{"id":11569,"date":"2024-12-28T16:14:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-28T16:14:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/current-guidelines-and-recommendations-for-postnatal-exercise-fr\/"},"modified":"2024-12-28T21:36:04","modified_gmt":"2024-12-28T21:36:04","slug":"current-guidelines-and-recommendations-for-postnatal-exercise-fr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/current-guidelines-and-recommendations-for-postnatal-exercise-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Lignes directrices et recommandations actuelles concernant l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\">\n<p><b>R\u00e9dactrice originale <\/b>&#8211; <a title=\"User:Wanda van Niekerk\" href=\"\/User:Wanda_van_Niekerk\">Wanda van Niekerk<\/a> d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s le cours de <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/instructor\/fiona-healy\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Fiona Healy<\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Principales collaboratrices<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Wanda van Niekerk\" href=\"\/User:Wanda_van_Niekerk\"><bdi>Wanda van Niekerk<\/bdi><\/a> et <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenu<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Physical_Activity_Recommendations\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Recommandations en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Postnatal_Return_to_Running_Guidelines\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Lignes directrices pour la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied en p\u00e9riode de post-partum<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Objective_Measures_to_Assess_before_Graded_Return_to_Running\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Mesures objectives \u00e0 \u00e9valuer avant la reprise graduelle de la course \u00e0 pied<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Signs_to_Slow_Down_or_Stop\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Signes de ralentissement ou d&rsquo;arr\u00eat<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Exercise_Progression_Timeline\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Chronologie de la progression de l&rsquo;exercice<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Week_zero_to_two\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines z\u00e9ro \u00e0 deux<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Week_two_to_four\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines deux \u00e0 quatre<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Week_four_to_six\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines quatre \u00e0 six<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Week_six_to_eight\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines six \u00e0 huit<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Weeks_eight_to_twelve\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines huit \u00e0 douze<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Weeks_twelve_and_beyond\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3.6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Semaines douze et ult\u00e9rieures<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Issues_with_Returning_to_Running_Too_Soon_Postpartum\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s \u00e0 la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied trop t\u00f4t dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Strength_Tests_for_Postnatal_Women_before_Return_to_Running\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Tests de force pour les femmes en p\u00e9riode du post-partum avant la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#Load_and_Impact_Management_Assessment_before_Return_to_Running\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u00c9valuation de la tol\u00e9rance \u00e0 la charge et aux impacts avant la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied <\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-16\"><a href=\"#Other_Considerations_in_Postpartum_Return_to_Physical_Activity_and_Exercise\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Autres consid\u00e9rations relatives \u00e0 la reprise de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique et de l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-17\"><a href=\"#Benefits_of_Postnatal_Exercise\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Avantages de l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode post-partum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-18\"><a href=\"#Barriers_to_Exercise_in_Postpartum_Women\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Obstacles \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice physique dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-19\"><a href=\"#Enablers_of_Postnatal_Exercise\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Facilitateurs \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-20\"><a href=\"#Resources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Ressources<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-21\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduction<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 prouv\u00e9 que l&rsquo;<a title=\"Physical Activity\" href=\"\/Physical_Activity\">activit\u00e9 physique <\/a> et l&rsquo;<a title=\"Physical Activity and Pregnancy\" href=\"\/Physical_Activity_and_Pregnancy\">exercice pendant la grossesse et la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/a> ont des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques sur la sant\u00e9 de la m\u00e8re, du f\u0153tus et du nouveau-n\u00e9. Il s&rsquo;agit notamment d&rsquo;une diminution du risque de prise de poids excessive, de diab\u00e8te sucr\u00e9 gestationnel, de pr\u00e9-\u00e9clampsie, d&rsquo;accouchement pr\u00e9matur\u00e9, de complications \u00e0 l&rsquo;accouchement et chez le nouveau-n\u00e9, et de d\u00e9pression post-partum.<sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Les m\u00e8res qui pratiquent une activit\u00e9 physique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re en tant que choix de vie sain ont tendance \u00e0 avoir des familles qui pratiquent une activit\u00e9 physique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Les professionnels de la r\u00e9\u00e9ducation jouent un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 en aidant les femmes \u00e0 reprendre l&rsquo;exercice et\/ou \u00e0 s&rsquo;engager dans une activit\u00e9 physique, ce qui peut avoir un impact positif sur la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 et les syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Physical_Activity_Recommendations\" class=\"mw-headline\">Recommandations en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity Recommendations\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Physical Activity Recommendations\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/46\/Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png\/300px-Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/46\/Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png\/450px-Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/4\/46\/Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png\/600px-Postnatal_exercise_or_physical_activity_recommendations.png 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"425\" data-file-width=\"930\" data-file-height=\"1316\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Directives en mati\u00e8re d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique du \u00ab\u00a0Chief Medical Officers\u00a0\u00bb du Royaume-Uni, 2019<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Toutes les femmes enceintes et les femmes en p\u00e9riode du post-partum qui n&rsquo;ont pas de contre-indications devraient viser \u00e0 : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pratiquer r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement une activit\u00e9 physique pendant la grossesse et la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/li>\n<li>faire au moins 150 minutes d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique d&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e r\u00e9parties sur l&rsquo;ensemble de la semaine\n<ul>\n<li>Pour en tirer des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices consid\u00e9rables, il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable d&rsquo;int\u00e9grer une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s a\u00e9robiques (marche rapide, natation, v\u00e9lo stationnaire, a\u00e9robie \u00e0 faible impact, jogging, yoga modifi\u00e9 et Pilates modifi\u00e9) et d&rsquo;activit\u00e9s d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement en r\u00e9sistance (exercices avec le poids du corps tels que les squats, les fentes, les pompes).<\/li>\n<li>Des \u00e9tirements doux peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>De plus :\n<ul>\n<li>Les femmes qui, avant la grossesse, pratiquaient habituellement une activit\u00e9 a\u00e9robique d&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 vigoureuse ou qui \u00e9taient physiquement actives peuvent poursuivre ces activit\u00e9s pendant la grossesse et la p\u00e9riode du post-partum.<\/li>\n<li>Si les femmes enceintes et les femmes en post-partum ne remplissent pas actuellement les lignes directrices recommand\u00e9es, la pratique d&rsquo;une certaine activit\u00e9 physique aura des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques sur la sant\u00e9. Elles devraient commencer par des activit\u00e9s physiques l\u00e9g\u00e8res et augmenter progressivement la fr\u00e9quence, l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 et la dur\u00e9e au fil du temps.<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;entra\u00eenement des muscles du plancher pelvien (<a title=\"Kegel's Exercise : Females\" href=\"\/Kegel%27s_Exercise_:_Females\">exercices de Kegel<\/a>) peut \u00eatre pratiqu\u00e9 quotidiennement pour r\u00e9duire le risque d&rsquo;incontinence urinaire.<\/li>\n<li>Les femmes enceintes et celles qui viennent d&rsquo;accoucher devraient r\u00e9duire les p\u00e9riodes d&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9. Le remplacement du temps d&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9 par une activit\u00e9 physique, quelle qu&rsquo;en soit l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 (m\u00eame l\u00e9g\u00e8re), a des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques sur la sant\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Pour en savoir plus, cliquer ici : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240015128\" rel=\"nofollow\">WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour <\/a> (lignes directrices de l&rsquo;OMS sur l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique et le comportement s\u00e9dentaire, en anglais original) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-3\">(3) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00ab American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists \u00bb a publi\u00e9 un avis de comit\u00e9, en anglais original, sur l&rsquo;<a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.acog.org\/clinical\/clinical-guidance\/committee-opinion\/articles\/2020\/04\/physical-activity-and-exercise-during-pregnancy-and-the-postpartum-period\" rel=\"nofollow\">activit\u00e9 physique et l&rsquo;exercice pendant la grossesse et la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/a>. Leur recommandation est la suivante : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>exercice d&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 mod\u00e9r\u00e9e de 20 \u00e0 30 minutes par jour, presque tous les jours de la semaine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le \u00ab Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists \u00bb (coll\u00e8ge royal des obst\u00e9triciens et gyn\u00e9cologues) recommande :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Apr\u00e8s un accouchement sans complication, certaines femmes peuvent reprendre une activit\u00e9 physique douce ou \u00e0 faible impact dans les jours qui suivent l&rsquo;accouchement.<\/li>\n<li>Si l&rsquo;accouchement a \u00e9t\u00e9 compliqu\u00e9 (par exemple, deuxi\u00e8me phase longue, c\u00e9sarienne, pr\u00e9sentation occipito-post\u00e9rieure ou accouchement instrumental), il convient de consulter un m\u00e9decin avant de reprendre l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique d&rsquo;avant la grossesse. Il existe un lien entre l&rsquo;accouchement \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de forceps et la d\u00e9nervation des nerfs du plancher pelvien, et il faut donc s&rsquo;attendre \u00e0 un temps de r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration plus long.<sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Infographie utile (en anglais original) : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/1054538\/physical-activity-for-pregnant-women.