{"id":11195,"date":"2024-11-10T14:09:47","date_gmt":"2024-11-10T14:09:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/aetiology-symptoms-and-clinical-classifications-of-temporomandibular-disorders-fr\/"},"modified":"2024-11-10T14:09:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-10T14:09:47","slug":"aetiology-symptoms-and-clinical-classifications-of-temporomandibular-disorders-fr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/aetiology-symptoms-and-clinical-classifications-of-temporomandibular-disorders-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9tiologie, sympt\u00f4mes et classifications cliniques des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\"><b>R\u00e9dactrice originale <\/b>&#8211; <a title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\">Jess Bell<\/a> d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s le cours de <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/members.physio-pedia.com\/course_tutor\/victoria-reboredo\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Victoria Reboredo<\/a><br \/>\n<b>Principales collaboratrices<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Wanda van Niekerk\" href=\"\/User:Wanda_van_Niekerk\"><bdi>Wanda van Niekerk<\/bdi><\/a>, <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Kim Jackson\" href=\"\/User:Kim_Jackson\"><bdi>Kim Jackson<\/bdi><\/a> et <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Olajumoke Ogunleye\" href=\"\/User:Olajumoke_Ogunleye\"><bdi>Olajumoke Ogunleye<\/bdi><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenu<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Causes_of_Facial_Pain\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Causes de douleurs faciales<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Temporomandibular_Disorders\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">D\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Epidemiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Symptoms\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Sympt\u00f4mes<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Internal_Derangement_of_the_Temporomandibular_Joint\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">D\u00e9rangement interne de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Causes_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Causes des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Relationship_between_Malocclusion,_Benign_Joint_Hypermobility_Syndrome,_Condylar_Position_and_TMJ_Symptoms\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.4.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Relation entre la malocclusion, le syndrome d&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 articulaire b\u00e9nigne, la position condylienne et les sympt\u00f4mes de l&rsquo;ATM<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Hypermobility_in_Pregnant_Women\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.4.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Hypermobilit\u00e9 chez la femme enceinte<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Classifying_Temporomandibular_Disorders\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Classification des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Diagnostic_Classifications\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Classifications diagnostiques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Treatments_for_Temporomandibular_Disorders\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3.7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Traitements des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduction<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"thumb tright\">\n<div class=\"thumbinner\" style=\"width: 302px;\"><a class=\"image\" href=\"\/File:Jaw_closed.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"thumbimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Jaw_closed.jpg\/300px-Jaw_closed.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Jaw_closed.jpg\/450px-Jaw_closed.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d3\/Jaw_closed.jpg\/600px-Jaw_closed.jpg 2x\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"252\" data-file-width=\"1000\" data-file-height=\"840\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumbcaption\">\n<div class=\"magnify\"><\/div>\n<p>Figure 1. Articulation temporomandibulaire.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>L&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire (ATM) est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme l&rsquo;une des articulations les plus complexes du corps humain. Elle joue un r\u00f4le important dans l&rsquo;occlusion dentaire et le syst\u00e8me neuromusculaire.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 class\u00e9e \u00e0 la fois comme une articulation compos\u00e9e et comme une articulation double. Les articulations compos\u00e9es sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement constitu\u00e9es de trois os ou plus, mais l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire n&rsquo;en comporte que deux. Au lieu d&rsquo;un troisi\u00e8me os, un disque articulaire se trouve entre la fosse mandibulaire et le condyle (Figure 1). <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;anatomie, la biom\u00e9canique et la physiologie de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire sont abord\u00e9es en d\u00e9tail <a title=\"Anatomy of the Temperomandibular Joint\" href=\"\/Anatomy_of_the_Temperomandibular_Joint\">ici<\/a> et <a title=\"Physiology and Biomechanics of the Temporomandibular Joint\" href=\"\/Physiology_and_Biomechanics_of_the_Temporomandibular_Joint\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Causes_of_Facial_Pain\" class=\"mw-headline\">Causes de douleurs faciales <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Causes of Facial