{"id":10889,"date":"2024-10-07T15:17:48","date_gmt":"2024-10-07T15:17:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/general-overview-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-for-rehabilitation-professionals-fr\/"},"modified":"2024-10-09T05:38:02","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T05:38:02","slug":"general-overview-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-for-rehabilitation-professionals-fr","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/general-overview-of-rheumatoid-arthritis-for-rehabilitation-professionals-fr\/","title":{"rendered":"Pr\u00e9sentation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde \u00e0 l&rsquo;intention des professionnels de la r\u00e9adaptation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\">\n<div class=\"editorbox\"><b>R\u00e9dactrice originale <\/b>&#8211; <a class=\"new\" title=\"User:Shala Cunningham (page does not exist)\" href=\"\/index.php?title=User:Shala_Cunningham&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">Shala Cunningham<\/a> <b>Principale collaboratice<\/b> &#8211; <a class=\"mw-userlink\" title=\"User:Jess Bell\" href=\"\/User:Jess_Bell\"><bdi>Jess Bell<\/bdi><\/a><\/div>\n<div id=\"toc\" class=\"toc\" role=\"navigation\" aria-labelledby=\"mw-toc-heading\"><input id=\"toctogglecheckbox\" class=\"toctogglecheckbox\" style=\"display: none;\" role=\"button\" type=\"checkbox\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"toctitle\" dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">\n<h2 id=\"mw-toc-heading\">Contenu<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-1\"><a href=\"#Introduction\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-2\"><a href=\"#Epidemiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-3\"><a href=\"#Risk_Factors\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">3<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Facteurs de risque<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-4\"><a href=\"#Clinical_Characteristics\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">4<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Caract\u00e9ristiques cliniques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-5\"><a href=\"#Typical_Joint_Deformities\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">5<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">D\u00e9formations articulaires typiques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-6\"><a href=\"#Pathophysiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Physiopathologie<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-7\"><a href=\"#Basic_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_Pathophysiology\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">6.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Aper\u00e7u de la physiopathologie de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-8\"><a href=\"#Diagnosis\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Diagnostic<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-9\"><a href=\"#Diagnostic_Tests\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Tests diagnostiques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-10\"><a href=\"#Diagnostic_Criteria\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">7.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Crit\u00e8res diagnostiques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-11\"><a href=\"#Treatment_for_Rheumatoid_Arthritis\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Prise en charge de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-12\"><a href=\"#Pharmacological_Management\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Prise en charge pharmacologique<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-13\"><a href=\"#Disease-Modifying_Antirheumatic_Drugs_(DMARDS)\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.1.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">M\u00e9dicaments antirhumatismaux modificateurs de la maladie (ARMM)<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-14\"><a href=\"#Other_Medications\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.1.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Autres m\u00e9dicaments<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-2 tocsection-15\"><a href=\"#Non-pharmacological_Management\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Prise en charge non pharmacologique<\/span><\/a>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-16\"><a href=\"#Exercise_\/_Physical_Activity\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.2.1<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Exercice et activit\u00e9 physique<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-3 tocsection-17\"><a href=\"#Other_Non-pharmacological_Interventions\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">8.2.2<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Autres interventions non pharmacologiques<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-18\"><a href=\"#Additional_Resources\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">9<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">Ressources suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"toclevel-1 tocsection-19\"><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"tocnumber\">10<\/span> <span class=\"toctext\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Introduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Introduction<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Introduction\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>La polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde (PR) est une \u00ab\u00a0maladie syst\u00e9mique auto-immune inflammatoire chronique qui se manifeste g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement par une inflammation des articulations entra\u00eenant des douleurs, de la fatigue et une alt\u00e9ration du fonctionnement physique et de la productivit\u00e9 au travail, ce qui a un impact n\u00e9gatif sur la qualit\u00e9 de vie li\u00e9e \u00e0 la sant\u00e9\u00a0\u00bb. <sup id=\"cite_ref-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-1\">(1)<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>La PR affecte g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement les mains, les poignets, les \u00e9paules, les coudes, les genoux, les chevilles et les pieds.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Comme il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;une maladie syst\u00e9mique, elle peut affecter de mani\u00e8re significative un certain nombre de syst\u00e8mes corporels, y compris les syst\u00e8mes cardiovasculaire et respiratoire.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-4\">(4)<\/a><\/sup> En l&rsquo;absence de traitement ad\u00e9quat, la PR peut entra\u00eener une invalidit\u00e9 de longue dur\u00e9e, des douleurs et un d\u00e9c\u00e8s pr\u00e9matur\u00e9.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_6-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup> Bien que la gestion pharmacologique soit le traitement principal de la PR, <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_5-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup> les professionnels de la r\u00e9adaptation peuvent jouer un r\u00f4le dans la prise en charge non pharmacologique de cette maladie.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Epidemiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Epidemiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La PR touche environ 1 % de la population mondiale, <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> et jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 3 % des personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:2_5-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:2-5\">(5)<\/a><\/sup> Elle est 2 \u00e0 3 fois plus fr\u00e9quente chez les femmes. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:3_6-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:3-6\">(6)<\/a><\/sup> Toutefois, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la prise en charge m\u00e9dicale, la gravit\u00e9, la mortalit\u00e9 et les comorbidit\u00e9s associ\u00e9es semblent diminuer. <sup id=\"cite_ref-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-7\">(7)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e2ge maximal d&rsquo;apparition de la PR tend \u00e0 se situer dans des populations plus jeunes (environ 30-60 ans), bien que les fourchettes d&rsquo;\u00e2ge exactes indiqu\u00e9es dans la litt\u00e9rature varient : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_8-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-8\">(8) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-9\">(9)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dans la litt\u00e9rature, on distingue la PR \u00e0 d\u00e9but pr\u00e9coce de la PR \u00e0 d\u00e9but tardif (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire apr\u00e8s 60 ans) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:4_8-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:4-8\">(8) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-10\">(10)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Slobodin <sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-11\">(11)<\/a><\/sup> note que l&rsquo;\u00e2ge maximal d&rsquo;apparition de la PR a augment\u00e9\n<ul>\n<li>dans les ann\u00e9es 1930, il se situait dans la trentaine<\/li>\n<li>dans les ann\u00e9es 2010, il \u00e9tait de 50 ou 60 ans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Risk_Factors\" class=\"mw-headline\">Facteurs de risque <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Risk Factors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Risk Factors\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>La PR est une maladie multifactorielle li\u00e9e \u00e0 divers facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques, environnementaux et autres : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>des facteurs g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques<\/b>: les all\u00e8les HLA-DRB1 sont li\u00e9s \u00e0 un risque accru de d\u00e9velopper une PR <sup id=\"cite_ref-12\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-12\">(12)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><b>certains facteurs environnementaux<\/b> chez des individus g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement pr\u00e9dispos\u00e9s, tels que :\n<ul>\n<li>le tabagisme<\/li>\n<li>les infections (par exemple, les maladies parodontales, <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> le virus d&rsquo;Epstein-Barr, les superantig\u00e8nes bact\u00e9riens, etc.