono all&#8217;abduzione e all&#8217;adduzione, quindi \u00e8 considerato un muscolo accessorio per questi movimenti.<\/li>\n<li>Il <i>grande gluteo<\/i> \u00e8 soggetto a debolezza e inibizione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il <i>grande gluteo<\/i> origina parzialmente dalla fascia toracolombare. Questo spiega perch\u00e9 problemi alla colonna lombare o addirittura alla giunzione toraco-lombare possono produrre un&#8217;anomalia o un irrigidimento\/debolezza del grande gluteo.<\/li>\n<li>Il capo lungo del <i>bicipite femorale<\/i> \u00e8 il pi\u00f9 frequentemente colpito in una lesione da stiramento del bicipite femorale.<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Inversion_of_muscular_action\" class=\"mw-headline\">Inversione dell&#8217;azione muscolare <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Inversion of muscular action\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Inversion of muscular action\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>I muscoli dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca possono contribuire al movimento in diversi piani, a seconda della posizione dell&#8217;anca. Ci\u00f2 \u00e8 causato da un cambiamento nella relazione tra la linea d&#8217;azione di un muscolo e l&#8217;asse di rotazione dell&#8217;anca, il che significa che i muscoli dell&#8217;anca possono avere funzioni secondarie. Ad esempio, il medio e il piccolo gluteo agiscono come abduttori quando l&#8217;anca \u00e8 estesa e come rotatori interni quando l&#8217;anca \u00e8 flessa. L&#8217;adduttore lungo agisce come flessore a 50\u00b0 di flessione dell&#8217;anca, ma come estensore a 70\u00b0.<sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Fascia\" class=\"mw-headline\">Fascia<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Fascia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Fascia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il concetto di linee <a title=\"Fascia\" href=\"\/Fascia\">fasciali<\/a> spiega ulteriormente la connessione (ossia la continuit\u00e0 miofasciale) tra strutture adiacenti: muscoli, tendini, legamenti. Questo concetto aiuta a spiegare le tensioni e le connessioni specifiche che possono verificarsi in seguito a infortuni, aderenze e cambiamenti posturali.<sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Le <a title=\"Upper Extremity Myofascial Chains\" href=\"\/Upper_Extremity_Myofascial_Chains#Stabilisation_Tracts\">linee fasciali<\/a> e i muscoli dell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca collegati a queste linee sono:<sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linea funzionale anteriore: adduttore lungo<\/li>\n<li>Linea funzionale posteriore: grande gluteo controlaterale<\/li>\n<li>Linea anteriore superficiale: retto femorale<\/li>\n<li>Linea posteriore superficiale: ischiocrurali<\/li>\n<li>Linea laterale: grande gluteo, tensore della fascia lata, tratto iliotibiale\/abduttori dell&#8217;anca<\/li>\n<li>Linea a spirale: tratto iliotibiale, tensore della fascia lata<\/li>\n<li>Linea anteriore profonda: iliaco, psoas, adduttori breve e lungo, adduttori grande e piccolo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Questo video spiega ulteriormente il concetto di linee fasciali:<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LTt1DN3ozAs?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Esempi di connessioni della fascia nell&#8217;articolazione dell&#8217;anca:<sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La fascia degli adduttori dell&#8217;anca prosegue verso la pelvi e influenza i diaframmi urogenitale e pelvico.<\/li>\n<li>La fascia iliaca \u00e8 continua con la fascia pelvica profonda.<\/li>\n<li>La fascia del medio gluteo \u00e8 continua con la fascia degli obliqui addominali all&#8217;altezza della cresta iliaca.<\/li>\n<li>Esiste una continuit\u00e0 fasciale tra l&#8217;otturatore interno e l&#8217;iliaco, che si estende ulteriormente agli obliqui interni e al diaframma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Clinical_relevance\" class=\"mw-headline\">Rilevanza clinica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Clinical relevance\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Clinical relevance\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>La <a title=\"Piriformis Syndrome\" href=\"\/Piriformis_Syndrome\">sindrome del piriforme<\/a> viene descritta come un&#8217;irritazione del nervo sciatico a livello del muscolo piriforme. Presenta una serie di sintomi che coinvolgono l&#8217;anca, il gluteo e la parte superiore della coscia. Tra le possibili cause vi sono traumi, ematomi, un&#8217;eccessiva posizione seduta e variazioni anatomiche del muscolo e del nervo.<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>La debolezza dei muscoli medio gluteo e piccolo gluteo pu\u00f2 presentarsi con un&#8217;andatura di <a title=\"Andatura di Trendelenburg\" href=\"\/Trendelenburg_Gait\">Trendelenburg<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Uno studio ha rilevato che un approccio di mobilizzazione miofasciale esterna, basato sulla connettivit\u00e0 fasciale che comprende posteriormente il gran dorsale omolaterale, la fascia toracolombare omolaterale e il grande gluteo controlaterale, e anteriormente l&#8217;obliquo esterno omolaterale, l&#8217;obliquo interno controlaterale e il complesso degli adduttori dell&#8217;anca, ha portato a un significativo miglioramento dei sintomi della sindrome da dolore pelvico cronico (di tipo spastico muscolare).<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Una rigidit\u00e0 dello psoas pu\u00f2 contribuire al dolore lombare.