{"id":6521,"date":"2023-06-12T13:53:43","date_gmt":"2023-06-12T13:53:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/overview-of-female-pelvic-floor-muscle-anatomy-and-physiology-fr\/"},"modified":"2023-06-13T06:09:11","modified_gmt":"2023-06-13T06:09:11","slug":"overview-of-female-pelvic-floor-muscle-anatomy-and-physiology-fr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/overview-of-female-pelvic-floor-muscle-anatomy-and-physiology-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Vue d&rsquo;ensemble de l&rsquo;anatomie et de la physiologie des muscles du plancher pelvien f\u00e9minin"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\"><b>\u00c9diteur original <\/b>&#8211; <a title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\">Jess Bell<\/a> \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;un cours d&rsquo;<a href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/instructor\/Ibukun-Afolabi\/\">Ibukun Afolabi<\/a><br \/>\n<b>Principaux contributeurs<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a> et <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Rucha Gadgil\" href=\"\/User:Rucha_Gadgil\"><bdi>Rucha Gadgil<\/bdi><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenu<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#The_Pelvic_Floor\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Le plancher pelvien<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Pelvic_Cavity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">La cavit\u00e9 pelvienne<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Pelvic_Floor_Muscles\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Les muscles du plancher pelvien<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Deep_Layer_-_Pelvic_Diaphragm\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Couche profonde &#8211; Diaphragme pelvien<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Middle_Layer_-_Urogenital_Diaphragm_\/_Perineal_Membrane\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Couche interm\u00e9diaire &#8211; Diaphragme urog\u00e9nital \/ Membrane p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Superficial_Layer\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Couche superficielle<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Physiology_of_the_Pelvic_Floor\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">La physiologie du plancher pelvien<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#The_Nine_S's_of_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Physiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Les neuf S de la physiologie des muscles du plancher pelvien<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduction<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Le plancher pelvien n&rsquo;existe pas de mani\u00e8re isol\u00e9e. Il fait partie d&rsquo;un syst\u00e8me complexe qui travaille en synergie avec des structures et des syst\u00e8mes \u00e0 la fois proches et plus \u00e9loign\u00e9s dans le corps, incluant le complexe cheville\/pied, le thorax et complexe respiratoire, le syst\u00e8me nerveux central et le cerveau.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Parce que le corps est un biotensegral dynamique, interconnect\u00e9, reli\u00e9 par des fascias <sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> il est important que les physioth\u00e9rapeutes sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s en sant\u00e9 pelvienne consid\u00e8rent la contribution de tous ces syst\u00e8mes et structures lorsqu&rsquo;ils \u00e9valuent et traitent les probl\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 pelvienne.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior,_segments_highlighted.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ea\/Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior%2C_segments_highlighted.png\/300px-Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior%2C_segments_highlighted.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/e\/ea\/Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior%2C_segments_highlighted.png\/450px-Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior%2C_segments_highlighted.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/e\/ea\/Pelvis_anterior_and_posterior%2C_segments_highlighted.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-file-width=\"600\" data-file-height=\"600\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 1. Os du bassin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"The_Pelvic_Floor\" class=\"mw-headline\">Le plancher pelvien <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: The Pelvic Floor\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: The Pelvic Floor\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png\/300px-Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png\/450px-Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/c\/c9\/Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png\/600px-Ligaments_of_the_pelvis_anterior_aspect_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-file-width=\"990\" data-file-height=\"990\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 2. Ligaments du bassin.