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Physical Activity for Pregnant Women<\/a> (activit\u00e9 physique chez les femmes enceintes)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Postnatal_Return_to_Running_Guidelines\" class=\"mw-headline\">Lignes directrices pour la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied en p\u00e9riode de post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Postnatal Return to Running Guidelines\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Postnatal Return to Running Guidelines\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ces lignes directrices recommandent que toutes les femmes, ind\u00e9pendamment de leur accouchement, se voient proposer une \u00e9valuation pelvienne par un physioth\u00e9rapeute sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 dans la sant\u00e9 pelvienne. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> La force, la fonction et la coordination de la paroi abdominale et des muscles du plancher pelvien doivent faire l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une \u00e9valuation compl\u00e8te. Il convient de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation vaginale et, le cas \u00e9ch\u00e9ant, \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation anorectale. Les femmes en p\u00e9riode de post-partum peuvent b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d&rsquo;une \u00e9valuation personnalis\u00e9e et d&rsquo;un programme de r\u00e9\u00e9ducation du plancher pelvien. Cela peut : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pr\u00e9venir et prendre en charge un <a title=\"Pelvic Organ Prolapse\" href=\"\/Pelvic_Organ_Prolapse\">prolapsus des organes pelviens; <\/a><\/li>\n<li>pr\u00e9venir et traiter l&rsquo;<a title=\"l'incontinence urinaire\" href=\"\/Urinary_Incontinence\">incontinence urinaire; <\/a><\/li>\n<li>am\u00e9liorer la fonction sexuelle.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Lire ces lignes directrices ici (en anglais original) : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/absolute.physio\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/returning-to-running-postnatal-guidelines.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Returning to running postnatal\u2013guidelines for medical, health and fitness professionals managing this population <\/a> <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Objective_Measures_to_Assess_before_Graded_Return_to_Running\" class=\"mw-headline\">Mesures objectives \u00e0 \u00e9valuer avant la reprise graduelle de la course \u00e0 pied <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Objective Measures to Assess before Graded Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Objective Measures to Assess before Graded Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00ab\u00a0Modified Oxford Manual Muscle Testing\u00a0\u00bb (MOMMT, bilan musculaire manuel modifi\u00e9 d&rsquo;Oxford)\n<ul>\n<li>Si un score inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 3 est obtenu au MOMMT lors de l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation digitale vaginale ou anorectale, il n&rsquo;est pas recommand\u00e9 de reprendre la course \u00e0 pied.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Diminution de l&rsquo;endurance des muscles du plancher pelvien\n<ul>\n<li>Le niveau de base recommand\u00e9 en position debout est : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7) <\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>10 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions rapides;<\/li>\n<li>8 \u00e0 12 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions de la force de contraction volontaire maximale d&rsquo;une dur\u00e9e de 6 \u00e0 8 secondes;<\/li>\n<li>contraction sous-maximale de 30 \u00e0 50 % pendant 60 secondes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;\u00e9valuation du risque de d\u00e9velopper un prolapsus des organes pelviens doit \u00eatre effectu\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de la composante \u00ab GH+pb \u00bb du <a title=\"Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) System\" href=\"\/Pelvic_Organ_Prolapse_Quantification_(POP-Q)_System\">syst\u00e8me \u00ab\u00a0Pelvic Organ Prolapse-Quantification\u00a0\u00bb (POP-Q)<\/a>.\n<ul>\n<li>Une valeur sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 7 cm indique qu&rsquo;une femme pr\u00e9sente un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de prolapsus des organes pelviens. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Questionnaire sur les troubles de la statique pelvienne (PFDI-20 ou \u00ab\u00a0Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory\u00a0\u00bb, en anglais)\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;utilisation du questionnaire de d\u00e9pistage, le <a title=\"Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI - 20)\" href=\"\/Pelvic_Floor_Distress_Inventory_(PFDI_-_20)\">Questionnaire sur les troubles de la statique pelvienne<\/a> (PFDI-20), est mentionn\u00e9e comme un moyen d&rsquo;identifier les femmes symptomatiques et de les orienter pour une \u00e9valuation appropri\u00e9e de la sant\u00e9 des femmes. (Remarque : la d\u00e9signation du PFDI-20 varie dans la litt\u00e9rature en fonction des termes \u00ab Disability \u00bb\/\u00ab Distress Index \u00bb \/ \u00ab Inventory \u00bb) Cependant, il est tout aussi important d&rsquo;identifier les femmes asymptomatiques qui sont \u00e0 risque si elles sollicitent trop t\u00f4t leur syst\u00e8me avec des activit\u00e9s impliquant des impacts \u00e9lev\u00e9s. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Les physioth\u00e9rapeutes sont souvent bien plac\u00e9s chez les professionnels de la sant\u00e9 pour \u00e9valuer la forme et les capacit\u00e9s physiques d&rsquo;une femme et l&rsquo;aider \u00e0 reprendre l&rsquo;exercice apr\u00e8s leur accouchement. Les comp\u00e9tences combin\u00e9es des physioth\u00e9rapeutes musculosquelettiques ou sportifs et des physioth\u00e9rapeutes sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s en r\u00e9\u00e9ducation p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale et pelvienne peuvent apporter un soutien inestimable aux femmes en p\u00e9riode de post-partum.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Signs_to_Slow_Down_or_Stop\" class=\"mw-headline\">Signes de ralentissement ou d&rsquo;arr\u00eat <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Signs to Slow Down or Stop\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Signs to Slow Down or Stop\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Les lignes directrices sur la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied de Goom et al. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> recommandent des exercices \u00e0 faible impact au cours des trois premiers mois de la p\u00e9riode de post-partum. La reprise de la course \u00e0 pied peut, au plus t\u00f4t, commencer entre trois et six mois apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accouchement. Ces directives sont bas\u00e9es sur les donn\u00e9es probantes disponibles et l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience clinique des auteurs et encouragent le raisonnement clinique, mais elles ne sont pas actuellement valid\u00e9es. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup> Des recherches indiquent que certaines femmes peuvent reprendre la course \u00e0 pied dans un d\u00e9lai plus court, <sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup> mais cela s&rsquo;observe principalement chez les athl\u00e8tes ou les femmes qui ont \u00e9t\u00e9 physiquement actives avant et pendant la grossesse.<\/p>\n<p>Les femmes qui souhaitent reprendre la course \u00e0 pied ou des exercices \u00e0 impact \u00e9lev\u00e9 apr\u00e8s leur accouchement doivent \u00eatre vigilantes aux signes et sympt\u00f4mes suivants, qui peuvent \u00eatre ressentis avant ou apr\u00e8s une tentative de reprise de la course \u00e0 pied. S&rsquo;ils ressentent l&rsquo;un de ces sympt\u00f4mes, c&rsquo;est le signe qu&rsquo;il faut ralentir ou s&rsquo;arr\u00eater, et il est important de consulter un physioth\u00e9rapeute sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9 r\u00e9\u00e9ducation p\u00e9rin\u00e9ale et pelvienne.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sensations de lourdeur ou de tiraillement dans la r\u00e9gion pelvienne (peuvent \u00eatre associ\u00e9es \u00e0 un prolapsus)<\/li>\n<li>Fuites urinaires ou une incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 contr\u00f4ler les selles<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab Abdomen pendulum \u00bb ou un espace visible le long de la ligne m\u00e9diane de la paroi abdominale (peut indiquer un <a title=\"Diastasis Recti Abdominis\" href=\"\/Diastasis_Recti_Abdominis\">diastasis des muscles droits de l&rsquo;abdomen<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li>Douleurs pelviennes ou lombaires d\u00e9clench\u00e9es par l&rsquo;exercice<\/li>\n<li>Pertes de sang persistantes ou accrues jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 plus de huit semaines apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;accouchement, qui ne sont pas li\u00e9es au cycle mensuel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Exercise_Progression_Timeline\" class=\"mw-headline\">Chronologie de la progression de l&rsquo;exercice <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Exercise Progression Timeline\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Exercise Progression Timeline\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span id=\"Week_zero_to_two\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines z\u00e9ro \u00e0 deux<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Week zero to two\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Week zero to two\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Le repos et la convalescence sont des priorit\u00e9s lorsque l&rsquo;organisme se remet d&rsquo;un \u00e9v\u00e9nement important.<\/li>\n<li>La marche comme exercice cardiovasculaire &#8211; d\u00e8s que la femme s&rsquo;en sent capable.<\/li>\n<li>Des exercices doux d&rsquo;activation des muscles stabilisateurs du tronc &#8211; bascule du bassin et exercices abdominaux doux<\/li>\n<li>Des exercices des muscles du plancher pelvien\n<ul>\n<li>De br\u00e8ves contractions pour favoriser la circulation sanguine et la gu\u00e9rison <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Progression graduelle jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 10 pressions d&rsquo;une dur\u00e9e de 10 secondes et 10 contractions rapides selon les capacit\u00e9s <sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Apr\u00e8s un accouchement, les muscles du plancher pelvien sont affaiblis et l\u00e9s\u00e9s chez la plupart des femmes. Des consignes et une supervision sur la mani\u00e8re d&rsquo;effectuer une bonne contraction des muscles du plancher pelvien sont n\u00e9cessaires, en particulier chez les femmes qui n&rsquo;ont pas entra\u00een\u00e9 ces muscles avant la grossesse et l&rsquo;accouchement.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Lors de l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation en p\u00e9riode de post-partum d&rsquo;une femme, il est essentiel de savoir comment l&rsquo;enfant est n\u00e9. Les lignes directrices du NICE recommandent 12 semaines (3 mois) d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement supervis\u00e9 des muscles du plancher pelvien pour les femmes dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum qui ont eu :\n<ul>\n<li>des l\u00e9sions obst\u00e9tricales du sphincter anal;<\/li>\n<li>un accouchement vaginal assist\u00e9 (forceps ou ventouse);<\/li>\n<li>un accouchement par voie vaginale avec le b\u00e9b\u00e9 tourn\u00e9 vers l&rsquo;avant (pr\u00e9sentation occipito-post\u00e9rieure).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pour lire les lignes directrices du NICEconcernant la pr\u00e9vention et la prise en charge non chirurgicale des dysfonctionnements du plancher pelvien, cliquer ici : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng210\/resources\/pelvic-floor-dysfunction-prevention-and-nonsurgical-management-pdf-66143768482501\" rel=\"nofollow\">Pelvic floor dysfunction: prevention and non-surgical management <\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Week_two_to_four\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines deux \u00e0 quatre <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Week two to four\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Week two to four\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Progression de la marche<\/li>\n<li>Progression du renforcement des muscles du plancher pelvien et de la r\u00e9\u00e9ducation des muscles stabilisateurs du tronc<\/li>\n<li>Introduction des flexions sur jambes (\u00ab\u00a0squats\u00a0\u00bb), de fentes et des exercices du pont &#8211; en lien avec les activit\u00e9s de la vie quotidienne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Week_four_to_six\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines quatre \u00e0 six <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Week four to six\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Week four to six\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Exercices \u00e0 faible impact, par exemple v\u00e9lo d&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur ou exerciseur elliptique<\/li>\n<li>Poursuite des exercices du plancher pelvien et du renforcement progressif des abdominaux<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Week_six_to_eight\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines six \u00e0 huit <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Week six to eight\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Week six to eight\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Marche rapide &#8211; augmentation de la vitesse de marche, progression en pente<\/li>\n<li>Augmentation de la dur\u00e9e et de l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9 des exercices \u00e0 faible impact<\/li>\n<li>Techniques de soulev\u00e9 de terre, en commen\u00e7ant avec des poids l\u00e9gers (pas plus que le poids d&rsquo;un b\u00e9b\u00e9 dans un si\u00e8ge de voiture soit 15kg).