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span id=\"Resources\" class=\"mw-headline\">Risorse<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-0\">1.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-1\">1.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-2\">1.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-3\">1.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-4\">1.4<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Retchford TH, Crossley KM, Grimaldi A, Kemp JL, Cowan SM. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/ismni.org\/jmni\/pdf\/51\/01RETCHFORD.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Can local muscles augment stability in the hip? A narrative literature review<\/a>. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2013 Mar 1;13(1):1-2.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Correa TA, Crossley KM, Kim HJ, Pandy MG. Contributions of individual muscles to hip joint contact force in normal walking. Journal of biomechanics. 2010 May 28;43(8):1618-22.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-3\">3.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-4\">3.4<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Pandya R. Anatomy of the Hip Course. Physioplus. 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Besomi Molina M. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/espace.library.uq.edu.au\/data\/UQ_faa2512\/s4448975_phd_thesis.pdf?dsi_version=c89c7bc7d3c2aa1f7baf5f94dd139f58&amp;Expires=1645651232&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJKNBJ4MJBJNC6NLQ&amp;Signature=Z-bcaV2dAbyx7rLyKjlyLGsaWRtC7f8UPHqVsNzbHloHrH~Xf75lrhKEM1wOf8aQlqLgxGLRm1RZLMP6mX7ABwYdWG1cB-VAR-7pFSx8Fp-JFBTjqx5iRnEar9ohdaqyDsgWTB2pWNIoJXKze1Ja3RvBpoGrIDTBrRzFYVB9oOPsWNQu08jpyWv8DjvuN-FYc~heC2~anGXwldgmEYmAnrVbdimPUreWAnhsR8lobvn25zOTnM7HSFCy5LuMDwwxKRl-Gn3vyG2Q8cFVfb3INpF0fjO6lJtZGEqBFOefqoypD5-8msaFq51kgAkfpQVD3ncWDN3YhOBBWTy4Jw2S5A__\" rel=\"nofollow\">Towards the investigation of the tensor fascia lata muscle and iliotibial band function in runners: the relevance of the why and the how<\/a>. The University of Queensland, Australia. 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International Urogynecology Journal. 2021 Nov 29:1-7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Porto JM, Freire Junior RC, Bocarde L, Fernandes JA, Marques NR, Rodrigues NC, de Abreu DC. Contribution of hip abductor\u2013adductor muscles on the static and dynamic balance of community-dwelling older adults. Ageing clinical and experimental research. 2019 May;31(5):621-7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Kiel J, Kaiser K. Adductor strain. 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International journal of sports physical therapy<\/a>. 2019 Jul;14(4):655.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Llurda-Almuzara L, Labata-Lezaun N, L\u00f3pez-de-Celis C, Aiguad\u00e9-Aiguad\u00e9 R, Roman\u00ed-S\u00e1nchez S, Rodr\u00edguez-Sanz J, Fern\u00e1ndez-de-Las-Pe\u00f1as C, P\u00e9rez-Bellmunt A. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/18\/16\/8733\/htm\" rel=\"nofollow\">Biceps femoris activation during hamstring strength exercises: a systematic review<\/a>. 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Sports Rehab Expert (accessed 29 November 2021). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sportsrehabexpert.com\/public\/472.cfm\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.sportsrehabexpert.com\/public\/472.cfm<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CatFitGlobal.Myofascial Lines. 2012. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LTt1DN3ozAs&amp;t=64s\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LTt1DN3ozAs&amp;t=64s<\/a> (last accessed 24\/02\/2022)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Schultz RL, Feitis R. The endless web. Fascial anatomy and physical reality. 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Arab J Urol. 2021 Jul 26;19(3):394-400. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \nNewPP limit report\nCached time: 20220708135229\nCache expiry: 0\nDynamic content: true\nComplications: ()\nCPU time usage: 0.107 seconds\nReal time usage: 0.113 seconds\nPreprocessor visited node count: 354\/1000000\nPost\u2010expand include size: 101\/2097152 bytes\nTemplate argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes\nHighest expansion depth: 3\/40\nExpensive parser function count: 0\/100\nUnstrip recursion depth: 0\/20\nUnstrip post\u2010expand size: 10412\/5000000 bytes\n--><br \/>\n<!--\nTransclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template)\n100.00%   11.342      1 Special:Contributors\/Functional_Anatomy_of_the_Hip-Muscles_and_Fascia\n100.00%   11.342      1 -total\n--><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Redattrice &#8211; Ewa Jaraczewska sulla base del corso di Rina Pandya Contributori principali &#8211; Ewa Jaraczewska e Jess Bell Contenuti 1 Descrizione 2 Muscoli 2.1 Rotatori esterni 2.1.1 Punti di inserzione: 2.1.2 Funzione: 2.2 Rotatori interni 2.2.1 Punti di inserzione: 2.2.2 Funzione: 2.3 Abduttori 2.3.1 Funzione: 2.4 Adduttori 2.4.1 Punti di inserzione: 2.4.2 Funzione: 2.5 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1428","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1428","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1428"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13256,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1428\/revisions\/13256"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}