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/02\/Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg\/300px-Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/02\/Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg\/450px-Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/0\/02\/Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg\/600px-Pelvic_Floor_Muscles.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"583\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 3. Muscles du plancher pelvien.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Les professionnels de la sant\u00e9 peuvent avoir des avis divergents sur ce qui constitue le plancher pelvien : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S&rsquo;agit-il uniquement des muscles du plancher pelvien ?<\/li>\n<li>Les organes pelviens doivent-ils \u00eatre inclus ?<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;articulation de la hanche fait-elle partie du plancher pelvien ?<\/li>\n<li>Le contenu de la cavit\u00e9 abdominale inf\u00e9rieure est-il \u00e9galement inclus ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pour le physioth\u00e9rapeute sp\u00e9cialiste en sant\u00e9 pelvienne, le plancher pelvien d\u00e9signe la zone situ\u00e9e au bas du bassin, ainsi que l&rsquo;ensemble de son contenu et des structures associ\u00e9es, incluant : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le bassin lui-m\u00eame (figure 1)\n<ul>\n<li>Appel\u00e9 anneau pelvien ou bol pelvien<\/li>\n<li>Comprend les articulations pelviennes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Les organes pelviens\n<ul>\n<li>Vessie, ut\u00e9rus et rectum chez les femmes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Les ligaments pelviens (figure 2)<\/li>\n<li>Le fascia endopelvien et le tissu conjonctif<\/li>\n<li>Les nerfs qui innervent la r\u00e9gion pelvienne, ainsi que les vaisseaux sanguins et le syst\u00e8me lymphatique.<\/li>\n<li>Les organes g\u00e9nitaux externes<\/li>\n<li>La musculature du plancher pelvien (figures 3 et 4)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les physioth\u00e9rapeutes sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s en sant\u00e9 pelvienne sont en mesure de traiter toutes ces structures, directement ou indirectement.<\/p>\n<p>Cette page est consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;anatomie de la musculature du plancher pelvien de la femme. De plus amples informations sur les autres structures du bassin sont disponibles <a title=\"Anatomy of the Pelvic Girdle\" href=\"\/Anatomy_of_the_Pelvic_Girdle\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Pelvic_Cavity\" class=\"mw-headline\">La cavit\u00e9 pelvienne <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Pelvic Cavity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Pelvic Cavity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les cavit\u00e9s abdominale et pelvienne sont d\u00e9limit\u00e9es \u00e0 l&rsquo;avant, en haut, \u00e0 l&rsquo;arri\u00e8re et en bas : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La d\u00e9limitation ant\u00e9rieure est la paroi abdominale<\/li>\n<li>La d\u00e9limitation sup\u00e9rieure est le diaphragme respiratoire<\/li>\n<li>La d\u00e9limitation arri\u00e8re est la colonne vert\u00e9brale<\/li>\n<li>La d\u00e9limitation inf\u00e9rieure est constitu\u00e9 des muscles du plancher pelvien<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Pelvic_Floor_Muscles\" class=\"mw-headline\">Les muscles du plancher pelvien <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Pelvic Floor Muscles\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Pelvic Floor Muscles\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les muscles du plancher pelvien agissent pour fermer l&rsquo;orifice osseux, ce qu&rsquo;ils font compl\u00e8tement en dehors de deux ouvertures sp\u00e9cifiques : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le hiatus urog\u00e9nital\n<ul>\n<li>Contient l&rsquo;ur\u00e8tre et le vagin chez les femmes<\/li>\n<li>Positionn\u00e9 en ant\u00e9rieur<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Le hiatus anal\n<ul>\n<li>Contient le canal anal<\/li>\n<li>Positionn\u00e9 en post\u00e9rieur<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/I87G1dUcZng?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/q0_JAoaM6pU?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Les muscles du plancher pelvien sont divis\u00e9s en trois couches.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9c\/Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png\/300px-Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9c\/Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png\/450px-Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/9\/9c\/Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png\/600px-Muscles_of_the_pelvic_diaphragm_Primal.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-file-width=\"990\" data-file-height=\"990\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 4. Muscles du diaphragme pelvien.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Deep_Layer_-_Pelvic_Diaphragm\" class=\"mw-headline\">Couche profonde &#8211; Diaphragme pelvien <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Deep Layer - Pelvic Diaphragm\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Deep Layer - Pelvic Diaphragm\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La couche la plus profonde des muscles du plancher pelvien est appel\u00e9e diaphragme pelvien (voir figure 4). Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un large harnais de fascias et de muscles en forme d&rsquo;entonnoir, suspendue \u00e0 des points d&rsquo;ancrage osseux dans le petit bassin. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire la zone de la cavit\u00e9 pelvienne situ\u00e9e en dessous de la ligne terminale <sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup>).<\/p>\n<p>Les muscles du diaphragme pelvien sont : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le <b>muscle ischo-coccygien<\/b> (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9 muscle coccygien)\n<ul>\n<li>Il na\u00eet de l&rsquo;\u00e9pine ischiatique et s&rsquo;ins\u00e8re sur la face lat\u00e9rale des vert\u00e8bres coccygiennes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>L&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vateur de l&rsquo;anus<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>Un muscle composite qui est traditionnellement divis\u00e9 en trois parties : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Le <b>pubo-coccygien <\/b>: prend naissance sur la face interne du pubis et s&rsquo;ins\u00e8re sur les vert\u00e8bres sacr\u00e9es inf\u00e9rieures et coccygiennes.<\/li>\n<li>I&rsquo;<b>ilio-coccygien<\/b> : prend naissance au niveau de l&rsquo;arcus tendinous levator ani (ATLA) et fusionne avec le pubo-coccygien.<\/li>\n<li>Le <b>pubo-rectal <\/b>: prend naissance sur la surface interne des c\u00f4t\u00e9s droit et gauche de l&rsquo;os pubien. Les deux muscles se rejoignent derri\u00e8re le rectum pour former un filet musculaire continu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans cette partie profonde du plancher pelvien, il est \u00e9galement possible de palper les muscles obturateur interne et piriforme. Ces muscles ne sont toutefois pas consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme faisant partie du diaphragme pelvien. Il s&rsquo;agit plut\u00f4t de rotateurs de la hanche.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Middle_Layer_-_Urogenital_Diaphragm_.2F_Perineal_Membrane\"><\/span><span id=\"Middle_Layer_-_Urogenital_Diaphragm_\/_Perineal_Membrane\" class=\"mw-headline\">Couche interm\u00e9diaire &#8211; Diaphragme urog\u00e9nital \/ Membrane p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Middle Layer - Urogenital Diaphragm \/ Perineal Membrane\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Middle Layer - Urogenital Diaphragm \/ Perineal Membrane\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La couche interm\u00e9diaire \u00e9tait traditionnellement appel\u00e9e diaphragme urog\u00e9nital, mais elle est aujourd&rsquo;hui souvent d\u00e9sign\u00e9e sous le nom de membrane p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Il existe une controverse sur la question de savoir si cette couche contient : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_10-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Une feuille transversale de muscle appel\u00e9e le muscle p\u00e9rin\u00e9al transverse profond qui se trouve entre un fascia inf\u00e9rieur et un fascia sup\u00e9rieur OU<\/li>\n<li>Trois muscles se rejoigant avec une couche apon\u00e9vrotique inf\u00e9rieure (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire la membrane p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La couche interm\u00e9diaire s&rsquo;\u00e9tend sur le triangle urog\u00e9nital (voir ci-dessous) qui, chez les femmes, abrite les sphincters ur\u00e9tral et vaginal (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire le muscle sphincter ur\u00e9tro-vaginal, le muscle sphincter externe (ou stri\u00e9) de l&rsquo;ur\u00e8tre et le muscle compresseur de l&rsquo;ur\u00e8tre). Ces sphincters ferment l&rsquo;ur\u00e8tre et le vagin et assurent la continence. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup> L&rsquo;ensemble de la couche p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale fournit un soutien suppl\u00e9mentaire aux structures plus profondes du plancher pelvien. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_10-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png\/300px-Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png\/450px-Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/14\/Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png\/600px-Muscle_of_the_Female_Perineum.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"247\" data-file-width=\"875\" data-file-height=\"720\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 5. Muscles de la couche superficielle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span id=\"Superficial_Layer\" class=\"mw-headline\">Couche superficielle <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Superficial Layer\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Superficial Layer\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La couche la plus superficielle (figure 5) des muscles du plancher pelvien est constitu\u00e9e des muscles suivants : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le <b>bulbo-spongieux<\/b> et l&rsquo;<b>ischio-caverneux<\/b> :\n<ul>\n<li>Ces muscles participent au fonctionnement du clitoris pendant l&rsquo;excitation et l&rsquo;orgasme. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Les muscles transverse superficiel du p\u00e9rin\u00e9e<\/b> (appari\u00e9s) :\n<ul>\n<li>Fournissent un soutien suppl\u00e9mentaire au diaphragme urog\u00e9nital<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Le muscle <b>sphincter externe de l\u2019anus<\/b> :\n<ul>\n<li>Muscle circulaire et stratifi\u00e9 qui ferme le canal anal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le p\u00e9rin\u00e9e (corps p\u00e9rin\u00e9al) et les muscles transversaux superficiels du p\u00e9rin\u00e9e se divisent en deux triangles : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le triangle ant\u00e9rieur (appel\u00e9 triangle urog\u00e9nital) : <sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Constitue la moiti\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieure du p\u00e9rin\u00e9e et a la forme d&rsquo;un diamant.<\/li>\n<li>Les angles du triangle sont la symphyse pubienne en avant et les tub\u00e9rosit\u00e9s ischiatiques en arri\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Le triangle post\u00e9rieur (appel\u00e9 triangle anorectal) : <sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Constitue la moiti\u00e9 post\u00e9rieure du p\u00e9rin\u00e9e<\/li>\n<li>Les angles de ce triangle sont la pointe du coccyx en arri\u00e8re et les tub\u00e9rosit\u00e9s ischiatiques en ant\u00e9rolat\u00e9ral.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Physiology_of_the_Pelvic_Floor\" class=\"mw-headline\">La physiologie du plancher pelvien <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Physiology of the Pelvic Floor\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: Physiology of the Pelvic Floor\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">\u00e9diter la source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les muscles du plancher pelvien sont, \u00e0 bien des \u00e9gards, comme n&rsquo;importe quel autre groupe de muscles squelettiques : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ils peuvent se contracter et se d\u00e9tendre<\/li>\n<li>\u00catre raccourci ou allong\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>\u00catre faible ou fort<\/li>\n<li>\u00catre rigide ou souple<\/li>\n<li>Ils peuvent \u00eatre tendus ou bouger de fa\u00e7on dynamique<\/li>\n<li>Ils peuvent \u00eatre coordonn\u00e9s ou manquer de coordination, soit individuellement, soit en relation avec d&rsquo;autres groupes musculaires.<\/li>\n<li>Ils peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9gul\u00e9s normalement ou \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e9r\u00e9gul\u00e9s\u00a0\u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les muscles du plancher pelvien contiennent des fibres \u00e0 contraction rapide et \u00e0 contraction lente. Les fibres \u00e0 contraction lente repr\u00e9sentent 70 % du plancher pelvien. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La forte pr\u00e9valence des fibres \u00e0 contraction lente signifie que ces muscles sont capables de maintenir un certain degr\u00e9 d&rsquo;activation au repos. Ils sont donc consid\u00e9r\u00e9s comme des muscles posturaux. <sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup> Cette activation au repos permet \u00e9galement le maintien de la continence. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Les fibres \u00e0 contraction rapide permettent aux muscles de se contracter volontairement en cas de besoin (par exemple, lors d&rsquo;une augmentation attendue ou inattendue de la pression intra-abdominale). <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"The_Nine_S.27s_of_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Physiology\"><\/span><span id=\"The_Nine_S's_of_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Physiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Les neuf S de la physiologie des muscles du plancher pelvien <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span> <a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: The Nine S's of Pelvic Floor Muscle Physiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">\u00e9diter<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span> <a title=\"Edit section: The Nine S's of Pelvic Floor Muscle Physiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a> <span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Si certains auteurs discutent des cinq S, <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_21-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup> Ibukun Afolabi d\u00e9crit Neuf S : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le <b>soutien <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>La <b>sexualit\u00e9<\/b> (excitation sexuelle et orgasme) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Les muscles superficiels du plancher pelvien provoquent l&rsquo;engorgement et l&rsquo;\u00e9rection du clitoris pendant l&rsquo;excitation. Les muscles du plancher pelvien se contractent et se rel\u00e2chent \u00e9galement de mani\u00e8re rythm\u00e9e pendant l&rsquo;orgasme<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Sphincter <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Les sphincters