{"id":11641,"date":"2025-01-05T16:35:09","date_gmt":"2025-01-05T16:35:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-it\/"},"modified":"2025-01-23T16:00:54","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T16:00:54","slug":"juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-it","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Artrite idiopatica giovanile"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\">\n<p><b>Redazione originale <\/b>&#8211; Emily Betz <a title=\"Fisiopatologia dei problemi complessi del paziente\" href=\"\/Pathophysiology_of_Complex_Patient_Problems\">dal progetto Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems della Bellarmine University.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Contributori principali<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Emily Betz\" href=\"\/User:Emily_Betz\"><bdi>Emily Betz<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Lucinda hampton\" href=\"\/User:Lucinda_hampton\"><bdi>Lucinda hampton<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Ines Musabyemariya\" href=\"\/User:Ines_Musabyemariya\"><bdi>Ines Musabyemariya<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Admin\" href=\"\/User:Admin\"><bdi>Admin<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Naomi O'Reilly\" href=\"\/User:Naomi_O%27Reilly\"><bdi>Naomi O&#8217;Reilly<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Khloud Shreif\" href=\"\/User:Khloud_Shreif\"><bdi>Khloud Shreif<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Elaine Lonnemann\" href=\"\/User:Elaine_Lonnemann\"><bdi>Elaine Lonnemann<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Wendy Walker\" href=\"\/User:Wendy_Walker\"><bdi>Wendy Walker<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:George Prudden\" href=\"\/User:George_Prudden\"><bdi>George Prudden<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:WikiSysop\" href=\"\/User:WikiSysop\"><bdi>WikiSysop<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Meaghan Rieke\" href=\"\/User:Meaghan_Rieke\"><bdi>Meaghan Rieke<\/bdi><\/a> e <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Mande Jooste\" href=\"\/User:Mande_Jooste\"><bdi>Mande Jooste<\/bdi><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenuti<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduzione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Aetiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Eziologia<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Epidemiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Epidemiologia<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Characteristics_and_Clinical_Presentation\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Caratteristiche e presentazione clinica<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Diagnostic_Tests\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Test diagnostici<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Pathology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Patologia<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Differential_Diagnosis\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Diagnosi differenziale<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Management\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Gestione<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Pharmacology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\"><b>Farmacologia<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Physiotherapy_Management\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Gestione fisioterapica<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Other_Professionals_involved_in_Managment_of_Juvenile_Arthritis\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Altri professionisti coinvolti nella gestione dell&#8217;artrite giovanile<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">10<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Citazioni<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduzione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L&#8217;artrite idiopatica giovanile (JIA) \u00e8 un termine utilizzato per descrivere tipi di artrite di causa sconosciuta, i cui sintomi durano per pi\u00f9 di 6 settimane, in soggetti di et\u00e0 inferiore ai 16 anni al momento dell&#8217;esordio.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La JIA varia in termini di gravit\u00e0. Colpisce le articolazioni e altre strutture come gli occhi, la pelle e gli organi,<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> e pu\u00f2 essere suddivisa nei seguenti sottotipi:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Oligoarticolare<\/li>\n<li>Poliarticolare<\/li>\n<li>Sistemica<\/li>\n<li>Psoriasica<\/li>\n<li>Legata all&#8217;entesite<\/li>\n<li>Indifferenziata<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Aetiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Eziologia<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Aetiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Aetiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L&#8217;eziologia della JIA non \u00e8 chiara.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> Sono stati proposti diversi fattori, tra cui:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Associazioni genetiche, fattori genetici classificati in: geni HLA e geni non HLA.\n<ul>\n<li>Le molecole HLA di classe II (A2, DRB1, DPB1) sono associate ad alcuni tipi di JIA non sistemica, mentre la JIA sistemica non \u00e8 legata ai geni HLA<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Fattori autoimmuni.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>I fattori ambientali (ad esempio agenti infettivi, antibiotici, stress, etc.) potrebbero essere fattori di rischio.\n<ul>\n<li>fattori materni (ad esempio il fumo)<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup>) potrebbero essere coinvolti, ma l&#8217;allattamento al seno o avere fratelli o sorelle potrebbe ridurre il rischio<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Virus infettivi (ad esempio, virus di Epstein-Barr, Parvovirus B) e batteri (ad esempio, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp.) sono stati collegati allo sviluppo della JIA; inoltre, vaccinazioni, antibiotici, carenza di vitamina D, stress e traumi potrebbero essere fattori causali.<\/li>\n<li>Le infezioni gastrointestinali che determinano una ridotta diversit\u00e0 del microbioma intestinale e disturbi nel metabolismo del triptofano possono aumentare la suscettibilit\u00e0 a sviluppare l&#8217;artrite legata all&#8217;entesite (ERA).