Pain\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Causes of Facial Pain\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires (DTM) sont la cause non dentaire la plus fr\u00e9quente de douleur faciale. D&rsquo;autres causes de douleur faciale sont : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Probl\u00e8mes dentaires et buccodentaires<\/li>\n<li>Sinusite maxillaire<\/li>\n<li>Affections des glandes salivaires<\/li>\n<li>Douleurs neuropathiques (r\u00e9gion du nerf trijumeau), telles que :\n<ul>\n<li>n\u00e9vralgie post-herp\u00e9tique trig\u00e9minale<\/li>\n<li>douleur trig\u00e9minale post-traumatique \/ douleur neuropathique trig\u00e9minale \/ odontalgie atypique<\/li>\n<li>syndrome de la bouche br\u00fblante<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Trigeminal Neuralgia\" href=\"\/Trigeminal_Neuralgia\">n\u00e9vralgie trig\u00e9minale <\/a> et ses variantes, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Causes vasculaires\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;<a title=\"Headaches and Dizziness\" href=\"\/Headaches_and_Dizziness\">art\u00e9rite giganto-cellulaire<\/a> doit \u00eatre envisag\u00e9e chez les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es de plus de 50 ans qui pr\u00e9sentent des douleurs temporales qui imitent les DTM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NB : La douleur orofaciale chronique peut \u00eatre bilat\u00e9rale ou unilat\u00e9rale.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;article suivant, en anglais original, traite en d\u00e9tail des causes de la douleur orofaciale constante ou \u00e9pisodique :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bjanaesthesia.org\/article\/S0007-0912(17)32972-0\/fulltext\" rel=\"nofollow\">Differential diagnosis of facial pain and guidelines for management<\/a><\/li>\n<li>En particulier, la <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/els-jbs-prod-cdn.jbs.elsevierhealth.com\/cms\/attachment\/4d516048-d581-4d0a-95d6-70a0a679e93d\/gr1.jpg\" rel=\"nofollow\">figure 1<\/a> de cet article d\u00e9crit comment distinguer les diff\u00e9rentes causes de douleur \u00e9pisodique et constante.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Temporomandibular_Disorders\" class=\"mw-headline\">D\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Laplanche d\u00e9finit les DTM comme un trouble musculaire et articulaire.<sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup> Les DTM englobent diverses anomalies anatomiques, histologiques et fonctionnelles, qui affectent les composantes musculaires et\/ou articulaires de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire et pr\u00e9sentent des caract\u00e9ristiques cliniques vari\u00e9es. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-6\">(6) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lzycl-a-3PU?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-8\">(8)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Epidemiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Le nombre de patients se pr\u00e9sentant dans les services de physioth\u00e9rapie avec des douleurs de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire est en augmentation. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> Les recherches sugg\u00e8rent qu&rsquo;environ la moiti\u00e9 de la population pr\u00e9sente au moins un signe de DTM. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:11_10-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:11-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es de 20 \u00e0 40 ans d\u00e9clarent plus fr\u00e9quemment des DTM. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Les femmes sont plus susceptibles de souffrir de DTM que les hommes (avec un rapport d&rsquo;environ 3:1). <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>S&rsquo;il est vrai que le nombre de cas augmente, la pr\u00e9valence des DTM varie consid\u00e9rablement d&rsquo;une publication \u00e0 l&rsquo;autre. Ces variations sont probablement dues aux diff\u00e9rences dans : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>les m\u00e9thodes de collecte des donn\u00e9es;<\/li>\n<li>la terminologie descriptive;<\/li>\n<li>les m\u00e9thodes d&rsquo;analyse;<\/li>\n<li>les facteurs individuels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Une \u00e9tude de Manfredini et de ses coll\u00e8gues <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_11-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>45 % des patients souffrant de DTM ont des douleurs musculaires;<\/li>\n<li>41 % ont un d\u00e9rangement discal;<\/li>\n<li>34 % ont des douleurs articulaires.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dans la population g\u00e9n\u00e9rale : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_11-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>9,7 % des individus souffraient de douleurs musculaires associ\u00e9es aux DTM;<\/li>\n<li>11,4 % pr\u00e9sentaient un d\u00e9placement discal;<\/li>\n<li>2,6 % avaient des probl\u00e8mes articulaires.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>35 % des individus peuvent avoir des DTM asymptomatiques <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> et jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 75 % de la population adulte peut \u00eatre affect\u00e9e par des douleurs de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> Cependant, on estime que seulement 3,6 \u00e0 7 % des personnes souffrant d&rsquo;un DTM auront besoin de traitement. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup> Les gens sont plus susceptibles de consulter en cas de douleur (90 %) et de sympt\u00f4mes acoustiques (65 %). <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Symptoms\" class=\"mw-headline\">Sympt\u00f4mes<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Symptoms\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Symptoms\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Les sympt\u00f4mes suivants sont associ\u00e9s aux DTM : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Douleur (le sympt\u00f4me qui appara\u00eet le plus fr\u00e9quemment) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_12-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Habituellement dans la r\u00e9gion pr\u00e9auriculaire et\/ou les muscles masticateurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Amplitude limit\u00e9e des mouvements mandibulaires <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_12-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e9sence de bruits de l&rsquo;ATM, tels que craquements, claquements, grincements ou cr\u00e9pitations <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_12-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Otalgie, c\u00e9phal\u00e9e, douleur de la m\u00e2choire et douleur faciale<\/li>\n<li>Hypertrophie non douloureuse des muscles masticateurs<\/li>\n<li>Abrasion occlusale anormale associ\u00e9e \u00e0 une parafonction orale (qui peut \u00eatre li\u00e9e au grincement des dents et au serrement des m\u00e2choires)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 constat\u00e9 que 87 % des patients pr\u00e9sentent des sympt\u00f4mes otologiques (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire des sympt\u00f4mes li\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;oreille), dont : <sup id=\"cite_ref-13\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Acouph\u00e8ne<\/li>\n<li>Surdit\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9tourdissements<\/li>\n<li>Troubles de l&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre<\/li>\n<li>Pl\u00e9nitude de l&rsquo;oreille<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/_ZJvenEbTNM?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-14\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Internal_Derangement_of_the_Temporomandibular_Joint\" class=\"mw-headline\">D\u00e9rangement interne de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Internal Derangement of the Temporomandibular Joint\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;un des troubles intracapsulaires les plus courants associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l&rsquo;ATM survient lorsque le disque articulaire est positionn\u00e9 ant\u00e9rieurement dans l&rsquo;articulation (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire subluxation\/luxation ant\u00e9rieure) : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_15-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-15\">(15) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dans les cas graves, l&rsquo;amplitude articulaire peut \u00eatre limit\u00e9e par la luxation du disque\/condyle, provoquant un blocage (qui peut \u00eatre douloureux ou non).<\/li>\n<li>Lorsqu&rsquo;il y a un blocage, l&rsquo;articulation ne peut plus fonctionner selon les \u00ab r\u00e8gles \u00bb d&rsquo;une articulation synoviale, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire sans douleur, sans frottement et avec une bonne amplitude articulaire.\n<ul>\n<li>Lorsqu&rsquo;un \u00ab\u00a0clic\u00a0\u00bb se produit, cela signifie que l&rsquo;articulation n&rsquo;est pas exempte de frottement. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_15-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le d\u00e9placement ant\u00e9rieur du disque peut \u00eatre caus\u00e9 par une perte de l&rsquo;arthrocin\u00e9matique normale (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire le patron de mouvement de l&rsquo;articulation). Dans une articulation normale, les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes suivants se produisent lors de l&rsquo;ouverture de la bouche : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_15-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rotation du d\u00e9but jusqu&rsquo;au milieu de l&rsquo;amplitude du mouvement\n<ul>\n<li>Cette rotation se produit au condyle mandibulaire, surface articulaire inf\u00e9rieure de l&rsquo;ATM, et la surface articulaire inf\u00e9rieure du disque.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Pour obtenir une amplitude de mouvement fonctionnelle (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire 35 \u00e0 40 mm) et une ouverture buccale fonctionnelle, la rotation est suivie d&rsquo;une courte translation ant\u00e9rieure (entre la surface articulaire sup\u00e9rieure du disque et l&rsquo;\u00e9minence articulaire du temporal).\n<ul>\n<li>Si cette s\u00e9quence de mouvements est alt\u00e9r\u00e9 et qu&rsquo;il y a un important glissement ant\u00e9rieur de la mandibule, le tissu conjonctif post\u00e9rieur au disque a tendance \u00e0 s&rsquo;\u00e9tirer excessivement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NB : Le tissu conjonctif permet g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement au disque de revenir \u00e0 sa position initiale. Cependant, si le tissu conjonctif reste \u00e9tir\u00e9, il c\u00e8de progressivement et ne peut plus revenir \u00e0 sa longueur normale. Cela peut se produire en cas d&rsquo;amplitude articulaire excessive, sollicitant les ligaments ou la capsule articulaire de mani\u00e8re trop importante.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Bien que le tissu conjonctif soit principalement non \u00e9lastique, il a la capacit\u00e9 de \u00ab s&rsquo;\u00e9tirer l\u00e9g\u00e8rement \u00bb en raison de sa forme ondul\u00e9e &#8211; cet \u00ab \u00e9tirement l\u00e9ger \u00bb ressemble \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9. Le temps n\u00e9cessaire pour que le tissu perde d\u00e9finitivement son \u00ab\u00a0\u00e9lasticit\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb n&rsquo;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9. Cependant, lorsque ces structures perdent de leur \u00e9lasticit\u00e9, le disque commence \u00e0 adopter une position ant\u00e9rieure.