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_13-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>les agents di\u00e9t\u00e9tiques <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><b>les facteurs hormonaux <\/b>: <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_13-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>les effets des \u0153strog\u00e8nes sur la fonction immunitaire joueraient un r\u00f4le dans la pr\u00e9dominance f\u00e9minine de la PR<\/li>\n<li>d&rsquo;autres facteurs li\u00e9s au sexe sont probablement \u00e9galement impliqu\u00e9s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Clinical_Characteristics\" class=\"mw-headline\">Caract\u00e9ristiques cliniques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Clinical Characteristics\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Clinical Characteristics\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les sympt\u00f4mes articulaires courants de la PR comprennent : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>des douleurs articulaires sym\u00e9triques (poignets, doigts, MCP, genoux, chevilles, pieds et rachis cervical sup\u00e9rieur fr\u00e9quemment touch\u00e9s);<\/li>\n<li>de la raideur matinale qui dure plus d&rsquo;une heure ou raideur apr\u00e8s une p\u00e9riode d&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9;<\/li>\n<li>de la chaleur et de la sensibilit\u00e9 des articulations apr\u00e8s plus d&rsquo;une heure d&rsquo;inactivit\u00e9;<\/li>\n<li>une perte ou limitation de l&rsquo;amplitude des mouvements;<\/li>\n<li>des d\u00e9formations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Typical_Joint_Deformities\" class=\"mw-headline\">D\u00e9formations articulaires typiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Typical Joint Deformities\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Typical Joint Deformities\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>Rachis cervical <\/b>: la pr\u00e9valence de l&rsquo;instabilit\u00e9 atlanto-axiale (IAA) chez les personnes atteintes de PR est de 40 \u00e0 85 % <sup id=\"cite_ref-15\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-15\">(15)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>hypermobilit\u00e9 entre C1 et C2<\/li>\n<li>laxit\u00e9 du ligament transverse<\/li>\n<li>risque de subluxation<\/li>\n<li>possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;atteinte neurologique<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Main <\/b>: <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>d\u00e9formation en col de cygne<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e9formation en boutonni\u00e8re<\/li>\n<li>d\u00e9formation en coup de vent ulnaire<\/li>\n<li>flexion m\u00e9tacarpophalangienne du pouce avec hyperextension interphalangienne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-traditional\">\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div style=\"margin: 66.5px auto;\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"Swan neck deformity\" href=\"\/File:Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg\/250px-Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg\/375px-Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/d4\/Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg\/500px-Swan_Neck_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1745730308_-_small.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Swan neck deformity\" width=\"250\" height=\"247\" data-file-width=\"2944\" data-file-height=\"2904\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gallerytext\">\n<p>D\u00e9formation en col de cygne<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div style=\"margin: 36.5px auto;\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"Boutonniere deformity\" href=\"\/File:Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/12\/Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg\/250px-Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/12\/Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg\/375px-Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/1\/12\/Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg\/500px-Boutonniere_Deformity_-_Shutterstock_-_1316292974_small.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Boutonniere deformity\" width=\"250\" height=\"307\" data-file-width=\"2380\" data-file-height=\"2919\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gallerytext\">\n<p>D\u00e9formation en boutonni\u00e8re<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Genou <\/b>: <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>genu valgus<\/li>\n<li>kyste de Baker<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Cheville et pied <\/b>: <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pronation<\/li>\n<li>hallux valgus<\/li>\n<li>orteils en griffe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"gallery mw-gallery-traditional\">\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div style=\"margin: 78px auto;\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"Baker cyst\" href=\"\/File:Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg\/250px-Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg\/375px-Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/d\/dc\/Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg\/500px-Baker%27s_Cyst_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_2163640049.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Baker cyst\" width=\"250\" height=\"224\" data-file-width=\"2231\" data-file-height=\"1997\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gallerytext\">\n<p>Kyste de Baker<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div style=\"margin: 104.5px auto;\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"Hallux valgus\" href=\"\/File:Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fc\/Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg\/250px-Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fc\/Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg\/375px-Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/f\/fc\/Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg\/500px-Hallux_Valgus_-_Shutterstock_-_ID_1169111032_small.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Hallux valgus\" width=\"250\" height=\"171\" data-file-width=\"3840\" data-file-height=\"2625\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gallerytext\">\n<p>Hallux valgus<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"gallerybox\" style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div style=\"width: 285px;\">\n<div class=\"thumb\" style=\"width: 280px;\">\n<div style=\"margin: 75px auto;\"><a class=\"image\" title=\"Claw toe\" href=\"\/File:Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/50\/Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg\/250px-Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/50\/Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg\/375px-Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg 1.5x, https:\/\/www.physio-pedia.com\/images\/thumb\/5\/50\/Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg\/500px-Claw_Toe_-_Adapted_Shutterstock_-_ID_1565224276_small.jpg 2x\" alt=\"Claw toe\" width=\"250\" height=\"230\" data-file-width=\"2616\" data-file-height=\"2408\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"gallerytext\">\n<p>Orteil en griffe<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Autres sympt\u00f4mes et manifestations extra-articulaires <\/b>:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>probl\u00e8mes pulmonaires (par exemple, pleurite, \u00e9panchements pleuraux, fibrose pulmonaire, maladie pulmonaire interstitielle et art\u00e9rite) <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>probl\u00e8mes cardiaques (par exemple ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose, rigidit\u00e9 art\u00e9rielle, art\u00e9rite coronaire, insuffisance cardiaque congestive, maladies valvulaires et p\u00e9ricardite fibrineuse)<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>syndrome de Felty (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire faible taux de globules blancs, spl\u00e9nom\u00e9galie et arthrite rhumato\u00efde) <sup id=\"cite_ref-17\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-17\">(17)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>s\u00e9cheresse des yeux et de la bouche (syndrome de Sj\u00f6gren)<\/li>\n<li>engourdissement, picotement ou sensation de br\u00fblure dans les mains et les pieds<\/li>\n<li>difficult\u00e9s de sommeil<\/li>\n<li>nodules rhumato\u00efdes\n<ul>\n<li>elles surviennent davantage chez les personnes atteintes d&rsquo;une PR s\u00e9ropositive et d&rsquo;une maladie \u00e9rosive <sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup> (voir la section Physiopathologie pour plus d&rsquo;informations sur la PR s\u00e9ropositive et la PR