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Epidemiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Epidemiologia<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La JIA \u00e8 la condizione reumatologica cronica eterogenea pi\u00f9 comune nei bambini.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup> Si stima che circa 3 milioni di bambini e giovani adulti siano affetti da JIA. Si ritiene che la prevalenza globale sia compresa tra 3,8 e 400\/100.000; l&#8217;incidenza \u00e8 stimata tra 1,6 e 23\/100.000.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_4-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le femmine sono pi\u00f9 esposte al rischio di JIA rispetto ai maschi<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_4-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il sottotipo oligoarticolare \u00e8 pi\u00f9 frequente<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_4-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Characteristics_and_Clinical_Presentation\" class=\"mw-headline\">Caratteristiche e presentazione clinica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modifica la sezione: Caratteristiche e presentazione clinica\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Modifica la sezione: Caratteristiche e presentazione clinica\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">fonte edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 233px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Anterior-uveitis.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/66\/Anterior-uveitis.jpg\/231px-Anterior-uveitis.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/6\/66\/Anterior-uveitis.jpg\/347px-Anterior-uveitis.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/6\/66\/Anterior-uveitis.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"231\" height=\"153\" data-file-width=\"360\" data-file-height=\"238\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Uveite anteriore<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>I sintomi della JIA variano a seconda del tipo di artrite.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup> Ha un decorso imprevedibile: pu\u00f2 essere autolimitante o causare danni articolari. Ma c&#8217;\u00e8 uno schema generale di malattia infiammatoria articolare in una o pi\u00f9 articolazioni:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sinovite<\/li>\n<li>Versamento articolare<\/li>\n<li>Gonfiore dei tessuti molli<\/li>\n<li>Osteopenia<\/li>\n<li>Edema osseo, erosioni<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Alcune caratteristiche della JIA dipendono dall&#8217;et\u00e0 del bambino colpito (ad esempio il coinvolgimento delle placche di accrescimento epifisarie, la fusione precoce della diafisi o lo sviluppo di discrepanze nella lunghezza degli arti).<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Gli individui potrebbero anche avere:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dolore e rigidit\u00e0, compresa la rigidit\u00e0 mattutina<\/li>\n<li>Fatica<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Febbre\" href=\"\/Fever\">Febbre<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Eruzione cutanea<\/li>\n<li>Sensazione di malessere generale (malessere)<\/li>\n<li>Uveite (si veda immagine)<\/li>\n<li>Diminuzione del range di movimento e contratture dei tessuti molli<\/li>\n<li>Atrofia muscolare<\/li>\n<li>Debolezza o riduzione della resistenza muscolare<\/li>\n<li>Deviazioni del passo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Diagnostic_Tests\" class=\"mw-headline\">Test diagnostici<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Tests\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Tests\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">modifica sorgente<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Non esiste un test definitivo per diagnosticare la JIA,<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> quindi la JIA \u00e8 una diagnosi basata sull&#8217;esclusione. Spesso vengono incluse le seguenti valutazioni:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Storia medica<\/li>\n<li>Esame fisico<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Blood Tests\" href=\"\/Blood_Tests\">Esami di laboratorio<\/a>: si ritiene che i tipici marcatori infiammatori siano comuni, in particolare nell&#8217;oligoartrite<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Diagnostica per immagini\/imaging\n<ul>\n<li>radiografia per le articolazioni sintomatiche (nelle fasi iniziali della JIA non ci sono cambiamenti rilevabili ai raggi X, ma potrebbero essere presenti segni indiretti, aumento della densit\u00e0 dei tessuti molli, etc.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>ecografia<\/li>\n<li>risonanza magnetica (il gold standard)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Esame degli occhi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Pathology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Patologia<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modifica la sezione: Patologia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Modifica la sezione: Patologia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 374px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:JIA-prevalence.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d6\/JIA-prevalence.jpg\/372px-JIA-prevalence.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/d\/d6\/JIA-prevalence.jpg 1.5x\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"399\" data-file-width=\"384\" data-file-height=\"412\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p><b>Figura.2<\/b> Prevalenza dei principali sottotipi di JIA<sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Esistono diversi sottotipi di JIA:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>JIA oligoarticolare (nota anche come pauciarticolare)\n<ul>\n<li>colpisce quattro o meno articolazioni nei primi sei mesi della malattia<\/li>\n<li>l&#8217;et\u00e0 di picco per la JIA oligoarticolare \u00e8 di 1-6 anni<\/li>\n<li>pi\u00f9 comune nelle donne<\/li>\n<li>tende a colpire le articolazioni medie e grandi<\/li>\n<li>rischio di uveite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>JIA poliarticolare\n<ul>\n<li>colpisce pi\u00f9 di 5 articolazioni<\/li>\n<li>le et\u00e0 di picco per la JIA poliarticolare sono 1-4 anni e 7-10 anni<\/li>\n<li>pi\u00f9 