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Cette position entra\u00eene des microtraumatismes constants et, avec le temps, l&rsquo;articulation peut devenir instable ou hypermobile. Les patients peuvent pr\u00e9senter des signes cliniques tels que des cr\u00e9pitations ou d&rsquo;autres bruits articulaires. Un blocage se produit lorsque le disque est en luxation ant\u00e9rieure compl\u00e8te (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire une \u00ab\u00a0articulation bloqu\u00e9e\u00a0\u00bb).<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Lorsqu&rsquo;un disque est dans cette position, un traitement est n\u00e9cessaire pour r\u00e9tablir la relation fonctionnelle normale entre le condyle, le disque et l&rsquo;\u00e9minence articulaire.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_15-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5o3006WwL0E?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Causes_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders\" class=\"mw-headline\">Causes des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Causes of Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Causes of Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9tiologie des DTM fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;un d\u00e9bat dans la recherche depuis un certain nombre d&rsquo;ann\u00e9es. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:11_10-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:11-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup> Navr\u00e1til et ses coll\u00e8gues <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> proposent une th\u00e9orie multifactorielle pour expliquer les causes des DTM. Ces causes peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9parties dans les groupes suivants : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>maladies inflammatoires;<\/li>\n<li>maladie d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative du cartilage articulaire;<\/li>\n<li>changements dans la position du disque articulaire (par exemple, luxation);<\/li>\n<li>atteintes extra-capsulaires affectant les structures extra-articulaires, ainsi que les muscles masticateurs et les ligaments;<\/li>\n<li>troubles du mouvement tels que l&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 (voir ci-dessous);<\/li>\n<li>changements affectant le rachis cervical associ\u00e9s \u00e0 des spasmes des muscles cervicaux;<\/li>\n<li>accidents et\/ou blessures.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ces articulations peuvent \u00eatre trop sollicit\u00e9es pour un certain nombre de raisons, notamment : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_5-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dents manquantes;<\/li>\n<li>contraintes articulatoires;<\/li>\n<li>proth\u00e8ses dentaires de taille inappropri\u00e9e;<\/li>\n<li>anomalies buccales.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Chang et ses coll\u00e8gues proposent les causes suivantes de <b>d\u00e9rangement interne<\/b> de l&rsquo;ATM : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_1-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>traumatisme direct;<\/li>\n<li>microtraumatismes;<\/li>\n<li>alt\u00e9ration de la relation occlusale;<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de la matrice extracellulaire de l&rsquo;ATM;<\/li>\n<li>changement du liquide synovial.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Relationship_between_Malocclusion.2C_Benign_Joint_Hypermobility_Syndrome.2C_Condylar_Position_and_TMJ_Symptoms\"><\/span><span id=\"Relationship_between_Malocclusion,_Benign_Joint_Hypermobility_Syndrome,_Condylar_Position_and_TMJ_Symptoms\" class=\"mw-headline\">Relation entre la malocclusion, le syndrome d&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 articulaire b\u00e9nigne, la position condylienne et les sympt\u00f4mes de l&rsquo;ATM <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Relationship between Malocclusion, Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome, Condylar Position and TMJ Symptoms\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Relationship between Malocclusion, Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome, Condylar Position and TMJ Symptoms\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Barrera-Mora <sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup> ont examin\u00e9 l&rsquo;association entre les DTM, la malocclusion, le <a title=\"Benign Joint Hypermobility Syndrome\" href=\"\/Benign_Joint_Hypermobility_Syndrome\">syndrome d&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 articulaire b\u00e9nigne (SHAB)<\/a> et la position condylienne initiale. Ils ont constat\u00e9 que : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-19\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>il n&rsquo;existe pas de position initiale \u00ab\u00a0bien d\u00e9finie\u00a0\u00bb pour le condyle dans les sch\u00e9mas d&rsquo;occlusion ou de malocclusion \u00e9tablis;<\/li>\n<li>il n&rsquo;y a pas de relation statistiquement significative entre la SHAB, le degr\u00e9 de d\u00e9placement condylien ou les DTM;<\/li>\n<li>il existe toutefois une relation entre les sch\u00e9mas de malocclusion (en particulier la malocclusion de classe II et la b\u00e9ance (\u00ab\u00a0open bite\u00a0\u00bb));<\/li>\n<li>l&rsquo;occlusion crois\u00e9e ant\u00e9rieure peut \u00eatre un facteur de risque pour les sympt\u00f4mes de l&rsquo;ATM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span id=\"Hypermobility_in_Pregnant_Women\" class=\"mw-headline\">Hypermobilit\u00e9 chez la femme enceinte <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Hypermobility in Pregnant Women\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Hypermobility in Pregnant Women\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Silveira et ses coll\u00e8gues <sup