s\u00e9ron\u00e9gative)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>fatigue<\/li>\n<li>r\u00e9duction des fonctions cognitives<\/li>\n<li>sarcop\u00e9nie<\/li>\n<li>ost\u00e9oporose<\/li>\n<li>vascularite (peut entra\u00eener des \u00ab\u00a0manifestations cutan\u00e9es, des complications gastro-intestinales, des maladies cardiaques et des manifestations pulmonaires\u00a0\u00bb<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_3-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:1-3\">(3)<\/a><\/sup>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Pathophysiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Physiopathologie<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Pathophysiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Pathophysiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Il existe deux sous-types principaux de PR : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PR s\u00e9ropositive : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;auto-anticorps, tels que le facteur rhumato\u00efde (FR) et les anticorps anti-prot\u00e9ines citrullin\u00e9es (ACPA pour anti-citrullinated protein antibodies, en anglais)<\/li>\n<li>auto-anticorps pr\u00e9sents chez 50 % des personnes atteintes de PR pr\u00e9coce et chez jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 80 % des personnes atteintes de PR \u00e9tablie<\/li>\n<li>ACPA pr\u00e9sents chez environ 67% des personnes atteintes de PR <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>PR s\u00e9ron\u00e9gative : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>souvent consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme moins s\u00e9v\u00e8re que la PR s\u00e9ropositive, mais il y a une certaine controverse \u00e0 ce sujet <sup id=\"cite_ref-:17_19-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:17-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>Volkov et al. notent que de nombreuses personnes atteintes d&rsquo;une PR FR-n\u00e9gative ou ACPA-n\u00e9gative ne d\u00e9veloppent pas de \u00ab maladie chronique progressive \u00bb. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:8_18-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:8-18\">(18)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Carbonell-Bobadilla et al. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:17_19-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:17-19\">(19)<\/a><\/sup> notent que les l\u00e9sions articulaires peuvent \u00eatre moins importantes dans la PR s\u00e9ron\u00e9gative mais que le risque cardiovasculaire \u00e0 long terme est similaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>d&rsquo;autres types d&rsquo;auto-anticorps peuvent \u00eatre pr\u00e9sents <sup id=\"cite_ref-:9_20-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:9-20\">(20)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Basic_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_Pathophysiology\" class=\"mw-headline\">Aper\u00e7u de la physiopathologie de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Basic Overview of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Basic Overview of Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathophysiology\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La physiopathologie de la PR est complexe. Les points suivants d\u00e9crivent la physiopathologie de la PR s\u00e9ropositive. Il est \u00e0 noter que les patients peuvent pr\u00e9senter des voies pathog\u00e8nes et des lign\u00e9es cellulaires diff\u00e9rentes : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_13-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-13\">(13) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:14_21-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:14-21\">(21) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:15_22-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:15-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Une personne g\u00e9n\u00e9tiquement pr\u00e9dispos\u00e9e est expos\u00e9e \u00e0 un facteur environnemental d\u00e9clencheur (par exemple, le tabagisme ou une infection), ce qui peut entra\u00eener un d\u00e9sordre immunitaire.<\/li>\n<li>Une immunit\u00e9 perturb\u00e9e peut conduire \u00e0 la citrullination de certaines prot\u00e9ines &#8211; la citrullination est la transformation de l&rsquo;acide amin\u00e9 arginine en citrulline. <sup id=\"cite_ref-23\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-23\">(23)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Les cellules pr\u00e9sentatrices d&rsquo;antig\u00e8nes reconnaissent ces prot\u00e9ines modifi\u00e9es comme \u00e9trang\u00e8res et les transportent vers les ganglions lymphatiques et les tissus muqueux et lympho\u00efdes, o\u00f9 elles activent les cellules T CD4+.<\/li>\n<li>Cela stimule la prolif\u00e9ration des cellules B et leur diff\u00e9renciation en plasmocytes.<\/li>\n<li>Ces plasmocytes produisent des auto-anticorps (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire des ACPA et le facteur rhumato\u00efde)\n<ul>\n<li>Les ACPA peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9tect\u00e9s avant l&rsquo;apparition des sympt\u00f4mes articulaires chez les personnes atteintes de PR. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>La production d&rsquo;ACPA indique une \u00ab\u00a0rupture de la tol\u00e9rance immunologique\u00a0\u00bb. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Les auto-anticorps peuvent alors migrer vers la synoviale articulaire.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Le gonflement sym\u00e9trique des petites articulations est le \u00ab\u00a0reflet externe de l&rsquo;inflammation de la membrane synoviale suite \u00e0 l&rsquo;activation immunitaire\u00a0\u00bb. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Une fois dans la synovie, les auto-anticorps commencent \u00e0 produire des cytokines pro-inflammatoires (par exemple l&rsquo;interf\u00e9ron-gamma et les interleukines)<\/li>\n<li>Les macrophages, les monocytes et les fibroblastes synoviaux lib\u00e8rent des cytokines, telles que le facteur de n\u00e9crose tumorale alpha (TNF alpha), l&rsquo;interleukine 6 (IL-6) et l&rsquo;IL-1.<\/li>\n<li>Les fibroblastes synoviaux commencent alors \u00e0 prolif\u00e9rer, ce qui augmente l&rsquo;inflammation des articulations (hyperplasie synoviale).<\/li>\n<li>La prolif\u00e9ration des cellules synoviales produit un pannus, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire une membrane synoviale \u00e9paissie compos\u00e9e de tissu de granulation destructeur.<\/li>\n<li>Ce pannus provoque l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion du cartilage et de l&rsquo;os.<\/li>\n<li>Les cellules synoviales activ\u00e9es produisent \u00e9galement des prot\u00e9ases qui d\u00e9gradent le cartilage.<\/li>\n<li>Les cytokines inflammatoires provoquent une augmentation de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 des ost\u00e9oclastes (cellules qui d\u00e9gradent les os). Il y a \u00e9galement une diminution de l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 des ost\u00e9oblastes (cellules qui r\u00e9parent et forment de l&rsquo;os nouveau).<\/li>\n<li>Cela conduit \u00e0 une perte d&rsquo;os articulaire et \u00e0 l&rsquo;ost\u00e9oporose.<\/li>\n<li>Les ACPA et FR forment des complexes immunitaires qui activent le syst\u00e8me du compl\u00e9ment (une partie importante du syst\u00e8me immunitaire inn\u00e9 <sup id=\"cite_ref-24\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-24\">(24)<\/a><\/sup>), ce qui entra\u00eene une inflammation chronique.<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;angiogen\u00e8se (c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire la formation de nouveaux capillaires \u00e0 partir du syst\u00e8me vasculaire existant <sup id=\"cite_ref-25\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-25\">(25)<\/a><\/sup>) se produit parall\u00e8lement \u00e0 l&rsquo;inflammation chronique, ce qui permet \u00e0 un plus grand nombre de cellules inflammatoires d&rsquo;atteindre les articulations.<\/li>\n<li>Cela produit des facteurs pro-inflammatoires suppl\u00e9mentaires, qui exacerbent les processus existants.<\/li>\n<li>Au fur et \u00e0 mesure de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la PR, plusieurs articulations des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du corps sont touch\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<li>Les cytokines inflammatoires se propagent \u00e9galement \u00e0 d&rsquo;autres parties du corps, provoquant des sympt\u00f4mes extra-articulaires, tels que :\n<ul>\n<li>la vascularite;<\/li>\n<li>les nodules rhumato\u00efdes;<\/li>\n<li>la d\u00e9gradation des prot\u00e9ines dans le muscle squelettique.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>La PR peut \u00e9voluer en dents de scie, avec des exacerbations (pouss\u00e9es) et des p\u00e9riodes de r\u00e9mission. <sup id=\"cite_ref-26\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-26\">(26)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ce processus complexe est expliqu\u00e9 en d\u00e9tail dans l&rsquo;article <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5920070\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies<\/a><sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup> et dans les vid\u00e9os suivantes (en anglais original) :<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/e_NZk8nFSPA?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-:14_21-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:14-21\">(21)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EB5zxdAQGzU?