comune nelle donne<\/li>\n<li>tende ad avere un impatto sulle articolazioni piccole e medie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>JIA ad insorgenza sistemica\n<ul>\n<li>nota anche come malattia di Still<\/li>\n<li>associata a febbre, altri segni di infiammazione sistemica e artrite<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>l&#8217;artrite potrebbe iniziare settimane o mesi dopo i sintomi iniziali<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_10-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>colpisce in egual misura le femmine e i maschi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>JIA <a title=\"Artrite psoriasica\" href=\"\/Psoriatic_Arthritis\">psoriasica<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>provoca la psoriasi e l&#8217;artrite infiammatoria (queste possono svilupparsi in tempi diversi)<\/li>\n<li>pi\u00f9 comune nelle donne<\/li>\n<li>si verifica nei bambini in et\u00e0 prescolare e a circa 10 anni<\/li>\n<li>tende a colpire i polsi, le dita delle mani e dei piedi, ma non solo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>JIA legata all&#8217;entesite\n<ul>\n<li>infiammazione delle entesi<\/li>\n<li>pi\u00f9 comune nei maschi<\/li>\n<li>tende a verificarsi nei bambini\/adolescenti pi\u00f9 grandi<\/li>\n<li>associazione con uveite acuta<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>JIA indifferenziata\n<ul>\n<li>JIA che non rientra in un&#8217;altra categoria<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span id=\"Differential_Diagnosis\" class=\"mw-headline\">Diagnosi differenziale<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Differential Diagnosis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Differential Diagnosis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">fonte di modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Le condizioni che potrebbero essere prese in considerazione in una diagnosi differenziale includono:<sup id=\"cite_ref-eMedicine_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-eMedicine-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-NCBI_13-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NCBI-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/index.php5?title=Lyme_Disease\" rel=\"nofollow\">Lyme Disease<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Febbre reumatica<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/index.php5?title=Osteomyelitis\" rel=\"nofollow\">Osteomielite<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMH0001450\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Artrite psoriasica<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Malattia infiammatoria intestinale<\/li>\n<li>Leucemia<\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/406697-overview#a01\" rel=\"nofollow\">Malattia di Caffey<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMH0001133\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Granuloma eosinofilo cronico<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMH0001400\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Osteoporosi<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Artrite settica<\/li>\n<li>Sinovite transitoria dell&#8217;anca<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YGO9pAIhoJg?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Management\" class=\"mw-headline\">Gestione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Pharmacology\" class=\"mw-headline\"><b>Farmacologia<\/b><\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modificare la sezione: Farmacologia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Modificare la sezione: Farmacologia\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La scelta del farmaco dipende dal tipo e dalla gravit\u00e0 della JIA e dalla presenza di altre condizioni. I farmaci pi\u00f9 comuni includono analgesici, farmaci antinfiammatori non steroidei (<a title=\"I FANS nella gestione dell'artrite reumatoide\" href=\"\/NSAIDs_in_the_Management_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis\">FANS<\/a>), corticosteroidi, farmaci antireumatici modificanti la malattia, farmaci <a title=\"I BDMARD nella gestione dell'artrite reumatoide\" href=\"\/BDMARDs_in_the_Management_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis\">biologici<\/a> e biosimilari e colliri.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_6-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Physiotherapy_Management\" class=\"mw-headline\">Gestione fisioterapica<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Physiotherapy Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Physiotherapy Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">fonte edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Gli interventi fisioterapici si concentrano sul mantenimento della funzione e della forza articolare e sull&#8217;insegnamento di strategie di conservazione articolare. I programmi di esercizio fisico dovrebbero includere esercizi in carico del peso corporeo e a basso impatto (ad esempio programmi acquatici o in bicicletta, esercizi contro resistenza leggera).<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La riabilitazione potrebbe includere:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_8-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-eMedicine_12-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-eMedicine-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Strength Training\" href=\"\/Strength_Training\">rinforzo<\/a><\/li>\n<li>esercizi di <a title=\"Range di movimento\" href=\"\/Range_of_Motion\">range di movimento<\/a> e <a title=\"Stretching\" href=\"\/Stretching\">stretching<\/a><\/li>\n<li>educazione alla protezione articolare e alle tecniche di riduzione del dolore<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Aderenza ai programmi di esercizio domestico\" href=\"\/Adherence_to_Home_Exercise_Programs\">programma di esercizi a casa<\/a><\/li>\n<li>tecniche di rilassamento muscolare<\/li>\n<li>stecche\/ortesi per aiutare a mantenere l&#8217;allineamento delle ossa e delle articolazioni\/prevenire le deformit\u00e0<sup id=\"cite_ref-NIAMS_15-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-NIAMS-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>attrezzature adattive<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Alcune modalit\u00e0 che potrebbero essere utilizzate per aiutare sintomi come il dolore includono:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Ultrasound