id=\"cite_ref-:9_20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:9-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup> ont \u00e9tudi\u00e9 un lien potentiel entre l&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 syst\u00e9mique et l&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;ATM pendant la grossesse. Ils ont constat\u00e9 que bien qu&rsquo;il y ait une incidence \u00e9lev\u00e9e d&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 chez les femmes enceintes\u00a0\u00bb, celle-ci n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas associ\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;hypermobilit\u00e9 temporomandibulaire et aux DTM. Cependant, la plupart des femmes enceintes connaissent des changements posturaux (par exemple, projection ant\u00e9rieure de la t\u00eate, posture ant\u00e9rieure) \u00e0 partir du premier trimestre. Ces changements peuvent affecter leur centre de gravit\u00e9 et les pr\u00e9disposer aux DTM pendant la grossesse.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:9_20-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:9-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 648px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 640px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QL-XzKTVXe8?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-21\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Classifying_Temporomandibular_Disorders\" class=\"mw-headline\">Classification des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Classifying Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Classifying Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Les DTM peuvent \u00eatre class\u00e9s en troubles articulaires et non articulaires.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Les troubles articulaires comprennent :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Gonarthrose\" href=\"\/Osteoarthritis\">arthrose;<\/a><\/li>\n<li>trauma;<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"arthrite septique (infectieuse)\" href=\"\/Septic_(Infectious)_Arthritis\">arthrite septique (infectieuse)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>chirurgie ant\u00e9rieure (iatrog\u00e9nique);<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Gout\" href=\"\/Gout\">goutte<\/a> \/ pseudogoutte (arthropathies microcristallines);<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Rheumatoid Arthritis\" href=\"\/Rheumatoid_Arthritis\">polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde (PR)<\/a>\/<a class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis\" href=\"\/Juvenile_Rheumatoid_Arthritis\">arthrite juv\u00e9nile;<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Psoriatic Arthritis\" href=\"\/Psoriatic_Arthritis\">arthrite psoriasique;<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Ankylosing Spondylitis (Axial Spondyloarthritis)\" href=\"\/Ankylosing_Spondylitis_(Axial_Spondyloarthritis)\">spondylarthrite axiale <\/a> (\u00e9galement connue sous le nom de spondylarthrite ankylosante).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les troubles articulaires sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement class\u00e9s selon la classification de Wilkes pour le d\u00e9rangement interne de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Stade pr\u00e9coce<\/li>\n<li>Stade pr\u00e9coce\/interm\u00e9diaire<\/li>\n<li>Stade interm\u00e9diaire<\/li>\n<li>Stade interm\u00e9diaire\/tardif<\/li>\n<li>Stade tardif<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La classification compl\u00e8te est disponible dans cet article, en anglais original : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/243965561_Epidemiology_Diagnosis_and_Treatment_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders\" rel=\"nofollow\">Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders<\/a> (voir encadr\u00e9 1)<\/p>\n<p>Les troubles non articulaires comprennent : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>douleur myofasciale;<\/li>\n<li>blessure musculaire aigu\u00eb;<\/li>\n<li>spasme musculaire;<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Fibromyalgie\" href=\"\/Fibromyalgia\">fibromyalgie;<\/a><\/li>\n<li>douleur chronique;<\/li>\n<li>dystrophie myotonique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Diagnostic_Classifications\" class=\"mw-headline\">Classifications diagnostiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Classifications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Classifications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>En 1992, les crit\u00e8res diagnostiques de recherche pour les d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires (CDR\/DTM) ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9s. Les crit\u00e8res ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mis \u00e0 jour en 2010. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_23-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup> Bien qu&rsquo;ils pr\u00e9sentent un certain nombre d&rsquo;avantages, Shaffer et ses coll\u00e8gues <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_23-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup> ont identifi\u00e9 les limitations suivantes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>de nombreux patients pr\u00e9sentent un tableau clinique complexe et n&rsquo;entrent pas dans une seule cat\u00e9gorie;<\/li>\n<li>le rachis cervical et la science de la douleur ne sont pas pris en compte.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Il est donc essentiel de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une anamn\u00e8se compl\u00e8te et \u00e0 une \u00e9valuation approfondie pour diagnostiquer les DTM.