<\/li>\n<li>Exercice de r\u00e9sistance pendant les exercices de r\u00e9\u00e9ducation des muscles stabilisateurs du tronc et des membres inf\u00e9rieurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/55D-jJwLQnI?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h4><span id=\"Weeks_eight_to_twelve\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines huit \u00e0 douze <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Weeks eight to twelve\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Weeks eight to twelve\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Progression dans l&rsquo;entra\u00eenement de la force et des muscles stabilisateurs du tronc en fonction de la tol\u00e9rance<\/li>\n<li>Natation (si les lochies ont cess\u00e9 et s&rsquo;il n&rsquo;y a pas de probl\u00e8me de gu\u00e9rison)<\/li>\n<li>Spinning (si la selle du v\u00e9lo de spinning est confortable)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Weeks_twelve_and_beyond\" class=\"mw-headline\">Semaines douze et ult\u00e9rieures <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Weeks twelve and beyond\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Weeks twelve and beyond\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>Se mettre d&rsquo;accord sur les objectifs \u00e0 court et \u00e0 long terme<\/li>\n<li>Retour progressif \u00e0 la course \u00e0 pied et aux exercices avec impact<\/li>\n<li>La collaboration avec un entra\u00eeneur de course \u00e0 pied peut \u00eatre conseill\u00e9e si une femme cherche \u00e0 augmenter les distances dans un d\u00e9lai plus court.<\/li>\n<li>Il faut tenir compte des facteurs de risque de blessure.<\/li>\n<li>Augmentation du volume d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement (distance et dur\u00e9e) avant l&rsquo;intensit\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Surveillance des signes et sympt\u00f4mes et modification du programme de course de mani\u00e8re appropri\u00e9e ou orientation vers un professionnel de la sant\u00e9 comp\u00e9tent pour traiter les probl\u00e8mes de la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Issues_with_Returning_to_Running_Too_Soon_Postpartum\" class=\"mw-headline\">Probl\u00e8mes li\u00e9s \u00e0 la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied trop t\u00f4t dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Issues with Returning to Running Too Soon Postpartum\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Issues with Returning to Running Too Soon Postpartum\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Entre 35 % <sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup> et 84 % des femmes qui ont repris la course \u00e0 pied apr\u00e8s leur accouchement ont d\u00e9clar\u00e9 souffrir de douleurs musculosquelettiques dans au moins une r\u00e9gion du corps. <sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup> Cela soul\u00e8ve la question suivante : les femmes sont-elles suffisamment bien pr\u00e9par\u00e9es pour reprendre le sport et les exercices \u00e0 impact \u00e9lev\u00e9 dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum ? <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-2\">(2) <\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Une \u00e9tude biom\u00e9canique r\u00e9cente comparant des coureuses dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum et des t\u00e9moins nullipares a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 les r\u00e9sultats suivants : <sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>les \u00ab coureuses post-partum \u00bb avaient un taux de force de freinage sup\u00e9rieur de 24,3 % pour les forces de r\u00e9action du sol ant\u00e9ropost\u00e9rieures;<\/li>\n<li>les \u00ab coureuses post-partum \u00bb avaient une souplesse des ischiojambiers r\u00e9duite de 14%;<\/li>\n<li>les \u00ab coureuses post-partum \u00bb avaient une force d&rsquo;abduction de la hanche r\u00e9duite de 25,9 %;<\/li>\n<li>les \u00ab coureuses post-partum \u00bb avaient une force d&rsquo;adduction de la hanche r\u00e9duite de 51,6 %.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bien qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse d&rsquo;une petite \u00e9tude pr\u00e9liminaire, elle d\u00e9montre qu&rsquo;il peut y avoir des diff\u00e9rences importantes chez les \u00ab coureuses post-partum \u00bb en ce qui concerne les forces de freinage lors de la r\u00e9ception du poids et la force de la hanche. Tous ces facteurs ont \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des blessures li\u00e9es \u00e0 la course \u00e0 pied.<sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup> La r\u00e9\u00e9ducation du <a title=\"muscle moyen glut\u00e9al\" href=\"\/Gluteus_Medius\">muscle moyen glut\u00e9al<\/a> est essentiel car il stabilise le bassin et limite l&rsquo;adduction de la hanche et la rotation interne du f\u00e9mur lors de l&rsquo;appui unipodal.<sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup> En outre, une faiblesse du muscle moyen glut\u00e9al a \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des douleurs lombaires pendant la grossesse.<sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup> Chez les personnes souffrant d&rsquo;incontinence urinaire, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 rapport\u00e9 que le renforcement des muscles du plancher pelvien et des muscles synergiques de la hanche permettait de r\u00e9duire les pertes urinaires quotidiennes.<sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Strength_Tests_for_Postnatal_Women_before_Return_to_Running\" class=\"mw-headline\">Tests de force pour les femmes en p\u00e9riode de post-partum avant la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Strength Tests for Postnatal Women before Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Strength Tests for Postnatal Women before Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D&rsquo;apr\u00e8s un consensus clinique d&rsquo;experts, ces tests devraient \u00eatre effectu\u00e9s avant de reprendre la course \u00e0 pied dans la population en p\u00e9riode du post-partum. Chaque mouvement doit \u00eatre ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 en comptant le nombre de r\u00e9p\u00e9titions jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 fatigue. L&rsquo;objectif est de r\u00e9aliser 20 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions pour chacun de ces tests :<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>flexion plantaire unipodale;<\/li>\n<li>pont unipodal;<\/li>\n<li>assis-debout unipodal;<\/li>\n<li>abduction de hanche en d\u00e9cubitus lat\u00e9ral.