therapy\" href=\"\/Ultrasound_therapy\">ecografia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>immersioni nella cera di paraffina (soprattutto per mani e piedi)<\/li>\n<li>impacchi umidi<a title=\"Termoterapia\" href=\"\/Thermotherapy\">(impacchi caldi<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Acquaterapia\" href=\"\/Aquatherapy\">idroterapia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>impacchi freddi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Other_Professionals_involved_in_Managment_of_Juvenile_Arthritis\" class=\"mw-headline\">Altri professionisti coinvolti nella gestione dell&#8217;artrite giovanile<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modifica la sezione: Altri professionisti coinvolti nella gestione dell'artrite giovanile\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">modifica<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Modifica la sezione: Altri professionisti coinvolti nella gestione dell'artrite giovanile\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">fonte edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La JIA \u00e8 una malattia infiammatoria cronica che colpisce bambini e adolescenti. \u00c8 importante notare che una diagnosi tempestiva e un trattamento adeguato sono fondamentali per prevenire danni articolari e promuovere una crescita e uno sviluppo sani<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_16-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Per via della sua natura complessa e diversificata, un team di professionisti sanitari esperti di varie discipline dovrebbe valutare e gestire regolarmente la JIA. Sebbene non esista una cura per la JIA, \u00e8 possibile ottenere outcome clinici migliori. I nuovi farmaci biologici antireumatici modificanti la malattia hanno trattato efficacemente i casi pi\u00f9 gravi, ma comportano un aumento del rischio di infezioni<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_16-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup>. La British Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Rheumatology ha pubblicato gli standard di cura per i bambini e i ragazzi con JIA. Nella gestione della JIA \u00e8 fondamentale il coinvolgimento di pi\u00f9 professionisti sanitari, compresi i medici e gli operatori sanitari alleati (AHP)<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_16-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup>. Un team di professionisti sanitari esperti multidisciplinari, come medici di famiglia, reumatologi, infermieri, fisioterapisti, terapisti occupazionali, podologi e assistenti sociali, dovrebbe fornire una gestione completa della JIA, che comprenda il trattamento farmacologico, la fisioterapia\/terapia occupazionale, l&#8217;istruzione e la consulenza<sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">Citazioni<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Rigante D, Bosco A, Esposito S. The Etiology of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015 Oct;49(2):253-61.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:3-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-0\">2.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-1\">2.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-2\">2.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-3\">2.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Zaripova LN, Midgley A, Christmas SE, Beresford MW, Baildam EM, Oldershaw RA. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12969-021-00629-8\" rel=\"nofollow\">Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: from aetiopathogenesis to therapeutic approaches<\/a>. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2021 Aug 23;19(1):135. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-3\">3.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-4\">3.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-5\">3.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-6\">3.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-7\">3.7<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-8\">3.8<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-9\">3.9<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Thatayatikom A, Modica R, De Leucio A. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK554605\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis<\/a>. (Updated 2023 Jan 16). In: StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:4-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_4-0\">4.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_4-1\">4.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_4-2\">4.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_4-3\">4.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_4-4\">4.4<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Al-Mayouf SM, Al Mutairi M, Bouayed K, Habjoka S, Hadef D, Lotfy HM, Scott C, Sharif EM, Tahoun N. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12969-021-00650-x\" rel=\"nofollow\">Epidemiology and demographics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Africa and Middle East<\/a>. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2021 Dec 2;19(1):166. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Fran\u00e7a CMP, Sallum AM, Silva CAA, Aikawa NE, Braga AL, Farhat SC. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jrheum.org\/content\/45\/2\/248\" rel=\"nofollow\">Risk factors for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: exposure to tobacco and environmental factors during and before pregnancy<\/a>. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014 Sep 17;12(Suppl 1):P27. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:2-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-0\">6.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-1\">6.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-2\">6.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-3\">6.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-4\">6.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_6-5\">6.5<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">better Health <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/arthritis-juvenile\" rel=\"nofollow\">Juvenile Arthritis<\/a> Available: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/arthritis-juvenile\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au\/health\/conditionsandtreatments\/arthritis-juvenile<\/a>(accessed 18.10.2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/health-topics\/juvenile-arthritis\/basics\/symptoms-causes\" rel=\"nofollow\">Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) Basics<\/a>. (last accessed 1 May 2023).