sont des muscles circulaires &#8211; lorsqu&rsquo;ils se contractent, ils ferment un espace \/ une lumi\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<li>Ils ont un certain degr\u00e9 de tonus au repos, qui est r\u00e9gul\u00e9 par le syst\u00e8me nerveux<\/li>\n<li>Ils peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre contract\u00e9s activement<\/li>\n<li>Ils maintiennent la continence <sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Stabilit\u00e9 <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Les muscles du plancher pelvien jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 dans le syst\u00e8me de stabilisation centrale (on parle ici de la couche musculaire la plus profonde entourant les cavit\u00e9s abdominale et pelvienne, qui comprend le muscle <a title=\"Transversus Abdominis\" href=\"\/Transversus_Abdominis\">transverse de l&rsquo;abdomen<\/a>, le <a title=\"Lumbar Multifidus\" href=\"\/Lumbar_Multifidus\">muscle multifide<\/a>, le diaphragme respiratoire et le plancher pelvien). <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Synergie <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Le plancher pelvien travaille en synergie avec d&rsquo;autres muscles et organes (voir les vid\u00e9os ci-dessous).<\/li>\n<li>En relation avec le diaphragme respiratoire (fonctionne comme un piston) <sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">(24)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Lors de l&rsquo;inspiration, le diaphragme respiratoire se contracte et s&rsquo;aplatit, ce qui pousse les visc\u00e8res vers le bas &#8211; le plancher pelvien absorbe ce mouvement en contractant de mani\u00e8re excentrique.<\/li>\n<li>Lors de l&rsquo;expiration, le diaphragme et le plancher pelvien reviennent \u00e0 leur position initiale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>La glotte, situ\u00e9e au-dessus de ce syst\u00e8me, contr\u00f4le le passage de l&rsquo;air dans les voies respiratoires.<\/li>\n<li>Elle agit aussi en synergie avec le plancher pelvien et le diaphragme. <sup id=\"cite_ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\">(25)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Spring<\/b> (ressort) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Le plancher pelvien doit pouvoir s&rsquo;allonger sous la pression (en particulier lorsque cette pression est inattendue, comme lors d&rsquo;un \u00e9ternuement, ou lorsqu&rsquo;une charge importante est appliqu\u00e9e).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Sump pump<\/b> (action de pompage) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_21-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Le mouvement rythmique des muscles du plancher pelvien cr\u00e9e une action de pompage qui aide \u00e0 faire circuler le sang et la lymphe dans le syst\u00e8me vasculaire, ce qui r\u00e9duit la congestion et le gonflement du bassin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Stretch<\/b> (\u00e9lasticit\u00e9) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Pendant l&rsquo;accouchement, les muscles du plancher pelvien doivent pouvoir s&rsquo;\u00e9tirer<\/li>\n<li>Les muscles du plancher pelvien peuvent atteindre un rapport d&rsquo;\u00e9tirement de 3,26 \u00e0 la fin du deuxi\u00e8me stade de l&rsquo;accouchement. <sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">(26)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Les muscles \u00e9l\u00e9vateurs de l&rsquo;anus s&rsquo;\u00e9tirent \u00e0 plus de 200 % au-del\u00e0 de ce qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le seuil d&rsquo;une l\u00e9sion d&rsquo;\u00e9tirement au cours de la deuxi\u00e8me phase du travail. <sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">(27)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>Somatique <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>R\u00e9f\u00e8re davantage \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tat d&rsquo;\u00eatre du plancher pelvien \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9 qu&rsquo;\u00e0 une fonction sp\u00e9cifique du plancher pelvien.<\/li>\n<li>La \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9alit\u00e9 somatique\u00a0\u00bb du plancher pelvien peut nous \u00e9clairer sur la relation entre l&rsquo;esprit, le corps, le cerveau et le comportement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mLFfZfm7O7c?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\">(28)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4dS7bc_4Mx0?