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/g-0Jf6qnNLY?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-20\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Load_and_Impact_Management_Assessment_before_Return_to_Running\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u00c9valuation de la tol\u00e9rance \u00e0 la charge et aux impacts avant la reprise de la course \u00e0 pied <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Load and Impact Management Assessment before Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Load and Impact Management Assessment before Return to Running\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ces tests \u00e9valuent la capacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une femme \u00e0 tol\u00e9rer la charge impos\u00e9e par des exercices plus exigeants tels que la course \u00e0 pied et les exercices \u00e0 impact \u00e9lev\u00e9.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Marche pendant 30 minutes<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9quilibre unipodal pendant 10 secondes<\/li>\n<li>Flexions sur une jambe (\u00ab single leg squat \u00bb) &#8211; 10 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>Jogging sur place pendant 1 minute<\/li>\n<li>Sauts vers l&rsquo;avant sur les deux jambes &#8211; 10 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions<\/li>\n<li>Sauts sur place en unipodal &#8211; 10 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions sur chaque jambe<\/li>\n<li>\u00ab Running man \u00bb unipodaux : flexion et extension du bras et de la hanche (genou fl\u00e9chi) oppos\u00e9s &#8211; 10 r\u00e9p\u00e9titions de chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/q9_DRVyczI4?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YnvyjAOSPfU?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-22\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4-eya5Br9UE?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mESZKdnGjN4?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">(24)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/SLmx8guyovo?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\">(25)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-4\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H0yJ2q0mlxs?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">(26)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Il est conseill\u00e9 de reprendre <b>progressivement <\/b> les activit\u00e9s \u00e0 impact plus \u00e9lev\u00e9, tels que la course \u00e0 pied. Les moyens d&rsquo;y parvenir comprennent une approche \u00ab marche-course \u00bb et des strat\u00e9gies permettant d&rsquo;augmenter progressivement la charge impos\u00e9e au plancher pelvien et au corps.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Other_Considerations_in_Postpartum_Return_to_Physical_Activity_and_Exercise\" class=\"mw-headline\">Autres consid\u00e9rations relatives \u00e0 la reprise de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique et de l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Other Considerations in Postpartum Return to Physical Activity and Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Other Considerations in Postpartum Return to Physical Activity and Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Breast Feeding and Physiotherapy\" href=\"\/Breast_Feeding_and_Physiotherapy\">Allaitement<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Une activit\u00e9 physique mod\u00e9r\u00e9e ne compromet pas l&rsquo;acceptation du lait maternel par le nourrisson ni sa croissance.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_5-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il existe des donn\u00e9es contradictoires concernant les effets globaux des hormones sur le tissu conjonctif, la laxit\u00e9 des articulations et les muscles, et il semble que ces effets ne soient pas constants d&rsquo;une femme \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre. Par cons\u00e9quent, cela peut, dans certains cas, augmenter le risque de blessure chez une femme.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_7-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Il faut prendre en compte les besoins \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;allaitement et \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice physique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Th\u00e9orie, fonction et physiologie du sommeil\" href=\"\/Sleep:_Theory,_Function_and_Physiology\">Sommeil<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Le sommeil est essentiel \u00e0 la r\u00e9cup\u00e9ration du stress physique et psychologique et est souvent compromis dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum.<\/li>\n<li>Le <a title=\"Le manque de sommeil et les pathologies du sommeil\" href=\"\/Sleep_Deprivation_and_Sleep_Disorders\">manque de sommeil<\/a> augmente le risque de blessure.<\/li>\n<li>Sept \u00e0 neuf heures de sommeil sont recommand\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Bien-\u00eatre psychologique\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00e9pistage de la d\u00e9pression du post-partum (DPP) &#8211; <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4820998\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">\u00c9chelle de d\u00e9pression post-partum d&rsquo;\u00c9dimbourg <\/a><\/li>\n<li>De nombreuses femmes utilisent l&rsquo;exercice physique, comme la course \u00e0 pied, comme strat\u00e9gie d&rsquo;adaptation, pour g\u00e9rer leur image corporelle ou pour se changer les id\u00e9es, et les professionnels de la sant\u00e9 doivent \u00eatre en mesure de les orienter vers les services de soutien sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s dont elles ont besoin.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Poids\n<ul>\n<li>La charge sur le plancher pelvien est plus importante chez les personnes en surpoids.<\/li>\n<li>Les femmes dont l&rsquo;indice de masse corporelle (IMC) est de &gt; 30 pr\u00e9sentent un risque plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de sympt\u00f4mes li\u00e9s au plancher pelvien.