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:5-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_8-0\">8.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_8-1\">8.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_8-2\">8.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Eskay K. Paediatric Conditions \u2013 Autism, Developmental Coordination Disorder, Spina Bifida, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Haemophilia Course. Plus, 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Goodman C, Fuller K. Pathology: Implications for the Physical Therapist. 3rd ed. . St. Louis, MO: Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc, 2009.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_10-0\">10.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_10-1\">10.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Radiopedia <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis\" rel=\"nofollow\">JIA<\/a> Available: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis<\/a> (accessed 18.10.2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Hedrich CM, G\u00fcnther C, Aringer M. Morbus Still im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter (Still&#8217;s disease in children and adults). Z Rheumatol. 2017 Sep;76(7):595-608. German. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-eMedicine-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-eMedicine_12-0\">12.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-eMedicine_12-1\">12.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">eMedicine. Disease fact sheet: juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/409980-overview\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/409980-overview<\/a> (accessed 10 March 2011)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NCBI-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-NCBI_13-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> Crow A, Cheung A, Lam A, Ho E. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC5024870\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Sonography for the investigation of a child with a limp<\/a>. Australas J Ultrasound Med. 2010 Aug;13(3):23-30.<\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-14\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Bosques G, Singh MP. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (Internet). 2011, updated 2020 (cited 1 May 2023). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/now.aapmr.org\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis\/#rehabilitation-management-and-treatments\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/now.aapmr.org\/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis\/#rehabilitation-management-and-treatments<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-NIAMS-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-NIAMS_15-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Health information: juvenile arthritis. <a class=\"external free\" href=\"http:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/Health_Info\/Juv_Arthritis\/default.asp\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.niams.nih.gov\/Health_Info\/Juv_Arthritis\/default.asp<\/a> (accessed 10 March 2011)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:6-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_16-0\">16.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_16-1\">16.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_16-2\">16.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Zaripova, L.N., Midgley, A., Christmas, S.E. <i>et al.<\/i> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12969-021-00629-8\" rel=\"nofollow\">Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: from aetiopathogenesis to therapeutic approaches<\/a>. <i>Pediatr Rheumatol<\/i> 19, 135 (2021).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Upadhyay J, Lemme J, Cay M, Van Der Heijden H, Sibai D, Goodlett B, Lo J, Hoyt K, Taylor M, Hazen MM, Halyabar O, Meidan E, Schreiber R, Chang MH, Nigrovic PA, Jaimes C, Henderson LA, Ecklund K, Sundel RP. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/34139523\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">A multidisciplinary assessment of pain in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.<\/a> Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2021 Aug;51(4):700-711. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:7-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_18-0\">18.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_18-1\">18.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Fingerhutova, S., Saifridova, M., Vranova, M. <i>et al.<\/i> <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/1546-0096-12-S1-P177\" rel=\"nofollow\">Is there an evidence for the role of multidisciplinary team in the management of active juvenile idiopathic arthritis?.<\/a> <i>Pediatr Rheumatol<\/i> 12 (Suppl 1), P177 (2014).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20240612110525 Cache expiry: 0 Reduced expiry: true Complications: (show\u2010toc) CPU time usage: 0.121 seconds Real time usage: 0.134 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 401\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 82\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/100 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 15278\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 20.777 1 Special:Contributors\/Juvenile_Idiopathic_Arthritis 100.00% 20.777 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Redazione originale &#8211; Emily Betz dal progetto Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems della Bellarmine University. Contributori principali &#8211; Emily Betz, Lucinda hampton, Jess Bell, Ines Musabyemariya, Admin, Naomi O&#8217;Reilly, Kim Jackson, Khloud Shreif, Elaine Lonnemann, Wendy Walker, George Prudden, WikiSysop, Meaghan Rieke e Mande Jooste Contenuti 1 Introduzione 2 Eziologia 3 Epidemiologia 4 Caratteristiche e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11641","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11641"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11808,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11641\/revisions\/11808"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}