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_23-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup> Cliquer <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4062347\/table\/jmt-22-01-0002-t01\/?report=objectonly\" rel=\"nofollow\">ici <\/a> pour consulter le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude de Shaffer et de ses coll\u00e8gues <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_23-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup> sur la classification et les patrons cliniques des DTM primaires et r\u00e9currents.<\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Treatments_for_Temporomandibular_Disorders\" class=\"mw-headline\">Traitements des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Treatments for Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Treatments for Temporomandibular Disorders\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Un traitement efficace des DTM n\u00e9cessite des soins de physioth\u00e9rapie complets, bas\u00e9s sur la th\u00e9rapie physique et manuelle, ainsi que sur l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_9-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup> Le traitement du d\u00e9rangement interne et de l&rsquo;arthrose de l&rsquo;ATM peut \u00eatre class\u00e9 en trois grandes cat\u00e9gories : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>non invasif;<\/li>\n<li>peu invasif;<\/li>\n<li>invasif.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Liu et Steinkeler <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup> sugg\u00e8rent qu&rsquo;une approche multidisciplinaire est n\u00e9cessaire pour un traitement efficace. En outre, le traitement ne doit \u00eatre intensifi\u00e9 qu&rsquo;en cas d&rsquo;\u00e9chec des modalit\u00e9s plus conservatrices, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire que les interventions doivent d&rsquo;abord se concentrer sur les options les moins invasives\/les plus r\u00e9versibles.<\/p>\n<p>Les objectifs ultimes du traitement sont : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_22-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>de r\u00e9duire les douleurs;<\/li>\n<li>d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la fonction et l&rsquo;ouverture de la bouche;<\/li>\n<li>de pr\u00e9venir tout dommage suppl\u00e9mentaire aux articulations;<\/li>\n<li>d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la qualit\u00e9 de vie et r\u00e9duire les morbidit\u00e9s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-0\">1.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-1\">1.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-2\">1.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-3\">1.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-4\">1.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-5\">1.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-6\">1.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_1-7\">1.7<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Chang CL, Wang DH, Yang MC, Hsu WE, Hsu ML. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1016\/j.kjms.2018.01.004\" rel=\"nofollow\">Functional disorders of the temporomandibular joints: Internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint<\/a>. 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CCHMC EBDM Website Guideline 43. 22 p.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:9-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:9_20-0\">20.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:9_20-1\">20.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Silveira EB, Rocabado M, Russo AK, Cogo JC, Osorio RA. Incidence of systemic joint hypermobility and temporomandibular joint hypermobility in pregnancy. Cranio. 2005;23(2):138-43.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-21\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Teeth Talk Girl. TMJ Explained | Jaw Pain Causes &amp; Symptoms. 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Dent Clin North Am. 2013;57(3):465-79.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:10-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_23-0\">23.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_23-1\">23.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_23-2\">23.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_23-3\">23.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Shaffer SM, Brism\u00e9e JM, Sizer PS, Courtney CA. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4062347\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Temporomandibular disorders. Part 1: anatomy and examination\/diagnosis<\/a>. <i>J Man Manip Ther<\/i>. 2014;22(1):2-12.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20241017064201 Cache expiry: 0 Reduced expiry: true Complications: (show\u2010toc) CPU time usage: 0.116 seconds Real time usage: 0.125 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 515\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 213\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/100 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 17949\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 9.489 1 Special:Contributors\/Aetiology,_Symptoms_and_Clinical_Classifications_of_Temporomandibular_Disorders 100.00% 9.489 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9dactrice originale &#8211; Jess Bell d&rsquo;apr\u00e8s le cours de Victoria Reboredo Principales collaboratrices &#8211; Jess Bell, Wanda van Niekerk, Kim Jackson et Olajumoke Ogunleye Contenu 1 Introduction 2 Causes de douleurs faciales 3 D\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires 3.1 \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie 3.2 Sympt\u00f4mes 3.3 D\u00e9rangement interne de l&rsquo;articulation temporomandibulaire 3.4 Causes des d\u00e9sordres temporomandibulaires 3.4.1 Relation entre la malocclusion, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11195","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11195"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11195\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}