{"id":11327,"date":"2024-11-24T21:36:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-24T21:36:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-and-revised-gmfcs-er\/"},"modified":"2024-11-26T08:53:27","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T08:53:27","slug":"gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-and-revised-gmfcs-er-it","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-and-revised-gmfcs-er-it\/","title":{"rendered":"Gross Motor Function Classification System &#8211; Expanded and Revised (GMFCS-ER)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\">\n<p><b>Redazione originale <\/b> &#8211; <a title=\"User:Evan Thomas\" href=\"\/User:Evan_Thomas\">Evan Thomas<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Contributori principali<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Evan Thomas\" href=\"\/User:Evan_Thomas\"><bdi>Evan Thomas<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Amrita Patro\" href=\"\/User:Amrita_Patro\"><bdi>Amrita Patro<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Robin Tacchetti\" href=\"\/User:Robin_Tacchetti\"><bdi>Robin Tacchetti<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Laura Ritchie\" href=\"\/User:Laura_Ritchie\"><bdi>Laura Ritchie<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Amanda Ager\" href=\"\/User:Amanda_Ager\"><bdi>Amanda Ager<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"Utente:Carina Therese Magtibay\" href=\"\/User:Carina_Therese_Magtibay\"><bdi>Carina Therese Magtibay<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Sehriban Ozmen\" href=\"\/User:Sehriban_Ozmen\"><bdi>Sehriban Ozmen<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink\" title=\"Speciale:Contributi\/127.0.0.1\" href=\"\/Special:Contributions\/127.0.0.1\"><bdi>127.0.0.1<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Oyemi Sillo\" href=\"\/User:Oyemi_Sillo\"><bdi>Oyemi Sillo<\/bdi><\/a> , <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Naomi O'Reilly\" href=\"\/User:Naomi_O%27Reilly\"><bdi>Naomi O&#8217;Reilly<\/bdi><\/a> e <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:WikiSysop\" href=\"\/User:WikiSysop\"><bdi>WikiSysop<\/bdi><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenuti<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduzione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Intended_Population\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Popolazione di destinazione<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Method_of_Use\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Metodo di utilizzo<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Evidence\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Evidenze<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Resources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Risorse<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Citazioni<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduzione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il Gross Motor Function Classification System &#8211; Expanded &amp; Revised (GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R) (Sistema di Classificazione della Funzione Motoria Grossolana &#8211; Esteso &amp; Rivisto (GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R)) \u00e8 stato sviluppato nel 2007. Si basa sulla versione originale del Gross Motor Function Classification System del 1997.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Classifica i bambini con paralisi cerebrale in base alla loro funzione motoria grossolana iniziata in maniera indipendente.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Questo sistema di classificazione a cinque livelli si concentra sulla mobilit\u00e0 in carrozzina, sulla deambulazione e sulla posizione seduta. Un bambino viene classificato in base alla sua capacit\u00e0 di svolgere determinate attivit\u00e0 funzionali e alla sua necessit\u00e0 di tecnologie assistive (come bastoni, stampelle o deambulatori) o di mobilit\u00e0 in carrozzina.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R esamina anche la qualit\u00e0 del movimento, ma in modo molto meno dettagliato.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R si concentra sulla determinazione di quale dei cinque livelli rappresenti meglio le &#8220;attuali capacit\u00e0 e limitazioni della funzione motoria grossolana&#8221; del bambino.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> Prende in considerazione le attivit\u00e0 abituali, come le performance del bambino a scuola, a casa e in comunit\u00e0, piuttosto che ci\u00f2 che pu\u00f2 fare al meglio. Pertanto, fa una distinzione tra ci\u00f2 che <i>fanno<\/i> e non tra le loro <i>capacit\u00e0<\/i>. La classificazione si basa sulle performance attuali della funzione motoria grossolana e non dovrebbe considerare alcun giudizio sulla prognosi.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Intended_Population\" class=\"mw-headline\">Popolazione di destinazione<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modificare la sezione: Popolazione prevista\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Modificare la sezione: Popolazione prevista\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">fonte edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Questo sistema di classificazione \u00e8 destinato a bambini e ragazzi con paralisi cerebrale. La versione rivista (GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R) include cinque fasce d&#8217;et\u00e0. Le fasce d&#8217;et\u00e0 sono: meno di 2 anni, 2-4 anni, 4-6 anni, 6-12 anni e 12-18 anni.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> Il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R \u00e8 disponibile in 22 lingue ed \u00e8 stato validato in molti paesi diversi. Il suo scopo \u00e8 quello di classificare la funzione, non \u00e8 uno strumento diagnostico.