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-:15_22-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:15-22\">(22)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"Diagnosis\" class=\"mw-headline\">Diagnostic<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Diagnosis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Diagnosis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span id=\"Diagnostic_Tests\" class=\"mw-headline\">Tests diagnostiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Tests\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Tests\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Les tests de laboratoire suivants aident \u00e0 diagnostiquer une PR <i>s\u00e9ropositive <\/i>:<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Facteur rhumato\u00efde\n<ul>\n<li>Environ 80 % des personnes atteintes de PR ont un facteur rhumato\u00efde.<\/li>\n<li>Taux de faux positifs : Environ 5%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Test d&rsquo;anticorps anti-peptides citrullin\u00e9s cycliques (anti-CCP)\n<ul>\n<li>L&rsquo;apparition de ACPA est fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9e pour diagnostiquer et pr\u00e9dire la PR.<\/li>\n<li>Il a une sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9e de &gt;97%. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_16-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:7-16\">(16)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>Les taux de sensibilit\u00e9 varient dans la litt\u00e9rature, de 50 \u00e0 95 %. <sup id=\"cite_ref-27\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-27\">(27) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-28\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-28\">(28) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-29\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-29\">(29)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les autres tests comprennent : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>la prot\u00e9ine C-r\u00e9active (CRP pour \u00ab\u00a0C-reactive protein\u00a0\u00bb en anglais) : marqueur inflammatoire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral;<\/li>\n<li>la vitesse de s\u00e9dimentation (VS);\n<ul>\n<li>activit\u00e9 relative du processus pathologique<\/li>\n<li>mesure non sp\u00e9cifique de l&rsquo;inflammation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>la formule sanguine compl\u00e8te;<\/li>\n<li>des radiographies;\n<ul>\n<li>ne d\u00e9montrera pas d&rsquo;apparition pr\u00e9coce de la PR <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_30-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li>au cours des stades ult\u00e9rieurs, les \u00e9l\u00e9ments suivants peuvent \u00eatre mis en \u00e9vidence \u00e0 la radiographie :\n<ul>\n<li>surfaces articulaires irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res<\/li>\n<li>diminution de l&rsquo;espace articulaire<\/li>\n<li>alignement anormal des articulations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>l&rsquo;analyse du liquide synovial;\n<ul>\n<li>augmentation du nombre de globules blancs<\/li>\n<li>augmentation de la collag\u00e9nase<\/li>\n<li>augmentation des d\u00e9bris (prot\u00e9ines)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Diagnostic_Criteria\" class=\"mw-headline\">Crit\u00e8res diagnostiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Criteria\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Diagnostic Criteria\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Les <b>crit\u00e8res de classification de l&rsquo;American College of Rheumatology (ACR, coll\u00e8ge am\u00e9ricain de rhumatologie) de 1987 pour la PR<\/b> sont les suivants : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:11_31-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:11-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>raideur matinale des articulations et de leur p\u00e9riph\u00e9rie qui dure au moins une heure;<\/li>\n<li>gonflement des tissus mous de trois r\u00e9gions articulaires ou plus;<\/li>\n<li>gonflement des articulations interphalangiennes proximales, m\u00e9tacarpophalangiennes ou des poignets;<\/li>\n<li>gonflement sym\u00e9trique;<\/li>\n<li>nodules rhumato\u00efdes;<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00e9sence du facteur rhumato\u00efde;<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9rosions radiographiques et\/ou ost\u00e9op\u00e9nie p\u00e9riarticulaire dans les articulations de la main et\/ou du poignet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Les quatre premiers crit\u00e8res doivent \u00eatre pr\u00e9sents depuis au moins six semaines. Dans ce syst\u00e8me, la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde est \u00e9tablie par la pr\u00e9sence d&rsquo;au moins quatre des crit\u00e8res susmentionn\u00e9s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:11_31-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:11-31\">(31)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Si ces crit\u00e8res \u00ab\u00a0sont bien accept\u00e9s comme \u00e9tant la r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour la d\u00e9finition de la maladie\u00a0\u00bb, <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_30-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup> ils pr\u00e9sentent des limites car ils sont con\u00e7us pour diff\u00e9rencier les personnes atteintes d&rsquo;une PR confirm\u00e9e des autres affections rhumatologiques. Ils ne permettent donc pas d&rsquo;identifier les personnes atteintes de PR \u00e0 un stade pr\u00e9coce.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_30-2\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Les <b>crit\u00e8res diagnostiques de l&rsquo;ACR\/ EULAR (ligue europ\u00e9enne contre le rhumatisme) de 2010 pour la PR<\/b> sont les suivants : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_30-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>atteinte articulaire<\/i>: 1 grosse articulation = 0 ; 2-10 grosses articulations = 1 ; 1-3 petites articulations (avec ou sans atteinte des grosses articulations) = 2 ; 4-10 petites articulations (avec ou sans atteinte des grosses articulations) = 3 ; &gt;10 articulations (au moins 1 petite articulation) = 5<\/li>\n<li><i>s\u00e9rologie<\/i> (au moins un r\u00e9sultat de test est n\u00e9cessaire pour la classification) : facteur rhumato\u00efde n\u00e9gatif et ACPA n\u00e9gatif = 0 ; facteur rhumato\u00efde faiblement positif ou ACPA faiblement positif = 2 ; facteur rhumato\u00efde fortement positif ou ACPA fortement positif = 3<\/li>\n<li><i>R\u00e9actifs de la phase aigu\u00eb<\/i> (au moins un r\u00e9sultat de test est n\u00e9cessaire pour la classification) : CRP normale et VS normale = 0 ; CRP anormale ou VS anormale = 1<\/li>\n<li><i>dur\u00e9e des sympt\u00f4mes<\/i>: &lt; 6 semaines = 0 ; 6 semaines ou plus = 1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Un score de 6 ou plus est n\u00e9cessaire pour qu&rsquo;une personne soit class\u00e9e comme atteinte de PR.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:10_30-4\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:10-30\">(30)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Pour consulter les crit\u00e8res diagnostiques 2010 de l&rsquo;ACR\/ EULAR (ligue europ\u00e9enne contre le rhumatisme) pour la PR sous forme de tableau, cliquer <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/assets.contentstack.io\/v3\/assets\/bltee37abb6b278ab2c\/blt88256f51d5771046\/rheumatoid-arthritis-classification-criteria-excerpt-2010.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">ici<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Treatment_for_Rheumatoid_Arthritis\" class=\"mw-headline\">Prise en charge de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Le traitement de la PR a connu de nombreux d\u00e9veloppements au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-5\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> Si la prise en charge principale est pharmacologique, diverses interventions non pharmacologiques jouent \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le, notamment l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation du patient, l&rsquo;exercice physique, la physioth\u00e9rapie et l&rsquo;ergoth\u00e9rapie. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:12_32-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:12-32\">(32)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span id=\"Pharmacological_Management\" class=\"mw-headline\">Prise en charge pharmacologique <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Pharmacological Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Pharmacological Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>La prise en charge pharmacologique vise \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l&rsquo;inflammation des articulations et \u00e0 inhiber la progression de la maladie.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h4><span id=\"Disease-Modifying_Antirheumatic_Drugs_.28DMARDS.29\"><\/span><span id=\"Disease-Modifying_Antirheumatic_Drugs_(DMARDS)\" class=\"mw-headline\">M\u00e9dicaments antirhumatismaux modificateurs de la maladie (ARMM) <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS)\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDS)\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab\u00a0Un diagnostic et une intervention pr\u00e9coces avec un antirhumatismal modificateur de la maladie (ARMM) restent la pierre angulaire du traitement pour contr\u00f4ler l&rsquo;inflammation, pr\u00e9venir les l\u00e9sions des articulations et des organes et r\u00e9duire le risque de d\u00e9c\u00e8s.\u00a0\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Les ARMM comprennent : 1) les ARMM conventionnels de synth\u00e8se (par exemple, le m\u00e9thotrexate), 2) les ARMM de synth\u00e8se cibl\u00e9s (par exemple, les inhibiteurs de la Janus Kinase (JAK)), et 3) les ARMM biologiques (par exemple, facteur de n\u00e9crose anti-tumorale (TNF pour \u00ab\u00a0anti-tumor necrosis factor\u00a0\u00bb en anglais) biologique ou non).