<\/li>\n<li>En apprendre davantage sur la <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ph27\/resources\/weight-management-before-during-and-after-pregnancy-pdf-1996242046405\" rel=\"nofollow\">Gestion du poids avant, pendant et apr\u00e8s la grossesse<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Mise en forme\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;accent est mis sur des exercices post-partum s\u00fbrs et appropri\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<li>Une \u00e9valuation et une r\u00e9\u00e9ducation individualis\u00e9es sont n\u00e9cessaires en fonction de la nature de l&rsquo;accouchement et des probl\u00e8mes sp\u00e9cifiques de la personne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Diastasis des muscles droits de l&rsquo;abdomen\n<ul>\n<li>Pour en savoir plus :\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Diastasis Recti Abdominis and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction\" href=\"\/Diastasis_Recti_Abdominis_and_Pelvic_Floor_Dysfunction\">Diastasis des muscles droits de l&rsquo;abdomen et dysfonctionnement du plancher pelvien<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Diastasis Recti Abdominis\" href=\"\/Diastasis_Recti_Abdominis\">Diastasis des muscles droits de l&rsquo;abdomen<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u00eatements de soutien\n<ul>\n<li>Un soutien-gorge de sport ajust\u00e9 sur mesure peut apporter un soutien et un confort accrus \u00e0 la poitrine.<\/li>\n<li>Il est important de porter des chaussures qui soutiennent bien et qu&rsquo;elles soient bien ajust\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<li>Un nouveau domaine de recherche sur les v\u00eatements de sport et les v\u00eatements qui soutiennent le plancher pelvien pendant l&rsquo;exercice est en train de se d\u00e9velopper. Okayama et al. <sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">(27)<\/a><\/sup> ont rapport\u00e9 que \u00ab le port de sous-v\u00eatements de soutien (&lsquo;shapewear&rsquo;) \u00e9tait presque aussi efficace que l&rsquo;entra\u00eenement des muscles du plancher pelvien \u00e0 domicile pour r\u00e9duire les sympt\u00f4mes de l&rsquo;incontinence urinaire \u00bb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00e9ficit \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique relatif dans le sport (DERS)\n<ul>\n<li>Pour en savoir plus : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/content\/bjsports\/52\/11\/687.full.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">IOC consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S): 2018 update<\/a> (d\u00e9claration de consensus du CIO mise \u00e0 jour en 2018 sur le d\u00e9ficit \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique relatif dans le sport, en anglais original) <sup id=\"cite_ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\">(28)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Benefits_of_Postnatal_Exercise\" class=\"mw-headline\">Avantages de l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Benefits of Postnatal Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Benefits of Postnatal Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>R\u00e9tablissement de la sant\u00e9 physique\n<ul>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration de la circulation sanguine <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_29-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Renforcement des muscles abdominaux et spinaux <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_29-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de la constriction de l&rsquo;ut\u00e9rus <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_29-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 du sommeil\n<ul>\n<li>Une am\u00e9lioration significative des sympt\u00f4mes physiques associ\u00e9s \u00e0 une mauvaise qualit\u00e9 du sommeil a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9e chez les femmes en p\u00e9riode du post-partum qui ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 un programme d&rsquo;exercices de marche. <sup id=\"cite_ref-30\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Apaisement du stress<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e9vention des troubles d\u00e9pressifs tels que la d\u00e9pression post-partum\n<ul>\n<li>Une activit\u00e9 physique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re pendant la grossesse et dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum r\u00e9duit le risque de d\u00e9pression en comparaison avec l&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9. <sup id=\"cite_ref-31\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-32\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-32\">(32)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Augmentation de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_33-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-33\">(33)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration du sentiment de bien-\u00eatre <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_33-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-33\">(33)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Diminution du poids corporel <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_33-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-33\">(33)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Stimulation de la lactation <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_29-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration de l&rsquo;endurance\n<ul>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration de la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 pratiquer l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9guli\u00e8re<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Att\u00e9nuation des probl\u00e8mes dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum tels que le diastasis des muscles droits de l&rsquo;abdomen, l&rsquo;incontinence urinaire, le prolapsus des organes pelviens et la douleur de la ceinture pelvienne <sup id=\"cite_ref-34\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-34\">(34)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-35\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-35\">(35)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-36\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-36\">(36)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Participation \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s sociales &#8211; faire de l&rsquo;exercice avec d&rsquo;autres m\u00e8res peut apporter un soutien et am\u00e9liorer le moral<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Am\u00e9lioration de la sant\u00e9 cardiovasculaire et osseuse<\/li>\n<li>Pour en savoir plus :\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Benefits of Physical Activity\" href=\"\/Benefits_of_Physical_Activity\">Bienfaits de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Physical Activity and Pregnancy\" href=\"\/Physical_Activity_and_Pregnancy\">Activit\u00e9 physique et grossesse<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Barriers_to_Exercise_in_Postpartum_Women\" class=\"mw-headline\">Obstacles \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice physique dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Barriers to Exercise in Postpartum Women\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Barriers to Exercise in Postpartum Women\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Avant de prescrire des exercices aux femmes dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum, les physioth\u00e9rapeutes doivent bien comprendre les obstacles \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice et \u00e0 l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_37-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-37\">(37)<\/a><\/sup> Le tableau 1 pr\u00e9sente certains de ces obstacles et des suggestions sur la mani\u00e8re dont les physioth\u00e9rapeutes peuvent aider les femmes \u00e0 les surmonter.