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-0\">1.00<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-1\">1.01<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-2\">1.02<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-3\">1.03<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-4\">1.04<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-5\">1.05<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-6\">1.06<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-7\">1.07<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-8\">1.08<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-9\">1.09<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-10\">1.10<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-11\">1.11<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-12\">1.12<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-13\">1.13<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-14\">1.14<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-15\">1.15<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-16\">1.16<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-17\">1.17<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-18\">1.18<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-19\">1.19<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-20\">1.20<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-21\">1.21<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-22\">1.22<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-23\">1.23<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-24\">1.24<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-25\">1.25<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-26\">1.26<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-27\">1.27<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Afolabi I. Overview of Female Pelvic Floor Muscle Anatomy and Physiology Course. Plus , 2021.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-2\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Scarr G. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bodyworkmovementtherapies.com\/article\/S1360-8592(19)30230-X\/fulltext\" rel=\"nofollow\">Biotensegrity: what is the big deal?<\/a> J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020;24(1):134-7. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Chaudhry SR, Nahian A, Chaudhry K. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Pelvis. (Updated 2021 Aug 1). In: StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK482258\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK482258\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Geeky Medics. Pelvic Floor Anatomy (3D Anatomy Tutorial). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=I87G1dUcZng\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=I87G1dUcZng<\/a> (last accessed 5\/12\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-5\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Continence Foundation of Australia. Female pelvic floor muscle &#8211; 3D animation. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q0_JAoaM6pU&amp;t=55s\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q0_JAoaM6pU&amp;t=55s<\/a> (last accessed 6\/12\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-6\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Stoker J. Anorectal and pelvic floor anatomy. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2009;23(4):463-75.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Eickmeyer SM. Anatomy and physiology of the pelvic floor. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics. 2017;28(3):455-60.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-8\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA. Chapter 11 &#8211; pelvis: sacrum, coccyx, and os coxae. In: White TD, Black MT, Folkens PA editors. Human Osteology (Third Edition). Academic Press. 2012. p219-40.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">McEvoy A, Tetrokalashvili M. Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Female Pelvic Cavity. (Updated 2021 Jul 26). In: StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 Jan-. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538435\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538435\/<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:2-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_10-0\">10,0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_10-1\">10,1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_10-2\">10,2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Herschorn S. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC1472875\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Female pelvic floor anatomy: the pelvic floor, supporting structures, and pelvic organs<\/a>. <i>Rev Urol<\/i>. 2004;6 Suppl 5(Suppl 5):S2-S10.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">A Karunaharamoorthy. Levator ani (Internet). Kenhub. 2021 (cited 5 December 2021). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kenhub.com\/en\/library\/anatomy\/levator-ani\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.kenhub.com\/en\/library\/anatomy\/levator-ani<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Jung J, Ahn HK, Huh Y. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3469827\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Clinical and functional anatomy of the urethral sphincter<\/a>. Int Neurourol J. 2012;16(3):102-6. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-13\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Baramee P, Muro S, Suriyut J, Harada M, Akita K. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12565-019-00492-4\" rel=\"nofollow\">Three muscle slings of the pelvic floor in women: an anatomic study<\/a>. 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Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/anal-triangle?lang=us\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/radiopaedia.org\/articles\/anal-triangle?lang=us<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-16\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Marques A, Stothers L, Macnab A. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2997838\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">The status of pelvic floor muscle training for women<\/a>. Can Urol Assoc J. 2010;4(6):419-24.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Dsingh A., Kaur A. Role of postural control exercises and pelvic floor strengthening exercises on chronic low back pain of women with sitting jobs. In: Rebelo F, Soares M editors. Advances in ergonomics in design. Vol 955. Cham: Springer, 2020. p775-82.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:3-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_18-0\">18.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_18-1\">18.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Hodges PW, Sapsford R, Pengel LH. Postural and respiratory functions of the pelvic floor muscles. Neurourol Urodyn. 2007;26(3):362-71.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-19\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Swash M, Petros P. The pelvic floor: neurocontrol and functional concepts. In: Santoro GA, Wieczorek AP, Sultan AH editors. Pelvic floor disorders. Cham: Springer, 2021. p57-70. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-20\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Raizada V, Mittal RK. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2617789\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Pelvic floor anatomy and applied physiology<\/a>. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2008;37(3):493-vii. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:4-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_21-0\">21.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_21-1\">21.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Thomas K. Pelvic Floor training for stress urinary incontinence: an update. <i>Co-Kinetic Journal<\/i>. 2019;(79):14-23. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-22\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Peng Y, Miller BD, Boone TB, Zhang Y. Modern theories of pelvic floor support: a topical review of modern studies on structural and functional pelvic floor support from medical imaging, computational modeling, and electromyographic perspectives. Curr Urol Rep. 2018;19(1):9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Bharucha AE. Pelvic floor: anatomy and function. 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Int Urogynecol J. 2020;31(12):2645-52.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Ashton-Miller JA, Delancey JO. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2897058\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">On the biomechanics of vaginal birth and common sequelae<\/a>. Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2009;11:163-76<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Iglesia CB, Smithling KR. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aafp.org\/afp\/2017\/0801\/p179.html#afp20170801p179-b8\" rel=\"nofollow\">Pelvic organ prolapse<\/a>. Am Fam Physician. 2017;96(3):179-85. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">JULIE WIEBE. The Diaphragm Pelvic Floor Piston Demo. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mLFfZfm7O7c\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mLFfZfm7O7c<\/a> (last accessed 5\/12\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">FemFusion Fitness and Pelvic Health. Can Singing Heal Your Pelvic Floor? The Pelvic Floor-Glottis Connection. Available from:<a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4dS7bc_4Mx0\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4dS7bc_4Mx0<\/a> (last accessed 5\/12\/2021)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20230606185213 Cache expiry: 0 Reduced expiry: true Complications: (show\u2010toc) CPU time usage: 0.138 seconds Real time usage: 0.151 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 550\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 195\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/100 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 7113\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 9.712 1 Special:Contributors\/Overview_of_Female_Pelvic_Floor_Muscle_Anatomy_and_Physiology 100.00% 9.712 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c9diteur original &#8211; Jess Bell \u00e0 partir d&rsquo;un cours d&rsquo;Ibukun Afolabi Principaux contributeurs &#8211; Jess Bell, Kim Jackson et Rucha Gadgil Contenu 1 Introduction 2 Le plancher pelvien 3 La cavit\u00e9 pelvienne 4 Les muscles du plancher pelvien 4.1 Couche profonde &#8211; Diaphragme pelvien 4.2 Couche interm\u00e9diaire &#8211; Diaphragme urog\u00e9nital \/ Membrane p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale 4.3 Couche [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6521","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6521","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6521"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6521\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6540,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/6521\/revisions\/6540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}