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le m\u00e9thotrexate \u00e0 faible dose est le traitement initial de base de la PR.<\/li>\n<li>25 \u00e0 40 % des patients verront leur \u00e9tat s&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer de mani\u00e8re significative avec le m\u00e9thotrexate seul.<\/li>\n<li>Si les patients ne r\u00e9pondent pas de mani\u00e8re satisfaisante, d&rsquo;autres agents (par exemple, un inhibiteur de JAK ou un agent biologique) peuvent \u00eatre introduits. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:5_13-3\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:5-13\">(13)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>L&rsquo;article suivant, en anglais original, pr\u00e9sente une discussion d\u00e9taill\u00e9e sur les ARMM pour la PR : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/8\/7\/938\" rel=\"nofollow\">Current therapeutic options in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (options th\u00e9rapeutiques actuelles dans le traitement de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde)<\/a>.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:12_32-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:12-32\">(32)<\/a><\/sup> Les vid\u00e9os facultatives suivantes, \u00e9galement en anglais original, fournissent un r\u00e9sum\u00e9 simple des ARMM pour la PR :<\/p>\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2kDbztlKXKM?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-33\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-33\">(33)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"col-md-6\">\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 258px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 250px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/YSOhxIJCV-o?\" width=\"250\" height=\"141\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"text-right\"><sup id=\"cite_ref-34\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-34\">(34)<\/a><\/sup><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4><span id=\"Other_Medications\" class=\"mw-headline\">Autres m\u00e9dicaments <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Other Medications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Other Medications\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Anti-inflammatoires non st\u00e9ro\u00efdiens (AINS) : par exemple ibuprof\u00e8ne, naprox\u00e8ne <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>diminuent la douleur et am\u00e9liorent la fonction en r\u00e9duisant l&rsquo;inflammation aigu\u00eb<\/li>\n<li>peuvent soulager les sympt\u00f4mes, mais ne modifient pas l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la maladie dans le cas de la PR <sup id=\"cite_ref-:13_35-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:13-35\">(35)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Corticost\u00e9ro\u00efdes : par exemple dexam\u00e9thasone, cortisone <sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-9\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>entra\u00eenent un certain nombre d&rsquo;effets secondaires<\/li>\n<li>peuvent contribuer \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les sympt\u00f4mes, mais ne modifient pas l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la maladie dans le cas de la PR <sup id=\"cite_ref-:13_35-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:13-35\">(35)<\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span id=\"Non-pharmacological_Management\" class=\"mw-headline\">Interventions non pharmacologiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Non-pharmacological Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Non-pharmacological Management\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>\u00ab\u00a0Malgr\u00e9 la disponibilit\u00e9 de m\u00e9dicaments efficaces, une proportion importante de patients pr\u00e9sente une activit\u00e9 persistante ou r\u00e9currente de la maladie, avec ou sans l\u00e9sions articulaires. En outre, les preuves d&rsquo;un risque cardiovasculaire accru chez les patients atteints de maladies articulaires inflammatoires sont de plus en plus nombreuses. Par cons\u00e9quent, de nombreux patients ont besoin d&rsquo;un traitement non pharmacologique suppl\u00e9mentaire, y compris la physioth\u00e9rapie.\u00a0\u00bb <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-6\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Bien que la r\u00e9adaptation ne puisse pas influencer le processus pathologique de la PR, elle peut aider \u00e0 la fonction !<\/p>\n<p>NICE <sup id=\"cite_ref-36\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-36\">(36)<\/a><\/sup> recommande que les personnes atteintes de PR b\u00e9n\u00e9ficient de l&rsquo;aide de divers membres de l&rsquo;\u00e9quipe de r\u00e9adaptation, notamment d&rsquo;un physioth\u00e9rapeute, d&rsquo;un ergoth\u00e9rapeute, d&rsquo;un podiatre et d&rsquo;un psychologue.<\/p>\n<h4><span id=\"Exercise_.2F_Physical_Activity\"><\/span><span id=\"Exercise_\/_Physical_Activity\" class=\"mw-headline\">Exercice et activit\u00e9 physique <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Exercise \/ Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Exercise \/ Physical Activity\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Il est prouv\u00e9 que l&rsquo;augmentation du niveau d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique et l&rsquo;exercice peuvent aider \u00e0 soulager les sympt\u00f4mes et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire l&rsquo;impact des manifestations syst\u00e9miques de la PR. <sup id=\"cite_ref-37\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-37\">(37)<\/a><\/sup> Cependant, en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, les personnes atteintes de maladies rhumatismales et musculosquelettiques sont moins actives que les t\u00e9moins sains, <sup id=\"cite_ref-38\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-38\">(38)<\/a><\/sup> en pratiquant moins d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique que ce qui est recommand\u00e9 dans les directives internationales (en particulier chez les personnes \u00e2g\u00e9es de &lt;55 ans). <sup id=\"cite_ref-39\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-39\">(39)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>La vid\u00e9o facultative suivante, en anglais original, vous permettra d&rsquo;en savoir plus sur l&rsquo;exercice physique dans le cadre de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde. Les points cl\u00e9s de la vid\u00e9o comprennent : <sup id=\"cite_ref-:16_40-0\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:16-40\">(40)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tous les types d&rsquo;exercices ont des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques similaires, il faut donc tenir compte des pr\u00e9f\u00e9rences de votre patient.<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;exercice doit \u00eatre personnalis\u00e9 en fonction des besoins du patient (temps disponible, int\u00e9r\u00eats, acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9quipement, fonction, etc.)<\/li>\n<li>Il faut examiner la fonction actuelle et la comparer \u00e0 la fonction requise par le patient.<\/li>\n<li>Il convient de prendre en compte le niveau g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique dans les plans d&rsquo;exercices.<\/li>\n<li>Il convient \u00e9galement d&rsquo;inclure des activit\u00e9s de renforcement, de mobilit\u00e9 et cardiovasculaire dans le plan d&rsquo;exercice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QdtXacpfBg8?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-:16_40-1\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:16-40\">(40)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Peter et al. <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-7\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2)<\/a><\/sup> ont r\u00e9dig\u00e9 un guide de pratique clinique d\u00e9taillant l&rsquo;\u00e9valuation et la prise en charge physioth\u00e9rapeutique des personnes atteintes de PR, qui est disponible ici, en anglais original : <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/101\/8\/pzab127\/6277051?login=false\" rel=\"nofollow\">Clinical practice guideline for physical therapist management of people with rheumatoid arthritis<\/a> .<\/p>\n<p>Le programme SARAH (pour \u00ab\u00a0Strengthening And Stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand\u00a0\u00bb qui signifie \u00ab\u00a0renforcement et \u00e9tirement pour la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde de la main\u00a0\u00bb) est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un traitement compl\u00e9mentaire cliniquement efficace et rentable pour am\u00e9liorer la fonction de la main chez les personnes atteintes de PR. <sup id=\"cite_ref-41\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-41\">(41) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-42\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-42\">(42)<\/a><\/sup> De plus amples informations sur ce programme sont disponibles <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk\/rrio\/sarah-implementation\" rel=\"nofollow\">ici <\/a> et dans la vid\u00e9o suivante (tous deux en anglais original) :<\/p>\n<div class=\"thumb embedvideo autoResize\" style=\"width: 308px;\">\n<div class=\"embedvideo autoResize\">\n<div class=\"embedvideowrap\" style=\"width: 300px;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Play video\" src=\"\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/q1pNhMkJHhg?