<\/p>\n<table class=\"wikitable\">\n<caption>Tableau 1. Obstacles \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice physique chez les femmes dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_37-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-37\">(37)<\/a><\/sup><\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Cat\u00e9gories<\/th>\n<th>Obstacles<\/th>\n<th>Suggestions pour surmonter les obstacles<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td rowspan=\"3\">Intrapersonnelle<\/td>\n<td>Fatigue et\/ou manque de sommeil<\/td>\n<td>Sensibiliser les femmes aux strat\u00e9gies de sant\u00e9 du sommeil et \u00e0 l&rsquo;importance du sommeil; aider les femmes \u00e0 d\u00e9velopper des strat\u00e9gies d&rsquo;exercice physique pour am\u00e9liorer leur niveau d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/p>\n<p>Offrir aux femmes des techniques de conservation d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Faible motivation<\/td>\n<td>Informer les femmes de l&rsquo;existence de cours de mise en forme ou de groupes de marche locaux &#8211; le soutien social est souvent utile en cas de manque de motivation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Limitations physiques ou li\u00e9es \u00e0 la sant\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Aider les femmes pr\u00e9sentant des changements musculosquelettiques et modifier les exercices si n\u00e9cessaire<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Interpersonnelle<\/td>\n<td>Horaires et\/ou emploi du temps impr\u00e9visibles, t\u00e2ches m\u00e9nag\u00e8res, soins et responsabilit\u00e9s.<\/td>\n<td>Sensibiliser les femmes qui estiment ne pas pouvoir donner la priorit\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice physique et au fait que de petites s\u00e9ances d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement plus courtes (10 \u00e0 15 minutes) contribuent toutes \u00e0 la sant\u00e9 globale<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Influence socioculturelle et d\u00e9mographique<\/td>\n<td>Manque de soutien de la part de la famille, des amis et des autres m\u00e8res<\/td>\n<td>Promouvoir le partage des soins au b\u00e9b\u00e9; recommander des cours et des salles de sport dans la communaut\u00e9 locale o\u00f9 les femmes peuvent amener leur b\u00e9b\u00e9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Environnement physique<\/td>\n<td>Conditions m\u00e9t\u00e9orologiques et acc\u00e8s \u00e0 des installations et des services de garde ad\u00e9quats<\/td>\n<td>Faire conna\u00eetre aux femmes les installations locales; aider les femmes \u00e0 \u00e9laborer des plans d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement qui peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;int\u00e9rieur<\/p>\n<p>Utiliser des ressources en ligne<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Environnement des soins de sant\u00e9<\/td>\n<td>Allaitement; manque d&rsquo;informations, de conseils et d&rsquo;encouragements<\/td>\n<td>Informer les femmes sur l&rsquo;exercice physique et l&rsquo;allaitement : il n&rsquo;y a pas de danger \u00e0 faire de l&rsquo;exercice tout en allaitant, et la sant\u00e9 de la m\u00e8re et de l&rsquo;enfant n&rsquo;en sera pas affect\u00e9e; offrir et diffuser des informations exactes sur l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span id=\"Enablers_of_Postnatal_Exercise\" class=\"mw-headline\">Facilitateurs \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice dans la p\u00e9riode du post-partum <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Enablers of Postnatal Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Enablers of Postnatal Exercise\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Soutien du partenaire<\/li>\n<li>Soutien social et r\u00e9seaux\n<ul>\n<li>Par exemple, des classes d&rsquo;exercices pour la p\u00e9riode du post-partum<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Perception positive de l&rsquo;importance de l&rsquo;exercice physique\n<ul>\n<li>Liva et al. <sup id=\"cite_ref-38\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-38\">(38)<\/a><\/sup> ont rapport\u00e9 que les femmes qui avaient une perception positive de l&rsquo;importance de l&rsquo;exercice et de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique pour leur propre sant\u00e9 et leur bien-\u00eatre prenaient le temps de faire de l&rsquo;exercice et de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique, en d\u00e9pit de tous les autres obstacles tels que le manque de temps ou le manque de disponibilit\u00e9 pour la garde des enfants.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Resources\" class=\"mw-headline\">Ressources (en anglais original)<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/thebumproom.ie\/free-resources\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">The Bump Room. Ressources utiles gratuites.<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4134098\/pdf\/nihms-616584.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">Summary of international guidelines for physical activity following pregnancy. (article pr\u00e9sentant un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 des directives internationales relatives \u00e0 l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique apr\u00e8s la grossesse)<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-39\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-39\">(39)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Current_Guidelines_and_Recommendations_for_Postnatal_Exercise&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Brown WJ, Hayman M, Haakstad LA, Lamerton T, Mena GP, Green A, Keating SE, Gomes GA, Coombes JS, Mielke GI. 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