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Method_of_Use\" class=\"mw-headline\">Metodo di utilizzo<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modificare la sezione: Modalit\u00e0 di utilizzo\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">modifica<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Modificare la sezione: Modalit\u00e0 di utilizzo\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">modifica fonte<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Fisioterapisti, terapisti occupazionali, medici e altri fornitori di servizi sanitari e riabilitativi che conoscono le capacit\u00e0 di movimento dei bambini con paralisi cerebrale possono utilizzare il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R. Anche i genitori\/caregiver di bambini con paralisi cerebrale possono classificare i propri figli utilizzando una versione adattata nota come GMFCS Family Report Questionnaire.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Gli operatori sanitari che conoscono un bambino possono in genere classificarlo in 5 minuti utilizzando il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R. Chi non conosce il bambino potrebbe aver bisogno di 15-20 minuti per completare la classificazione, poich\u00e9 \u00e8 necessaria una maggiore osservazione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La distinzione tra i livelli del GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R \u00e8 solitamente abbastanza chiara. Tuttavia, \u00e8 importante notare che ad alcune et\u00e0 \u00e8 pi\u00f9 difficile distinguere tra livelli adiacenti, quindi potrebbe essere necessario pi\u00f9 tempo per classificare un bambino.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>I livelli sono i seguenti:<sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Livello I<\/b>: in grado di camminare senza limitazioni<\/li>\n<li><b>Livello II<\/b>: in grado di camminare con limitazioni (ad esempio, limitazioni dell&#8217;equilibrio, della resistenza)<\/li>\n<li><b>Livello III<\/b>: in grado di camminare utilizzando un ausilio manuale per la mobilit\u00e0 (potrebbe utilizzare un supporto aggiuntivo, come una sedia a rotelle, per distanze pi\u00f9 lunghe e all&#8217;aperto)<\/li>\n<li><b>Livello IV<\/b>: la mobilit\u00e0 autonoma \u00e8 limitata &#8211; potrebbe essere trasportato in una sedia a rotelle manuale o potrebbe utilizzare un ausilio elettrico per la mobilit\u00e0<\/li>\n<li><b>Livello V<\/b>: trasportato in sedia a rotelle manuale<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Reid et al.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> notano che un bambino classificato di livello I sar\u00e0 in grado di svolgere le stesse attivit\u00e0 dei suoi coetanei, ma la sua velocit\u00e0, il suo equilibrio o la sua coordinazione potrebbero essere compromessi. Tuttavia, un bambino classificato come di Livello V avr\u00e0 difficolt\u00e0 a raggiungere il controllo volontario dei movimenti e il controllo della testa e del tronco \u00e8 compromesso in molte posizioni.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_7-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Evidence\" class=\"mw-headline\">Evidenze<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Modificare la sezione: Prove\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Modificare la sezione: Prove\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C&#8217;\u00e8 una forte evidenza dell&#8217;affidabilit\u00e0 e della validit\u00e0 del costrutto del GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R quando viene utilizzato sia dagli operatori sanitari che dalle famiglie\/caregiver,<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup> il che indica che pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato nella ricerca e nella pratica clinica.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Diversi studi hanno dimostrato che la sua affidabilit\u00e0 intra- e inter- \u00e8 &#8220;quasi eccellente&#8221; con un elevato coefficiente di correlazione intraclasse.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Palisano et al.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> hanno utilizzato i metodi di consenso dell&#8217;indagine Delphi (dove il consenso \u00e8 stato definito come &#8220;accordo con una domanda da parte di almeno l&#8217;80% dei partecipanti&#8221;).<sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup>) per confermare la validit\u00e0 del contenuto del GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R.<\/li>\n<li>Il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R non pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato per rilevare cambiamenti nel tempo.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup> Towns et al.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup> osservano che non pu\u00f2 essere utilizzato come misura di outcome per verificare la progressione o i cambiamenti dopo il trattamento e non \u00e8 destinato a condizioni diverse dalla paralisi cerebrale.<\/li>\n<li>Sebbene il GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R sia stato considerato una misura stabile, \u00e8 stato riscontrato che il livello GMFCS di un bambino pu\u00f2 cambiare.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_2-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> La ricerca sulla stabilit\u00e0 del GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R \u00e8 in corso.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Gorter et al.<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> hanno riscontrato che i bambini potrebbero dover essere riclassificati dopo 2 anni.<\/li>\n<li>Palisano et al.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup> hanno riscontrato una maggiore stabilit\u00e0 del GMFCS rispetto al Manual Ability Classification System e al Communication Function Classification System.