\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><sup id=\"cite_ref-43\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-43\">(43)<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<h4><span id=\"Other_Non-pharmacological_Interventions\" class=\"mw-headline\">Autres interventions non pharmacologiques <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Other Non-pharmacological Interventions\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Other Non-pharmacological Interventions\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u00c9ducation des patients<\/b> (\u00e0 tous les stades de l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la maladie) <sup id=\"cite_ref-44\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-44\">(44)<\/a><\/sup> <sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_2-8\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:0-2\">(2) <\/a><\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-10\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>inclure des informations sur la PR et sur l&rsquo;importance de l&rsquo;exercice physique et d&rsquo;un mode de vie sain<\/li>\n<li>strat\u00e9gies visant \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le handicap (dans le cadre de votre champ d&rsquo;activit\u00e9 sp\u00e9cifique) &#8211; par exemple, la r\u00e9partition de la mise en charge, l&rsquo;utilisation d&rsquo;appareils fonctionnels<\/li>\n<li>soutenir le patient pour qu&rsquo;il soit physiquement actif, mais r\u00e9partir l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie sur la journ\u00e9e ou la semaine en fonction de la fatigue<\/li>\n<li>reconna\u00eetre et aborder les obstacles \u00e0 l&rsquo;exercice et \u00e0 l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 physique\n<ul>\n<li>Les obstacles peuvent \u00eatre le manque de connaissances, le manque de soutien social, la douleur, la fatigue, la crainte que l&rsquo;exercice n&rsquo;endommage les articulations, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Protection des articulations <\/b><sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_14-11\" class=\"reference\"><a href=\"#cite_note-:6-14\">(14)<\/a><\/sup>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00e9viter les positions de d\u00e9formation<\/li>\n<li>adopter les positions les plus stables<\/li>\n<li>\u00e9viter les t\u00e2ches r\u00e9p\u00e9titives<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>\u00c9conomie d&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li>prendre en compte les complications syst\u00e9miques, par exemple la r\u00e9duction de la fonction cardiovasculaire<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Appareils fonctionnels<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"Additional_Resources\" class=\"mw-headline\">Ressources suppl\u00e9mentaires <\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: Additional Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: Additional Resources\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Peter WF, Swart NM, Meerhoff GA, Vliet Vlieland TPM. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/101\/8\/pzab127\/6277051?login=false\" rel=\"nofollow\">Clinical practice guideline for physical therapist management of people with rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Phys Ther. 2021 Aug 1;101(8):pzab127. (un guide de pratique clinique pour la prise en charge par les physioth\u00e9rapeutes des personnes atteintes de polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde, en anglais original)<\/li>\n<li>Majnik J, Cs\u00e1sz\u00e1r-Nagy N, B\u00f6cskei G, Bender T, Nagy G. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2022.991677\/full\" rel=\"nofollow\">Non-pharmacological treatment in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 29;9:991677. doi: 10.3389\/fmed.2022.991677. PMID: 36106320; PMCID: PMC9465607. (un article sur le traitement non pharmacologique de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde difficile \u00e0 traiter, en anglais original)<\/li>\n<li>National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng100\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rheumatoid arthritis in adults: management: NICE guideline (NG100)<\/a>. 2018 (updated 2020). (les lignes directrices du NICE sur la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde chez l&rsquo;adulte, en anglais original)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span id=\"References\" class=\"mw-headline\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/span><span class=\"mw-editsection\"><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">(<\/span><a class=\"mw-editsection-visualeditor\" title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19\">edit<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-divider\"> | <\/span><a title=\"Edit section: References\" href=\"\/index.php?title=General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19\">edit source<\/a><span class=\"mw-editsection-bracket\">)<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns\">\n<ol class=\"references\">\n<li id=\"cite_note-1\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-1\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckdeveci AA, Turan BK, Arienti C, Negrini S. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10170526\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Overview of Cochrane Systematic Reviews of rehabilitation interventions for persons with rheumatoid arthritis: a mapping synthesis<\/a>. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2023 Apr;59(2):259-69. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:0-2\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-0\">2.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-1\">2.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-2\">2.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-3\">2.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-4\">2.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-5\">2.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-6\">2.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-7\">2.7<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:0_2-8\">2.8<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Peter WF, Swart NM, Meerhoff GA, Vliet Vlieland TPM. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/101\/8\/pzab127\/6277051?login=false\" rel=\"nofollow\">Clinical practice guideline for physical therapist management of people with rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Phys Ther. 2021 Aug 1;101(8):pzab127. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:1-3\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-0\">3.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-1\">3.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-2\">3.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-3\">3.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-4\">3.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-5\">3.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-6\">3.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-7\">3.7<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-8\">3.8<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:1_3-9\">3.9<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Radu AF, Bungau SG. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/10\/11\/2857\" rel=\"nofollow\">Management of rheumatoid arthritis: an overview<\/a>. Cells. 2021 Oct 23;10(11):2857.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-4\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-4\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Metsios GS, Kitas GD. Physical activity, exercise and rheumatoid arthritis: Effectiveness, mechanisms and implementation. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Oct;32(5):669-82. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:2-5\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_5-0\">5.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_5-1\">5.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:2_5-2\">5.2<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Turk MA, Liu Y, Pope JE. Non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2023 Jun;22(6):103323. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:3-6\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_6-0\">6.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:3_6-1\">6.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">GBD 2021 Rheumatoid Arthritis Collaborators. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2665991323002114\" rel=\"nofollow\">Global, regional, and national burden of rheumatoid arthritis, 1990-2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021<\/a>. Lancet Rheumatol. 2023 Sep 25;5(10):e594-e610. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-7\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-7\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Finckh A, Gilbert B, Hodkinson B, Bae SC, Thomas R, Deane KD, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41584-022-00827-y\" rel=\"nofollow\">Global epidemiology of rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022 Oct;18(10):591-602. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:4-8\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_8-0\">8.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:4_8-1\">8.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Yazici Y, Paget SA. Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2000 Aug;26(3):517-26. <\/span> <\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-9\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-9\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Bullock J, Rizvi SAA, Saleh AM, Ahmed SS, Do DP, Ansari RA, Ahmed J. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/karger.com\/mpp\/article\/27\/6\/501\/204422\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rheumatoid arthritis: A brief overview of the treatment<\/a>. Med Princ Pract. 2018;27(6):501-7. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-10\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-10\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Pavlov-Dolijanovic S, Bogojevic M, Nozica-Radulovic T, Radunovic G, Mujovic N. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10608066\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis: characteristics and treatment options<\/a>. Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Oct 23;59(10):1878. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-11\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-11\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Slobodin G. Rheumatoid arthritis. In: Slobodin G, Shoenfeld Y, editors. Rheumatic Disease in Geriatrics. Springer, Cham, 2020. <\/span> <\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-12\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-12\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Chauhan K, Jandu JS, Brent LH, et al. Rheumatoid Arthritis. (Updated 2023 May 25). In: StatPearls (Internet). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441999\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK441999\/<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:5-13\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_13-0\">13.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_13-1\">13.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_13-2\">13.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:5_13-3\">13.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Gravallese EM, Firestein GS. Rheumatoid arthritis &#8211; common origins, divergent mechanisms. N Engl J Med. 2023 Feb 9;388(6):529-42. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:6-14\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-0\">14.00<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-1\">14.01<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-2\">14.02<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-3\">14.03<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-4\">14.04<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-5\">14.05<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-6\">14.06<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-7\">14.07<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-8\">14.08<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-9\">14.09<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-10\">14.10<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:6_14-11\">14.11<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Cunningham S. Rheumatoid Arthritis Course. Physiopedia Plus, 2024.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-15\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-15\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Cunningham S. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4984819\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Upper cervical instability associated with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report<\/a>. J Man Manip Ther. 2016 Jul;24(3):151-7.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:7-16\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-0\">16.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-1\">16.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-2\">16.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-3\">16.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-4\">16.4<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-5\">16.5<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-6\">16.6<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-7\">16.7<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:7_16-8\">16.8<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Guo Q, Wang Y, Xu D, Nossent J, Pavlos NJ, Xu J. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5920070\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Rheumatoid arthritis: pathological mechanisms and modern pharmacologic therapies<\/a>. Bone Res. 2018 Apr 27;6:15. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-17\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-17\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Arthritis Society Canada. Felty&rsquo;s syndrome. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/arthritis.ca\/about-arthritis\/arthritis-types-(a-z)\/types\/felty-s-syndrome\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/arthritis.ca\/about-arthritis\/arthritis-types-(a-z)\/types\/felty-s-syndrome<\/a> (last accessed 22 May 2024).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:8-18\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_18-0\">18.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_18-1\">18.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_18-2\">18.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:8_18-3\">18.3<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Volkov M, van Schie KA, van der Woude D. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/imr.12829\" rel=\"nofollow\">Autoantibodies and B cells: The ABC of rheumatoid arthritis pathophysiology<\/a>. Immunol Rev. 2020 Mar;294(1):148-63. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:17-19\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:17_19-0\">19.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:17_19-1\">19.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Carbonell-Bobadilla N, Soto-Fajardo C, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Batres-Marroqu\u00edn AB, Vargas T, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9424641\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis have a different phenotype than seropositive patients: A clinical and ultrasound study<\/a>. Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Aug 16;9:978351.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:9-20\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-:9_20-0\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">NEJM Group. What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis? | NEJM. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e_NZk8nFSPA\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e_NZk8nFSPA<\/a> (last accessed 23 May 2024).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:14-21\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:14_21-0\">21.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:14_21-1\">21.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">NEJM Group. What Is Rheumatoid Arthritis? | NEJM. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e_NZk8nFSPA\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=e_NZk8nFSPA<\/a> (last accessed 23\/05\/2025)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:15-22\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:15_22-0\">22.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:15_22-1\">22.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Osmosis from Elsevier. Rheumatoid arthritis &#8211; causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, pathology. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EB5zxdAQGzU\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EB5zxdAQGzU<\/a> (last accessed 23\/05\/2024)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-23\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-23\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Gazitt T, Lood C, Elkon KB. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5101001\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Citrullination in rheumatoid arthritis-a process promoted by neutrophil lysis?<\/a> Rambam Maimonides Med J. 2016 Oct 31;7(4):e0027.<\/span> <\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-24\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-24\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Holers VM, Banda NK. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5985368\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Complement in the initiation and evolution of rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Front Immunol. 2018 May 28;9:1057. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-25\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-25\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Elshabrawy HA, Chen Z, Volin MV, Ravella S, Virupannavar S, Shahrara S. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4879881\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">The pathogenic role of angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. Angiogenesis. 2015 Oct;18(4):433-48. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-26\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-26\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Orange DE, Yao V, Sawicka K, Fak J, Frank MO, Parveen S, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32668112\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">RNA identification of PRIME cells predicting rheumatoid arthritis flares<\/a>. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 16;383(3):218-28.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-27\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-27\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Melbourne Pathology. Anti-CCP Insight \u2013 March 2019. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mps.com.au\/media\/6479\/mp_insight_anti-ccp_final-in-house-march-19.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.mps.com.au\/media\/6479\/mp_insight_anti-ccp_final-in-house-march-19.pdf<\/a> (last accessed 8 June 2024).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-28\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-28\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Cho J, Pyo JY, Fadriquela A, Uh Y, Lee JH. Comparison of the analytical and clinical performances of four anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody assays for diagnosing rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2021 Feb;40(2):565-573. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-29\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-29\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Zhu JN, Nie LY, Lu XY, Wu HX. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2019-0167\/html\" rel=\"nofollow\">Meta-analysis: compared with anti-CCP and rheumatoid factor, could anti-MCV be the next biomarker in the rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria?<\/a> Clin Chem Lab Med. 2019 Oct 25;57(11):1668-79.<\/span> <\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:10-30\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_30-0\">30.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_30-1\">30.1<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_30-2\">30.2<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_30-3\">30.3<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:10_30-4\">30.4<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, Funovits J, Felson DT, Bingham CO 3rd, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ard.bmj.com\/content\/69\/9\/1580.long\" rel=\"nofollow\">2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology\/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative<\/a>. Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Sep;62(9):2569-81. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:11-31\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:11_31-0\">31.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:11_31-1\">31.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Arnett FC, Edworthy SM, Bloch DA, McShane DJ, Fries JF, Cooper NS, et al. The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1988 Mar;31(3):315-24.<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:12-32\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:12_32-0\">32.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:12_32-1\">32.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">K\u00f6hler BM, G\u00fcnther J, Kaudewitz D, Lorenz HM. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2077-0383\/8\/7\/938\" rel=\"nofollow\">Current therapeutic options in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis<\/a>. J Clin Med. 2019 Jun 28;8(7):938. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-33\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-33\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Johns Hopkins Rheumatology. Rheumatoid Arthritis &#8211; Treatment | Johns Hopkins. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2kDbztlKXKM\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=2kDbztlKXKM<\/a> (last accessed 23\/05\/2024)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-34\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-34\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Johns Hopkins Rheumatology. Treatment Options for Rheumatoid Arthritis | Johns Hopkins Rheumatology. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YSOhxIJCV-o\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YSOhxIJCV-o<\/a> (last accessed 23\/05\/2024)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:13-35\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:13_35-0\">35.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:13_35-1\">35.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center. Rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hopkinsarthritis.org\/arthritis-info\/rheumatoid-arthritis\/ra-treatment\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.hopkinsarthritis.org\/arthritis-info\/rheumatoid-arthritis\/ra-treatment\/<\/a> (last accessed 25 May 2024). <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-36\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-36\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\"><span class=\"reference-text\">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Rheumatoid arthritis in adults: management:<\/span><\/span>NICE guideline (NG100). 2018 (updated 2020). Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng100\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng100\/<\/a> (accessed 24 May 2024).<\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-37\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-37\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Metsios GS, Kitas GD. Physical activity, exercise and rheumatoid arthritis: Effectiveness, mechanisms and implementation. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2018 Oct;32(5):669-82. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-38\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-38\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Rausch Osthoff AK, Niedermann K, Braun J, Adams J, Brodin N, Dagfinrud H, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ard.bmj.com\/content\/77\/9\/1251.long\" rel=\"nofollow\">2018 EULAR recommendations for physical activity in people with inflammatory arthritis and osteoarthritis<\/a>. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018 Sep;77(9):1251-60. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-39\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-39\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Lange E, Kucharski D, Svedlund S, Svensson K, Bertholds G, Gjertsson I, Mannerkorpi K. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/acr.23589\" rel=\"nofollow\">Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise in older adults with rheumatoid arthritis: A randomized controlled trial<\/a>. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Jan;71(1):61-70. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-:16-40\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\">\u2191 <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:16_40-0\">40.0<\/a><\/sup> <sup><a href=\"#cite_ref-:16_40-1\">40.1<\/a><\/sup><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">The Rheumatology Physio. Exercise and rheumatoid arthritis webinar. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QdtXacpfBg8\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=QdtXacpfBg8<\/a> (last accessed 25 May 2024).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-41\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-41\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">NDORMS. SARAH Implementation. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk\/rrio\/sarah-implementation\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/www.ndorms.ox.ac.uk\/rrio\/sarah-implementation<\/a> (last accessed 24 May 2024).<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-42\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-42\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lancet\/article\/PIIS0140-6736(14)60998-3\/fulltext\" rel=\"nofollow\">Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial<\/a>. Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9. <\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-43\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-43\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">British Society for Rheumatology. Hand exercises for people with rheumatoid arthritis. Available from: <a class=\"external free\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q1pNhMkJHhg\" rel=\"nofollow\">http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q1pNhMkJHhg<\/a> (last accessed 24\/05\/2024)<\/span><\/li>\n<li id=\"cite_note-44\"><span class=\"mw-cite-backlink\"><a href=\"#cite_ref-44\">\u2191<\/a><\/span> <span class=\"reference-text\">Zangi HA, Ndosi M, Adams J, Andersen L, Bode C, Bostr\u00f6m C, et al. <a class=\"external text\" href=\"https:\/\/ard.bmj.com\/content\/74\/6\/954.long\" rel=\"nofollow\">EULAR recommendations for patient education for people with inflammatory arthritis<\/a>. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Jun;74(6):954-62. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- NewPP limit report Cached time: 20240806053134 Cache expiry: 0 Reduced expiry: true Complications: (show\u2010toc) CPU time usage: 0.209 seconds Real time usage: 0.227 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 890\/1000000 Post\u2010expand include size: 262\/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0\/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 3\/100 Expensive parser function count: 0\/100 Unstrip recursion depth: 0\/20 Unstrip post\u2010expand size: 16083\/5000000 bytes --><br \/>\n<!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 5.082 1 Special:Contributors\/General_Overview_of_Rheumatoid_Arthritis_for_Rehabilitation_Professionals 100.00% 5.082 1 -total --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9dactrice originale &#8211; Shala Cunningham Principale collaboratice &#8211; Jess Bell Contenu 1 Introduction 2 \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie 3 Facteurs de risque 4 Caract\u00e9ristiques cliniques 5 D\u00e9formations articulaires typiques 6 Physiopathologie 6.1 Aper\u00e7u de la physiopathologie de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde 7 Diagnostic 7.1 Tests diagnostiques 7.2 Crit\u00e8res diagnostiques 8 Prise en charge de la polyarthrite rhumato\u00efde 8.1 Prise [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10889","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10889","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10889"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10889\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10904,"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10889\/revisions\/10904"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/langs.physio-pedia.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10889"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}