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_12-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup> Tuttavia, raccomandano anche di ripetere la classificazione nel tempo e notano che i bambini pi\u00f9 piccoli hanno maggiori probabilit\u00e0 di richiedere una riclassificazione.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_12-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Resources\" class=\"mw-headline\">Risorse<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/42-gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-revised-gmfcs-e-r\" rel=\"nofollow\">CanChild GMFCS-ER Resources<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/canchild.ca\/system\/tenon\/assets\/attachments\/000\/000\/058\/original\/GMFCS-ER_English.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">GMFCS-ER (English)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/canchild.ca\/system\/tenon\/assets\/attachments\/000\/001\/399\/original\/GMFCS_English_Illustrations.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">GMFCS-ER Descriptors and Illustrations<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/86-use-of-the-gross-motor-function-classification-system-to-optimize-rehabilitation-management-of-children-with-cerebral-palsy\" rel=\"nofollow\">GMFCS in Rehabilitation of Cerebral Palsy<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Gorter JW, Ketelaar M, Rosenbaum P, Helders PJ, Palisano R. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2008.03117.x\" rel=\"nofollow\">Use of the GMFCS in infants with CP: the need for reclassification at age 2 years or older<\/a>. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009 Jan;51(1):46-52.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">Citazioni<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Morris C. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.00005.x\" rel=\"nofollow\">Development of the gross motor function classification system (1997)<\/a>. Developmental Medicine &amp; Child Neurology. 2008 Jan 1;50(1):5-.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:3-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-0\">2.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-1\">2.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-2\">2.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-3\">2.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-4\">2.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_2-5\">2.5<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Nyl\u00e9n E, Grooten WJA. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/01942638.2020.1830915\" rel=\"nofollow\">The stability of the Gross Motor Function Classification System in children with cerebral palsy living in Stockholm and factors associated with change<\/a>. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2021;41(2):138-49. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-3\">3.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-4\">3.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-5\">3.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-6\">3.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-7\">3.7<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><span class=\"reference-text\">Can Child. GMFCS &#8211; E&amp;R<\/span><\/span>Gross Motor Function Classification System &#8211; Expanded &amp; Revised. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/42-gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-revised-gmfcs-e-r\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/42-gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-revised-gmfcs-e-r<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Versfeld, P. Family-Centred Intervention and Early Diagnosis Course. Plus , 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">CanChild. GMFCS-ER Resources. Last Accessed July 17, 2016 from <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/42-gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-revised-gmfcs-e-r\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/canchild.ca\/en\/resources\/42-gross-motor-function-classification-system-expanded-revised-gmfcs-e-r<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Paulson A, Vargus-Adams J. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9067\/4\/4\/30\" rel=\"nofollow\">Overview of four functional classification systems commonly used in cerebral palsy<\/a>. 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Dev Med Child Neurol. 2018 Oct;60(10):1026-32.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20240314071422 Cache expiry: 0 Reduced expiry: true Complications: (show\u2010toc) CPU time usage: 0.063 seconds Real time usage: 0.068 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 248\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 102\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/100 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 10322\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 15.976 1 Special:Contributors\/Gross_Motor_Function_Classification_System_-_Expanded_and_Revised_(GMFCS-ER) 100.00% 15.976 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Redazione originale &#8211; Evan Thomas Contributori principali &#8211; Evan Thomas, Amrita Patro, Jess Bell, Robin Tacchetti, Laura Ritchie, Kim Jackson, Amanda Ager, Carina Therese Magtibay, Sehriban Ozmen, 127.0.0.1, Oyemi Sillo , Naomi O&#8217;Reilly e WikiSysop Contenuti 1 Introduzione 2 Popolazione di destinazione 3 Metodo di utilizzo 4 Evidenze 5 Risorse 6 Citazioni Introduzione(edit | edit [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11327","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11327","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11327"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11327\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11354,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11327\/revisions\/11354"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/it\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11327"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}